2nd Edition

Electrical Power Equipment Maintenance and Testing

By Paul Gill Copyright 2008
    1000 Pages 374 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    The second edition of a bestseller, this definitive text covers all aspects of testing and maintenance of the equipment found in electrical power systems serving industrial, commercial, utility substations, and generating plants. It addresses practical aspects of routing testing and maintenance and presents both the methodologies and engineering basics needed to carry out these tasks. It is an essential reference for engineers and technicians responsible for the operation, maintenance, and testing of power system equipment. Comprehensive coverage includes dielectric theory, dissolved gas analysis, cable fault locating, ground resistance measurements, and power factor, dissipation factor, DC, breaker, and relay testing methods.

    Maintenance Strategies, Dielectric Theory, Insulating Materials, Failure Modes, and Maintenance Impact on Arc-Flash Hazards
    Introduction
    Why Maintain and Test
    Overview of Electrical Maintenance and Testing Strategies
    Planning an EPM Program 
    Overview of Testing and Test Methods
    Review of Dielectric Theory and Practice 
    Insulating Materials for Electrical Power Equipment
    Causes of Insulation Degradation and Failure Modes of Electrical Equipment
    Maintenance of Protective Devices and their Impact on Arc-Flash Hazard Analysis

    Direct-Current Voltage Testing of Electrical Equipment
    Introduction
    DC Voltage Testing of Insulation
    DC Testing Methods 
    Transformers 
    Cables and Accessories 
    Electrical Switchgear and Circuit Breakers 
    Motors and Generators 
    Lightning Arresters 
    Capacitors 
    Evaluation of Test Data Readings 
    Precautions when Making DC Tests 

    Power Factor and Dissipation Factor Testing Methods
    Introduction 
    PF and DF Test Methods 
    Description of the PF Test Equipment 
    Basic Test Connections (Test Modes) for PF Testing 
    Safety Cautions with PF Testing 
    PF Testing of Electrical Apparatus Insulation 
    Evaluation and Grading of PF and DF Test Results

    Insulating Oils, Fluids, and Gases
    Introduction 
    Insulating Oil 
    Less Flammable Insulating Fluids
    Insulating Liquid Sampling Procedures 
    Maintenance and Reconditioning of Insulating Oil and Fluids 
    Insulating Gases

    Transformers
    Introduction
    Transformer Categories and Type
    Application and Use 
    Transformer Fundamentals
    Transformer Polarity, Terminal Markings, and Connections
    Transformer Characteristics
    Preventive Maintenance of Transformers 
    Transformer Testing 
    Online Condition Monitoring of Transformers
    Online Monitoring of Bushings and Lightning Arrestors

    Cables and Accessories
    Introduction 
    Cable Construction and Classification 
    Cable Characteristics
    Electrical Constants
    Cable Ratings
    Cable Selection and Application 
    Installation of Cables 
    Maintenance of Cables 
    Cable Failures and Their Analysis 
    Field Testing of Medium-Voltage Cables 
    Latest Trends in Cable Condition Monitoring and Aging Assessment
    Cable Fault Locating Methods

    Medium-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers
    General 
    Medium-Voltage Switchgear 
    Electrical Switchgear Maintenance and Care 
    Electrical Switchgear Testing 
    Control Power for Switchgear
    DC (Battery) Control Power Equipment 
    AC Control Power Equipment 
    Maintenance and Care of Batteries for
    Switchgear Applications 

    Low-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers
    Low-Voltage Switchgear
    Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers
    Overcurrent Protective Devices
    Fuses
    Disconnect Switches
    Selection and Application of Low-Voltage Equipment
    Low-Voltage Switchgear Maintenance and Care
    Maintenance and Testing of Low-Voltage Protective Devices
    Uninterruptible Power Supply Commissioning and Testing
    Infrared Inspection of Electrical Equipment 

    Testing and Commissioning of Protective Relays and Instrument Transformers
    Introduction 
    Instrument Transformers 
    Protective Relays
    Relay Application and Principles
    Types of Relay Tests 
    Testing and Maintenance of Electromechanical Protective Relays
    Testing and Commissioning of Static and Digital Relays
    Event Reporting

    Motors and Generators
    General
    NEMA Classifi cation of Motors and Generators
    Applications of Motors and Generators
    AC Motors
    AC Generators 
    DC Motors
    DC Generators
    Motor and Generator Insulation Systems
    Motor and Generator Maintenance 
    Predictive Maintenance Guide on Motors and Variable Frequency Drives
    Testing of Motors and Generators 
    Other Insulation Test Methods
    Vibration Analysis

    Electrical Power System Grounding and Ground Resistance Measurements
    Introduction
    Selection of Grounding Method
    Selection of Grounding System 
    Understanding Ground Resistance 
    Ground Resistance Values 
    Ground Resistance Measurements
    Ground Grid Integrity Measurements

    Power Quality, Harmonics, and Predictive Maintenance
    Background 
    PQ Concept and Fundamentals 
    Origins of PQ Problems and Harmonics
    Characteristics of Typical Linear and Nonlinear Loads
    Effects of Harmonic on Power System Equipment and Loads
    Predictive Maintenance and PQ Measurements
    PQ Solution and Power Treatment Devices

    Electrical Safety, Arc-Flash Hazard, Switching Practices, and Precautions
    Introduction 
    Industry Standards and Regulatory Requirements for Safety
    Arc-Flash Hazard and Regulatory Requirements
    Electrical Safety Practices and Precautions
    Electrical Switching Practices and Precautions
    Electrical Fire Emergencies 
    Effects of Electrical Shock
    First Aid

    Appendix A
    Appendix B 
    Bibliography 
    Index 

    Biography

    Paul Gill