1st Edition
Solid Acid Catalysis From Fundamentals to Applications
Solids that possess acidic properties on their surfaces function as catalysts just like liquid acids, such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. By using solid acid catalysts, chemical processes become more productive and more environmentally friendly. In fact, solid acids are being used in many industrial chemical processes from the largest chemical process of catalytic cracking in petroleum refining to the synthesis of various fine chemicals. This book covers the fundamentals of solid acid catalysis, including its history and characterization, and discusses different types of catalysts and solid acid-catalyzed reactions as well as their industrial applications. It comprehensively covers from fundamentals to applications and will be useful for students, young researchers, and advanced researchers.
Introduction
Types of solid acid catalysts
Advantages of solid acid catalysts
Historical overviews of solid acid catalysts
Future outlook
Solid Acids Catalysis
Definition of acid and base -Brnsted acid and Lewis acid-
Acid sites on surfaces
Acid strength
Role of acid sites in catalysis
Bifunctional catalysis
Pore size effect on catalysis –shape selectivity–
Characterization of Solid Acid Catalysts
Indicator method
Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia
Calorimetry of adsorption of basic molecules
Infrared spectroscopy
NMR spectroscopy
Test reactions
Catalytic properties of solid acid catalysts
Zeolites
Aluminophosphate molecular sieve
Ordered mosoporous materials
Heteropoly acids
Clay
Alumina and modified alumina
Zirconia and modified zirconia
Mixed oxides
Supported acids
Ion-exchange resins
Hydrocarbon transformations–mechanisms and industrial processes–
Introduction
Fluidized catalytic cracking
Alkylation of benzene
Isomerization of alkanes
Production of p-xylene
Methanol to hydrocabons
Synthesis of organic chemicals through solid acid catalysis
Alkylation
Acylation
Esterification and transesterification
Reactions of epoxides
Dehydration
Conversion of trioses into lactates
Hydration of alkenes
Isomerization/rearrangement
Acetalization, thioacetalization
Prins reaction - Nopol synthesis
Synthesis of flavones and chromenes
Synthesis of xanthenes
Pechmann condensation
Friedländer reaction
Synthesis of amides
Biginelli reaction
Strecker reaction
Biography
Hideshi Hattori is joint professor at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, and research-promoting professor at Catalysis Research Center, Hokkaido University, Japan, as well as professor emeritus at Hokkaido University. He is former president of the Catalysis Society of Japan. He chaired the Fourth Tokyo Conference on Advanced Catalytic Science and Technology, held in 2002, and the International Symposia on Acid–Base Catalysis II and IV. Prof. Hattori’s field of interest is solid acid and base catalysis.
Yoshio Ono is professor emeritus at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, and the National Institution for Academic Degrees and University Evaluation, Japan. He has authored about 300 papers and reviews and is former president of the Catalysis Society of Japan and the Japan Association of Zeolites. He is one of the founding editors of Catalysis Surveys from Asia. Prof. Ono’s research interests include catalysis by zeolites and solid acids and bases.
"This monograph follows up and complements another book by the same authors—Solid Base Catalysis— published in 2011. It represents a unique account of the historical background of heterogeneous catalysis and its industrial applications in petrochemistry and synthesis of major organic chemicals. It includes a majority of actual reactions and processes in the field and a concentrate of the most recent discoveries and applications. An excellent book describing acidity function, the main acid-type solid catalysts, their characterization, many details on reaction mechanisms, and their applications, it is very well documented and written homogenously, with an up-to-date analysis of the field. The book is highly recommended for both young and established scientists."
—Prof. Jacques C. Védrine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, France