1st Edition
Water and Wastewater Conveyance Pumping, Hydraulics, Piping, and Valves
Water and Wastewater Conveyance: Pumping, Hydraulics, Piping, and Valves provides fundamental, basic information on the conveyance of water and wastewater. Written in straight-forward and easy-to-understand language for professionals and non-professionals alike, it provides the techniques to assist water and wastewater operators to better understand basic pump operations and applications, maintenance regimens, and troubleshooting procedures. Addressing a multitude of water quality issues, it provides an introduction to water hydraulics, piping systems, tubes, hoses, and ancillaries as well as valves, and the maintenance requirements of each. It also discusses common operational problems and their appropriate corrective actions. Definitions of key terms and self-examination questions are provided at the end of each chapter.
WATER AND WASTEWATER SOURCES AND CHARACTERISTICS
Potable Water Sources
Comparative Conveyance
Introduction
Hydrologic Cycle
Sources of Water
Surface
Groundwater
Groundwater under the Direct Influence of Surface Water
Surface Water Quality and Treatment Requirements
Public Water System Quality Requirements
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Wastewater Sources and Characteristics
Wastewater Sources
Wastewater Characteristics
Wastewater Collection Systems
Chapter Review Questions
PUMPING
Pumping: Setting the Stage
Introduction
Archimedes’ Screw
Thought-Provoking Question
References and Recommended Reading
Basic Pumping Definitions and Calculations
Introduction
Basic Pumping Hydraulics
Basic Pumping Calculations
Pump Performance Curves
Pumps in Series and Parallel
Considerations for Pumping Wastewater
Types of Pumps Used in Water/Wastewater Treatment
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Centrifugal Pumps
Introduction
Centrifugal Pump Description
Theory
Types of Centrifugal Pumps
Centrifugal Pump Characteristics
Water/Wastewater Applications
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Centrifugal Pump Components
Introduction
Casing
Impellers
Wear Rings
Shafts, Sleeves, and Couplings
Stuffing Box and Seals
Bearings
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Centrifugal Pump Operational Procedures
Introduction
Centrifugal Pump Installation
Startup
Normal Operation
Priming
Backflushing
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Centrifugal Pump Maintenance and Troubleshooting Procedures
Introduction
Pump and Motor Lubrication
Purpose of Lubrication
Lubrication Requirements
Lubrication Procedures
Packing and Seal Replacement
Pump and Motor Bearing Inspection
Shaft and Coupling Alignment
Removal of Obstructions
Preventive Maintenance
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Centrifugal Pumps
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Centrifugal Pump Modifications
Introduction
Submersible Pumps
Recessed Impeller or Vortex Pumps
Turbine Pumps
Chapter Review Questions
Positive Displacement Pumps
Introduction
Reciprocating Pumps
Rotary Pumps
Peristaltic Pumps
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
WATER HYDRAULICS
Well Systems and Pumps
Well Systems
Well Hydraulics
Well Evaluation
Well Pumps
Routine Operation and Recordkeeping Requirements
Well Maintenance
Well Abandonment
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Water Hydraulics: What Is It?
Setting the Stage
The Stage Is Set
Basic Concepts
Units, Conversion Factors, and Formulas
Properties of Water
Force and Pressure
Head
Flow and Discharge Rates: Water in Motion
Water Hydraulics Practice Calculations
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Bernoulli’s Theorem
Introduction
Conservation of Energy
Piezometric Surface
Bernoulli’s Theorem
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Friction Head Loss and Wastewater Sediment Control
Introduction
Pipe and Open-Channel Flow Basics
Major Head Loss
Minor Head Loss
Wastewater Conveyance and Control of Sediment
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Basic Piping and Open-Channel Hydraulics
Introduction
Piping Networks
Characteristics of Open-Channel Flow
Parameters Used in Open-Channel Flow
Open-Channel Flow Calculations
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
Flow Measurement
Introduction
Flow Measurement the Old-Fashioned Way
Basis of Traditional Flow Measurement
Flow Measuring Devices
Open-Channel Flow Measurement
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
PIPING
Piping System Basics
Delivering the Lifeblood of Civilization
Conveyance Systems
Importance of Conveyance Systems
Fluids vs. Liquids
Piping and Equipment Color Identification Code
Maintaining Fluid Flow in Piping Systems
Piping System Maintenance
Piping System Accessories
Piping System Temperature Effects
Piping System Insulation
Piping: The Basics
Metallic Piping
Nonmetallic Piping
Tubing
Industrial Hoses
Pipe and Tube Fittings
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
VALVES
Flow Control Devices
Definition and Function of Valves
Types of Valves
Valve Operators
Valve Maintenance
Piping System Protective Devices
Piping Ancillaries
Chapter Review Questions
References and Recommended Reading
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Comprehensive Review Questions
Glossary
Appendix: Answers to Chapter Review Questions
Index
Biography
Frank R. Spellman, PhD, is a retired assistant professor of environmental health at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia. He is the author of more than 90 books covering topics in environmental science and occupational health, and has been cited in more than 450 publications. Dr. Spellman holds a BA in public administration, a BS in business management, an MBA, and both an MS and a PhD in environmental engineering.
"The main strength of Water and Wastewater Conveyance: Pumping, Hydraulics, Piping, and Valves by Spellman lies in author’s writing style on ready-to-use procedural applications for non-technical audiences. It will serve as a nice introduction to further evolutionary expansion."
— Professor Jaewan Yoon, Old Dominion University, USA"...a wealth of information, easily classified for the reader and many straight forward worked calculations."
— Brian Garvey, Athlone Institute of Technology, Ireland
