1st Edition

Mineral Admixtures in Cement and Concrete

By Jayant D. Bapat Copyright 2013
    310 Pages 60 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    312 Pages 60 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Written to meet the requirements of engineers working in construction and concrete manufacturing, Mineral Admixtures in Cement and Concrete focuses on how to make more workable and durable concrete using mineral admixtures. In particular, it covers pulverized fuel ash (PFA), blast furnace slag (BFS), silica fume (SF), rice husk ash (RHA), and metakaolin (MK), as well as some new admixtures currently under investigation.

    For each mineral admixture, the book looks at manufacturing and processing, physical characteristics, chemical and mineralogical composition, quality control, and reported experiences. It also examines the provisions of national standards on the admixture’s addition to cement and concrete. References to microstructures and chemistry are kept to a minimum and only discussed to the extent necessary to help readers apply the admixtures in practice.

    The book also addresses hydration, presenting the relevant chemistry and detailing the impact of adding mineral admixtures to concrete. A chapter on strength and durability explains the mechanisms, models, and standards related to concrete deterioration and how to mitigate carbonation, alkali-aggregate reactions, chloride attack and corrosion of reinforcement, external and internal sulphate attack, decalcification, and freeze-thaw action.

    This book is a useful reference for practicing engineers and students alike. It brings together, in one volume, information on the materials, hydration, and the strength and durability of cement and concrete with mineral admixtures. Offering a deeper understanding of mineral admixtures, it encourages engineers to more effectively use these and other wastes in cement and concrete to support more sustainable growth of the cement and construction industry.

    Pulverized Fuel Ash
    Introduction
    Classification
    Physical Characteristics
    Chemical and Mineralogical Composition
    Characteristics of PFA Produced in Fluidized Bed Combustion Process
    Characteristics of PFA Produced after Co-Combustion of Bituminous Coal and Petcoke
    Leaching Characteristics
    Radioactivity, Toxicity, and Occupational Health
    Processing for Quality Improvement and Assurance
    Processing of Unusable PFA
    Quality Control
    Addition of PFA to Cement and Concrete
    Summary

    Blast Furnace Slag
    Introduction
    Granulation of BFS
    Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
    Chemical and Mineralogical Composition of Cementitious BFS
    Quality Control
    Addition of BFS and GGBS to Cement and Concrete
    Quantitative Determination of Blast Furnace Slag in Cement
    Summary

    Silica Fume
    Introduction
    Types of Silica Fume
    Physical Characteristics
    Chemical and Mineralogical Composition
    Toxicity and Occupational Health
    Quality Control
    Addition of SF to Cement and Concrete
    Summary

    Rice Husk Ash
    Introduction
    Relevance of RHA for the Sustainability of Construction Industry
    Rice Husk
    Production
    Physical and Chemical Characteristics
    Addition of RHA to Cement and Concrete
    Summary

    Metakaolin
    Introduction
    Production
    Physical and Chemical Characteristics
    Quality Control
    Addition of Metakaolin to Cement and Concrete
    Summary

    Hydration
    Introduction
    Progress of Hydration with Time (Hydration Periods)
    Reactants in Hydration Process
    Voids in Hydrated Cement Paste
    Interrelation of the Hydration Properties of Cement and Concrete
    Properties of Concrete during Early Stages of Hydration
    Hydration Reactions and Changes in Early-Age Concrete Properties
    Summary

    Strength and Durability
    Introduction
    Designing Structures for Strength and Durability
    Concrete Strength
    Mechanisms, Models, Standards, and Mitigation of Concrete Deterioration
    Durability Indices for Performance Based Design of Structures
    Sustainable Cement and Concrete
    Summary

    New Mineral Admixtures
    Introduction
    Biomass Combustion Ash
    Calcined Wastepaper Sludge
    Electric-Arc Furnace Dust
    Sewage Sludge Ash
    Municipal Solid Waste Ash
    Summary

    References

    Index

    Biography

    Dr. Jayant D. Bapat, B.Tech., M.E., Ph.D. (IIT Delhi), currently works as an independent professional in sustainable engineering and higher education. He previously worked as principal and professor at the engineering colleges affiliated to the University of Pune, Maharashtra, India. He also held senior positions at the National Council for Cement and Building Materials (NCB), New Delhi, and Walchandnagar Industries Ltd. (WIL), Walchandnagar, Pune. He has about four decades of experience in teaching, research, and consultancy in the cement, concrete, and construction industry. He has a number of publications to his credit and is a reviewer of technical papers for international journals. His research areas of interest are cement manufacturing, durability of concrete, and utilization of industrial and agricultural wastes in building materials.