1st Edition
Plant Gum Exudates of the World Sources, Distribution, Properties, and Applications
Plant Gum Exudates of the World: Sources, Distributions, Properties, and Applications is the most extensive collection of plant gum exudates in print, containing information on both well-established exudates and newer ones. It not only introduces an array of exudates never before described or reviewed, but also classifies gums according to their botanical taxonomy. This readily accessible book also supplies color plates of exudates in their natural environment along with relevant botanical parts.
Each entry includes:
- Botanical name
- Common and vernacular gum names
- Geographical distribution information
- Appearance and color descriptions
- Water solubility information
- Chemical characteristics
- Structural features
- Physical and physicochemical properties
- Commercial availability
- Industrial and food applications
- Synonyms of and uses for the producing tree or shrub
Role and Sources of Exudate Gums
Introduction
Definitions
Gum Yields
Agricultural Issues
Physical Properties of Gums
Chemical Properties
Commercial Assessments of Gums
Industrial and Other Uses
References
Physiological Aspects of Polysaccharide Formation in Plants
Introduction
Stress Factors, Ethylene and Gummosis
Borers and Gum Formation
Gum Ducts
Gummosis in Fruit Trees
Induced Inoculation and Gum Yield
References
Major Plant Exudates of the World
Introduction
Gum Arabic and Other Acacia Gums
Gum Tragacanth and Similar Gums
Important Indian or Asiatic Gums and Their Botanical Sources
Gums of the New World
Miscellaneous Asiatic, African, and Australian Gums
References
Minor Plant Exudates of the World
Introduction
Adansonia Malvaceae (subfamily: Bombacoideae)
Adenanthera Fabaceae (subfamily: Mimosoideae)
Afzelia Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Albizia Fabaceae
Anogeissus Combretaceae
Atalaya Sapindaceae (subfamily: Sapindoideae)
Balsamocitrus Rutaceae (subfamily: Aurantioideae)
Bauhinia Fabaceae
Julbernardia Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Bombax Malvaceae (subfamily: Bombacoideae)
Borassus Arecaceae (subfamily: Coryphoideae)
Bosistoa Rutaceae (subfamily: Toddalioideae)
Brachystegia Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Burkea Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Capparis Capparaceae
Careya Lecythidaceae (subfamily: Planchonioideae)
Cassia Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Cedrela Meliaceae
Ceiba Malvaceae (subfamily: Bombacoideae)
Ceratopetalum Cunoniaceae
Chukrasia Meliaceae
Citrus Rutaceae
Cocos Arecaceae (subfamily: Arecoideae)
Cola Sterculiaceae
Combretum Combretaceae
Cordia Boraginaceae (subfamily: Cordioideae)
Cordyla Fabaceae (subfamily: Faboideae)
Corypha Arecaceae (subfamily: Coryphoideae)
Crataeva Capparaceae
Cussonia Araliaceae
Cycas Cycadaceae
Dichrostachys Fabaceae (subfamily: Mimosoideae)
Echinocarpus Elaeocarpaceae
Elaeocarpus Elaeocarpaceae
Encephalartos Zamiaceae
Entada Fabaceae (subfamily: Mimosoideae)
Erythrophleum Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Flindersia Rutaceae
Garuga Burseraceae
Geijera Rutaceae
Geodorum Orchidaceae
Hakea Proteaceae
Khaya Meliaceae
Lagerstroemia Lythraceae
Lannea Anacardiaceae
Macrozamia Zamiaceae
Melia Meliaceae
Melicope Rutaceae
Moringa Moringaceae
Owenia Meliaceae
Panax (Tieghemopanax) Araliaceae
Saltera Penaeaceae
Pentaceras Rutaceae
Prunus Rosaceae
Pseudocedrela Meliaceae
Saccopetalum Annonaceae
Sarcostemma Asclepiadaceae
Schefflera Araliaceae
Sclerocarya Anacardiaceae
Semecarpus Anacardiaceae
Sloanea Elaeocarpaceae
Soymida Meliaceae
Tamarindus Fabaceae (subfamily: Caesalpinioideae)
Heritiera Malvaceae
Terminalia Combretaceae
Thevetia Apocynaceae
Virgilia Fabaceae (subfamily: Faboideae)
Food Applications of Plant Exudates
Introduction
Food Uses of Gum Exudates
Gum Exudates in Animal Food
Health-Related Aspects
Gum Exudates in Water-Based Adhesives
Introduction
Gums as Adhesives
Industrial Uses of Exudate Glues
Biological Applications: A General Approach
Hydrocolloid Adhesion Tests
Exudates as Wet Glues
Adhesion Mechanisms of Hydrogels
Medical, Cosmetic and Biotechnological Uses of Gum Exudates
Introduction
Pharmacological Applications
Folk Medicine
Cosmetics and Other Products
Biotechnological Applications
Analysis and Identification of Gum Exudates
Introduction
Industrial Gums
Group Analysis and Identification Schemes
Additional Analytical Methods
Miscellaneous Uses of Plant Exudates
Introduction
Paints, Pigments and Painting
Inks
Lithography
Textiles
Corrosion Inhibition
Immersion Plating
Drilling Fluids
Oil-Well Cement
Binders and Special Coatings
Paper and E-Paper
Explosives
Ceramics
Miscellaneous
Biography
Dr. Amos Nussinovitch works in the Biochemistry and Food Science Department on the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he leads a large group of researchers working on theoretical and practical aspects of hydrocolloids, including coating of cells and foods, special glues and exudates patches, water-soluble polymer uses in paper, exudates preparations in cosmetics and medicine, hydrocolloid uses in explosives, ink, and special cellular solids and biological carriers.
"The catalogue begins with the widely used gum arabic, from the genus Acacia (Fabaceae) and gum tragacanth from Astragalus (Fabaceae) and Sterculia (Malvaceae), but later changes to ordering by region - Asiatic, New World and miscellaneous. Taxa are described in terms of, for example, their distribution in the world, the charactenstIcs of the plant and the exudate, and its commercial uses and economic importance. There are many photographs of plants and gums, mostly of high quality, and some reproduced fine drawings of plants."
—G. R. Squire, in The Journal of Experimental Agriculture, Vol. 46/4, 2010"This book will surely become the definitive reference for the vast array of gums and resins of diverse origin which have been known from historical times and have continued to emerge over the years. The exudate-bearing trees are distributed all over the world, in different climates and continents. The various names by which they are known and the different classification systems adopted have presented a major problem to the student and researcher. Now we have a uniform classification system based on botanical taxonomy which have been checked and standardised to accord with the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Germoplasm Resource Information Network. It is a massive step forward for which countless researchers will thank the author."
—Glyn O. Phillips, Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Ltd, in Food Hydrocolloids, 2011"The author reached his goal: this book is definitely the most complete work on the subject."
—Esther Katz, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement Brasilia, in Economic Botany, Vol. 65, 2011