1st Edition

Disposal and Management of Solid Waste Pathogens and Diseases

By Eliot Epstein Copyright 2015
    163 Pages 17 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Disposal and Management of Solid Waste: Pathogens and Diseases takes a closer look at pathogens that are found in solid wastes and the diseases that they produce. While comparing the differences between developed and developing countries, this book provides an understanding of the risks and exposure of pathogens in solid wastes, addresses pathogens in soil and plants, and bioaerosols, and helps readers determine how pathogens can be directly or indirectly detrimental to human health. The text places special emphasis on developing countries where environmentally safe systems are relatively rare, and provides extensive details on potential sources of infection and disease. The author discusses the transmission routes of diseases and pathogens from various solid wastes, and presents the proper disposal options and the management of solid waste.

    This book covers:

    • Global aspects of pathogens and diseases from solid waste
    • Pathogens and diseases in various solid wastes other than hospital wastes
    • Disposal and management of solid wastes in relation to diseases

    Disposal and Management of Solid Waste: Pathogens and Diseases describes the various pathogens and diseases that can be found in solid waste, and utilizes recent available data to offer insight and suggestions on the management and disposal of solid waste to reduce infection and disease.

    Pathogens and Diseases Associated with Disposal and Management of Solid Waste

    Introduction

    Definitions

    Sources of Pathogens in Solid Waste

    Infection of Humans from Solid Waste

    Summary

    References

    Risk and Exposure

    Introduction

    Risk Assessment

    Hazard Assessment and Identification

    Dose-Response Assessment

    Exposure Assessment

    Risk Characterization

    References

    Suggested Reading

    Odors as a Health Issue

    Introduction

    Basic Concepts

    Odor and Health

    Summary

    References

    Pathogens and Diseases of Solid Wastes: Municipal Solid Waste or Garbage

    Introduction

    Pathogens and Their Diseases

    Vectors

    Summary

    References

    Pathogens and Diseases of Sewage Sludge, Septage, and Human Fecal Matter

    Introduction

    Pathogens and Diseases

    References

    Pathogens in Soils

    Introduction

    Bacteria

    Viruses

    Parasites

    Summary

    References

    Geophagy and Human Pathogens in Plants

    Introduction

    Geophagy

    Pathogens on Plants

    Summary

    References

    Bioaerosols

    Introduction

    Fungi and Pathogens Commonly Found in Outdoor and Indoor Environments

    References

    Pathogens in Animal Waste and Manures

    Introduction

    Pathogens and Diseases Transmitted to Humans

    Summary

    References

    Pathogens in Food and Water

    Introduction

    Foodborne Diseases

    Waterborne Diseases

    Summary

    References

    Disposal and Management of Solid Waste

    Introduction

    Landfills or Dumps

    Incineration and Burning

    Anaerobic Digestion

    Land Application

    Composting

    Lime Stabilization

    Summary

    References

    Details of the Pathogens and Their Diseases

    Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

    Acinetobacter baumannii

    Actinomyces spp

    Aeromonas spp

    Ascaris lumbricoides

    Bacillaceae spp

    Bacillus spp

    Bordetella spp

    Campylobacter jejuni

    Cellulomonas

    Entamoeba histolytica

    Enterobacteria

    Escherichia coli

    Klebsiella pneumonia

    Micrococcus

    Mycobacterium spp

    Neisseria

    Proteus spp

    Pseudomonas spp

    Salmonella spp

    Serratia plymuthica

    Staphylococcus aureus

    Streptococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis), Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae

    Biography

    Eliot Epstein, Ph.D., is an internationally known expert in the composting of waste material. He specializes in composting and biosolids management, solid waste, land application, and waste disposal. Dr. Epstein has participated in composting programs performed in North America, Europe, and Asia, and has directed waste management projects for both government and industry. He has conducted technology transfer programs in sludge management and composting of various wastes for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE). He has also authored over 150 technical papers and produced two books on composting and biosolids-related issues.

    "… describes the various pathogens and diseases that can be found in solid waste, and utilizes recent available data to offer insight and suggestions on the management and disposal of solid waste…"
    —Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B,
    2015

    "… presents a concise description of the problems and the associated risks of solid waste disposal stressing the need to utilize modalities to minimize the risks that are present in these materials. … will allow both the scientist and the layman to learn a great deal about the overall problem. … a great text for an introduction to the overall problem in a solid waste management course or for the preparation of rule makers to assess impacts and risks associated with the disposal and management of solid waste pathogens. It has a broad breadth of coverage that touches upon the topics of greatest current concerns."
    —Dwight D. Bowman, Cornell University

    "This is a logically arranged, methodically connected and concisely presented book on the relationship between solid wastes and pathogens. The book guides the readers through introducing the link between the pathogens and solid wastes in general, risk of exposure to the wastes and pathogens through different solid wastes, and ends with how the pathogens get into soil and water causing human health risk. Details on different pathogens provided as appendices can provide a reader’s a concise compendium of information. … It is a clear, simple and concise guide for practitioners as well as beginners, especially students. The contents are concise yet covered the necessary information."
    —Prof. Jonathan W.C. Wong, Hong Kong Baptist University

    "… sure covers the density of pathogens in solid waste, soils, plants, human feces and manures. It appears to lacking in the treatment a little. It does cover the issues in developing countries in a holistic fashion. … update reference on pathogens in all niches of the environment and a must reference."
    —Robert S. Reimers, Ph.D., Q.E.P., Professor Emeritus, Tulane University