Footwear Impression Evidence: Detection, Recovery and Examination, SECOND EDITION
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Summary
Reviewed and recognized as the most authoritative source in the field, this book describes the methods used worldwide to recover and identify footwear impressions from the scene of a crime.
In this new edition, everything, including the original twelve chapters, bibliography, appendix, etc., has been clarified, updated and expanded. This edition includes updated and new information on recovery procedures and materials such as lifting, photography and casting; chemical enhancement; updated information about footwear manufacturing; footwear sizing; and known impression techniques and materials.
WHAT’S NEW IN THE SECOND EDITION:
Besides updating and expanding the twelve original chapters, Footwear Impression Evidence: Detection, Recovery and Examination, Second Edition adds three new chapters: one chapter on barefoot evidence, which concerns impressions made by the naked or sock-clad foot or those which remain in abandoned or discarded footwear; another new chapter on several cases in which the footwear impression evidence was of primary importance in bringing about a conviction or confession; and finally, a new chapter on the footwear impression evidence in the O.J. Simpson criminal and civil cases.
Table of Contents
AWARENESS, DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION EVIDENCE
General Information Regarding Footwear Impression Evidence
Formation of Footwear Impression
Finding Footwear Impressions at the Scene of the Crime
General Treatment of Impressions
PHOTOGRAPHY OF FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS
General Crime Scene Photography
Examination Quality Photography
Checklist for Examination Quality Photography
CASTING THREE-DIMENSIONAL FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS
Introduction to Casting
Casting Materials
Methods of Casting with Dental Stone
After the Cast is Poured
Casting Footwear Impressions in Snow
The Importance of Casting All Three-Dimensional Impressions
TREATMENT OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS
Lifting Two-Dimensional Footwear Impressions
Lifting Impressions Electrostatically
Gelatin and Adhesive Lifting
Other Lifting Materials and Choices
Impressions That are Difficult to Lift
Powdering Impressions
Selection of Proper Lifting Materials
Deformable Impressions
THE ENHANCEMENT OF FOOTWEAR IMPRESSIONS
Specialized Lighting and Forensic Photographic Methods
Physical Methods
Chemical Enhancement
Chemical Methods for Enhancement of Residue Impressions
Chemical Methods for Enhancement of Footwear Impressions in Blood
Sequencing of Enhancement Techniques
Three-Dimensional Impression Enhancement
Use of Computers
FOOTWEAR SIZING
Shoe Sizing and Shoe Sizing Systems
Forensic Considerations
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES OF SYNTHETIC SOLED SHOES
The Footwear Industry
The Molding Process
Molding Processes
The Cut Processes
Recognition of Manufacturing Methods
Some Reasons for Shoes of One Size and Design Varying
KNOWN SHOES OF SUSPECTS AND THE PREPARATION OF KNOWN IMPRESSIONS
Obtaining the Known Shoes From the Suspect
Footwear Databases
Test Impressions of Known Shoes
Summary
WEAR CHARACTERISTICS
Defining Wear Characteristics
Factors Influencing the Wear of Shoe Outsoles
Considerations of Wear Characteristics During Examination
CLASS AND IDENTIFYING CHARACTERISTICS
Class Characteristics
Identifying Characteristics
Characteristics Required for Positive Identification
Changes in Identifying Characteristics as Shoe Wear Continues
COMPARISON OF THE QUESTIONED IMPRESSION WITH KNOWN SHOES
Treatment of the Evidence
Variation and Distortion
Examination of the Questioned Impression
Results
THE FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION EXAMINER IN COURT
What Constitutes an Expert Witness?
What Qualifies a Footwear Impression Examiner as an Expert?
PreTrial Conferences
Presentation of Examination Results in Court
Last Minute Examinations
IMPRESSIONS OF THE FOOT
Introduction
Individuality of the Feet
Known Standards of the Feet
The Examination Process
Case Examples
SOME CASE APPLICATIONS
St. Croix Homicide Case
The New York Gap Homicide
Denver Multiple Homicide Case
The Naperville Case
A New York Serial Robbery/Homicide Case
A South Carolina Homicide
THE FOOTWEAR IMPRESSION EVIDENCE IN THE O. J. SIMPSON TRIAL
References
Glossary
Appendix
Index
Editorial Reviews
"The book is an updated edition of Bodziaks' jhighly respected Footwear Impression Evidence, published in 1990, which at the time also updated and brought together knowledge, which the footwear impression examiner would require in practice. . . There is no doubt that this book is essential reading for the footwear impression examiner, representing the most comprehensive considerations of footwear impression evidence to date. . . the book is an essential purchase for anyone involved in footwear identification. The first edition was a classic in its own right written by an acknowledged master in the field of footwear impression evidence. . . Despite this, I would undoubtedly recommend the book for those working in this area of identification."
—Dr, Wesley Vernon PhD
”…contains virtually everything that a footwear mark examiner should know about, with information gleaned from all around the world… an extremely useful reference for any aspiring footwear mark examiner. Even long established examiners are likely to find something of interest in it.”
— Science & Justice
Review of the first edition:
”By any measure this is a comprehensive treatment of the many forensic components of shoemark evidence.”
—Forensic Science International
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