1st Edition

Lightwave Engineering

By Yasuo Kokubun Copyright 2013
    373 Pages 157 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    374 Pages 157 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Suitable as either a student text or professional reference, Lightwave Engineering addresses the behavior of electromagnetic waves and the propagation of light, which forms the basis of the wide-ranging field of optoelectronics.

    Divided into two parts, the book first gives a comprehensive introduction to lightwave engineering using plane wave and then offers an in-depth analysis of lightwave propagation in terms of electromagnetic theory. Using the language of mathematics to explain natural phenomena, the book includes numerous illustrative figures that help readers develop an intuitive understanding of light propagation. It also provides helpful equations and outlines their exact derivation and physical meaning, enabling users to acquire an analytical understanding as well. After explaining a concept, the author includes several problems that are tailored to illustrate the explanation and help explain the next concept.

    The book addresses key topics including fundamentals of interferometers and resonators, guided wave, optical fibers, and lightwave devices and circuits. It also features useful appendices that contain formulas for Fourier transform, derivation of Green's theorem, vector algebra, Gaussian function, cylindrical function, and more. Ranging from basic to more difficult, the book’s content is designed for easily adjustable application, making it equally useful for university lectures or a review of basic theory for professional engineers.

    Part I: Introduction

    Fundamentals of Optical Propagation

    Parameters and Units Used to Describe Light

    Optical Coherence

    Fundamental Equations of the Electromagnetic Fields and PlaneWaves

    Reflection and Refraction of PlaneWaves

    Polarization and Birefringence

    Propagation of a Plane Wave in a Medium with Gain and Absorption Loss

    Wave Front and Light Rays


    Fundamentals of OpticalWaveguides

    Free-Space Waves and Guided Waves

    Guided Mode and Eigenvalue Equations

    Eigenmode and Dispersion Curves

    Electromagnetic Distribution and Eigenmode Expansion

    Fundamental Properties of Multimode Waveguides

    Transmission Band of Multimode Waveguide


    Propagation of Light Beams in Free Space

    Representation of Spherical Waves and the Diffraction Phenomenon

    Fresnel Diffraction and Fraunhofer Diffraction

    Fraunhofer Diffraction of a Gaussian Beam

    Wave Front Transformation Effect of the Lens

    Fourier Transform with Lenses


    Interference and Resonators

    Principle of Two-Beam Interference

    Resonators

    Various Interferometers

    Diffraction by Gratings

    Multilayer Thin Film Interference

     

    Part II: Description of Light Propagation Through Electromagnetism

    Guided Wave Optics

    General Concept of the Guided Modes

    Fundamental Structure and Mode of the Optical Waveguide


    Optical Fibers

    Optical Fiber Modes

    Signal Propagation in Optical Fiber

    Transmission Characteristics of Distributed Index Multimode Fibers

    Optical Fiber Communication


    Propagation and Focusing of the Beam

    Gaussian Beam

    Propagation of the Gaussian Beam

    Wave Coefficient and Matrix Formalism

    Propagation of Non-Gaussian Beam

    Calculation Formula for Spot Size

    Representation by Diffraction Integral


    Basic Optical Waveguide Circuit

    Coupling by Cascade Connection of Optical Waveguides

    Optical Coupling Between Parallel Waveguides

    Merging and Branching of Optical Waveguides

    Resonators and Effective Index

    Waveguide Bends

    Polarization Characteristics

    Description of the Optical Circuit by Scattering Matrix and Transmission Matrix

    Analysis of an Optical Waveguide, Including Structure Changes in Propagation Axis Direction


    Appendix A:
    Fourier Transform Formulas

    Appendix B: Characteristics of the Delta Function

    Appendix C: Derivation of Green’s Theorem

    Appendix D: Vector Analysis Formula

    Appendix E: Infinite Integral of Gaussian Function

    Appendix F: Cylindrical Functions

    Appendix G: Hermite-Gaussian Functions

    Appendix H: Derivation of the Orthogonality of the Eigenmode

    Appendix I: Lorentz Reciprocity Theorem

    Appendix J: WKB Method

    Appendix K: Derivation of the Petermann’s Formula for the Optical Fiber Spot Size

    Appendix L: Derivation of the Coupled Mode Equation

    Appendix M: General Solution of the Coupled Mode Equation

    Appendix N: Perturbation Theory

    Biography

    Yasuo Kokubun received his B.E. degree from Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan, in 1975 and M.E. and Dr. Eng. degrees from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, in 1977 and 1980, respectively. After he worked for the Research Laboratory of Precision Machinery and Electronics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, as a research associate from 1980 to 1983, he joined the Yokohama National University as an associate professor in 1983, and is now a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. From 2006 to 2009 he served as the Dean of Faculty of Engineering and is now the Vice-President of Yokohama National University. His current research is in integrated photonics including waveguide-type functional devices and three-dimensional integrated photonics, and also in optical fibers including multi-core fibers. From 1984 to 1985 he was with AT&T Bell Laboratories as a visiting researcher studying a novel waveguide on a semiconductor substrate (ARROW) for integrated optics. From 1996 to 1999, he led the Three-dimensional microphotonics project at the Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology. Professor Kokubun is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, a Fellow of the Japan Society of Applied Physics, a Fellow of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, and a member of the Optical Society of America.