Organizing Black America: An Encyclopedia of African American Associations

A; A. Philip Randolph Institute; AFL-CIO Committee on Civil Rights; Africa Watch; African Academy of Arts and Research; African Aid Society; African American AIDS Associations; African American Lesbian and Gay Associations; African-American Lutheran Association; African-American Museums Association; African American Women's Clergy Association; African Americans for Humanism; African Blood Brotherhood for Liberation and Redemption; African Civilization Society; African Heritage Studies Association; Afro-American Council; Afro-American Federation of Labor; Afro-American Party; Afro-American Police League; Afro-American Press Association; Afro-American Republican League of Pennsylvania; Afro-American Research Institute; Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights; Alabama Council on Human Relations; Alabama Share Croppers Union; All-African People's Revolutionary Party; Alley Improvement Association, Washington, D.C.; Alpha Kappa Alpha; Alpha Phi Alpha; American Academy of Medical Directors; American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society; American Anti-Slavery Society; American Association for Affirmative Action; American Association of Blacks in Energy; American Baptist Black Caucus; American Baptist Home Missionary Society; American Church Institute for Negroes, Episcopal Church; American Citizens' Equal Rights Association; American Colonization Society; American Committee on Africa; American Council on Race Rotations; American Freedmen's Union Commission; American League of Colored Laborers; American Missionary Association; American Moral Reform Society; American National Baptist Convention; American Negro Academy; American Negro Historical Society, Philadelphia; American Negro Labor Congress; American Negro Leadership Conference on Africa; American Society of African Culture; American Teachers Association; American Tennis Association; Ancient Egyptian Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women; Arkansas Commission on Race Relations; Arkansas Council on Human Relations; Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians; Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History; Association of African and African-American Folklorists; Association of Black Admissions and Financial Aid Officers of the Ivy League and Sister Schools; Association of Black American Ambassadors; Association of Black Anthropologists; Association of Black Cardiologists; Association of Black Catholics Against Abortion; Association of Black Psychologists; Association of Black Sociologists; Association of Black Women Historians; Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools for Negroes; Association of Deans of Women and Advisers to Girls in Negro Schools; Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching; Atlanta Conferences for the Study of Negro Problems; Atlanta Negro Voters League; Atlanta Neighborhood Union; B; Baltimore: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Baltimore Association for the Moral and Educational Improvement of the Colored People; Baptist Foreign Mission Convention of the United States; Baseball Hall of Fame, Negro Leagues; Bay Area Council Against Discrimination; Bethel Literary and Historical Association; Big Eight Council on Black Student Governments; Birmingham, Alabama: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Black Academy of Arts and Letters; Black Affairs Council, Unitarian Universalist; Black and Tan Republicans; Black Caucus of the American Library Association; Black Caucus of the National Council of Teachers of English and Conference on College Composition and Communication; Black Coaches Association; Black Council, Reformed Church in America; Black Emergency Cultural Coalition; Black Entertainment and Sports Lawyers Association; Black Filmmaker Foundation; Black Gold Star Mothers; Black Methodists for Church Renewal; Black Panther Party (for Self-Defense); Black Public Relations Society of America; Black Rock Coalition; Black Stuntmen's Association; Black Women Organized for Action; Black Women Organized for Educational Development; Black Women's Educational Alliance; Black Women's Liberation Committee; Blacks in Government; Blue Circle Nurses; Boston: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Boston Literary and Historical Association; British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society; Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters; Bureau for Colored Troops; Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands; C; California Council for Civic Unity; Center for Democratic Renewal; Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association; Central Trades and Labor Assembly; Chi Eta Phi; Chicago: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Chicago Commission on Race Relations; Chicago Mayor's Committee on Race Relations; Cincinnati: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Cincinnati's Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee; CIO Committee to Abolish Racial Discrimination; Circle for Negro War Relief; Citizens' League for Fair Play; Civil Rights Congress; Cleveland: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Coalition Against Blaxploitation; Coalition of Black Trade Unionists; College Language Association; Colorado Anti-Discrimination Commission; Colored Conventions; Colored Farmers' National Alliance and Cooperative Union; Colored Knights of Pythias; Colored Merchants Association; Colored National Labor Union; Columbus, Ohio: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Comité des Citoyens; Commission for Multicultural Ministries, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America; Commission on Interracial Cooperation; Committee Against Jim Crow in Military Service and Training; Committee for Racial Justice, United Church of Christ; Committee for the Advancement of Colored Catholics; Committee for the Participation of Negroes in the National Defense; Committee for Welfare, Education, and Legal Defense; Committee on Negro Housing; Committee on Negro Troop Policies; Committee on Race and Caste in World Affairs; Community Relations Service; Conference of Church Workers Among Colored People, Episcopal Church; Conference of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant Colleges; Congress of Racial Equality; Congressional Black Caucus; Connecticut Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities; Consolidated American Baptist Missionary Convention; Coordinating Council for Negro Performers, Inc.; Council for a Black Economic Agenda; Council for Civic Unity, San Francisco; Council for United Civil Rights Leadership; Council of 1890 College Presidents; Council of Federated Organizations; Council of Social Agencies, Pasadena, California, Interracial Commission; Council on African Affairs; D; Dallas: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Dayton, Ohio: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Deacons for Defense; Delta Ministry; Delta Sigma Theta; Denver Colored Civic Association; Denver Interracial Commission; Denver Unity Council; Denver's Mayor's Interim Survey Committee on Human Relations; Department of Work for Colored People, Presbyterian Church; Detroit: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Detroit Interracial Committee; E; East Bay Negro Historical Society; Eastern Colored League; Episcopal Commission for Black Ministries; Equal Employment Opportunity Commission; Equal Suffrage League; Eta Phi Beta; F; Fahy Committee; Fair Employment Practice Committee; Fair Share Organization; Federal Council on Negro Affairs; Federated Colored Catholics of the United States; Federated Council of Churches, Department of Race Relations; Federated Council of Churches, Department of Racial and Cultural Relations; Federation of Southern Cooperatives; Fellowship of Reconciliation; Fellowship of Southern Churchmen; Florida Council on Human Relations; Fraternal Council of Negro Churches; Free African Societies; Freedmen's Aid and Southern Education Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church; Freedmen's Aid Society, London; Freedmen's Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church; Freedom and Peace Party; French American Fellowship; Friends of Negro Freedom; Fruit of Islam; G; General Commission on Religion and Race, United Methodist Church; General Education Board; Genesis Group, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints; Georgia Council on Human Relations; Gospel Music Workshop of America; Government Contract Compliance Committee; Governor's Commission on the Los Angeles Riots; Governor's Human Rights Commission, Wisconsin; Governor's Interracial Commission, Minnesota; Grand United Order of Moses; Grand United Order of Odd Fellows; Grand United Order of True Reformers; Greater New York Coordinating Committee for Employment; Guardians Association; H; Harlem Tenant League; Harmon Foundation; Haryou; Hatza'ad Harishon; Hoover's Colored Advisory Commission; Houston: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; I; Ida B.Wells Social Club; Illinois Commission on Human Relations; Illinois Department of Human Rights; Illinois Equal Employment Opportunity Commission; Illinois Interracial Commission; Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of the Elks of the World; Independent National Funeral Directors Association; Independent Order of Good Templars; Independent Order of St. Luke; Indianapolis: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Indianapolis Community Relations Council; Institute for Black Family Development; Intercollegiate Pentecostal Conference International; International Association of African and American Black Business People; International Association of Black Business Educators; International Association of Black Professional Fire Fighters; International Baseball League; International Black Writers and Artists; International Brotherhood of Red Caps; International Council of Women of the Darker Races; International Fellowship of Black Pentecostal Churches, Intercollegiate Pentecostal Conference International; International League; International Migration Society; International Rhythm and Blues Association; International Working People's Association; Interreligious Foundation for Community Organization; Interscholastic Athletic Association; Interstate Dental Association; Iota Phi Lambda; Iota Phi Theta; J; Jack and Jill of America, Inc.; Jackie Robinson Foundation; Jacksonville, Florida: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Jazz Composers Guild; Jeanes Fund; John F.Slater Fund; Joint Committee on National Recovery; Julia Ward Howe Republican Women's Club; Julius Rosenwald Fund; K; Kansas Commission on Civil Rights; Kansas Human Rights Commission; Kappa Alpha Psi; Knights of Peter Claver; L; Langston Hughes Society; Leadership Conference for Civil Rights; League of Colored Baseball Clubs; League of Revolutionary Black Workers; League of Struggle for Negro Rights; League of Women for Community Service, Boston; Liberian Development Association; Liberty Party; Library Company of Colored Persons, Philadelphia; The Links Incorporated; Little Rock, Arkansas: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; London Emancipation Society; Lone Star Medical, Dental, and Pharmaceutical Association; Los Angeles: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Lott Carey Baptist Foreign Mission Convention; Louisiana Council on Human Relations; Louisville, Kentucky: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Lynn Committee to Abolish Segregation in the Armed Forces; M; Malcolm X Society; Manumission Societies; March on Washington Committee; Massachusetts Commission Against Discrimination; Massachusetts General Colored Association; Medical Committee for Human Rights; Medico-Chirurgical Society, Washington, D.C.; Memphis: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Memphis Lyceum; Miami: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Michigan Commission on Civil Rights; Michigan Committee for Intercultural Understanding; Middle States Baseball League; Milwaukee: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Milwaukee's Mayor's Commission on Human Rights; Ministers for Racial and Social Justice; Minneapolis' Mayor's Council on Human Relations; Minnesota Fair Employment Practice Commission; Minority Business Development Agency; Minority Women in Science; Mississippi Council on Human Relations; Mississippi freedom Democratic Party; Mississippi Progressive Voters' League; Montgomery Improvement Association; Moorish Science Temple of America; Mosaic Templars of America; Move; Mutual Musicians' Foundation; N; Nashville: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Nashville Student Movement; Nation of Islam; National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering; National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders (Kerner Commission); National Advisory Committee on Black Higher Education and Black Colleges and Universities; National Afro-American League; National Airmen's Association of America; National Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression; National Alliance of Black Organizations; National Alliance of Black School Educators; National Alliance of Postal Employees; National Association for African American Heritage Preservation; National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education; National Association for the Advancement of Black Americans in Vocational Education; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; National Association for the Promotion of Trade Unionism Among Negroes; National Association for the Relief of Destitute Colored Women and Children; National Association of African American Studies; National Association of Black Accountants; National Association of Black Geologists and Geophysicists; National Association of Black Journalists; National Association of Black Real Estate Professionals; National Association of Black Social Workers; National Association of Black Storytellers; National Association of Black Women Attorneys; National Association of Black Women Entrepreneurs; National Association of Blacks in Criminal Justice; National Association of College Deans, Registrars, and Admissions Officers; National Association of College Women; National Association of Colored Girls; National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses; National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc.; National Association of Extension Home Economists; National Association of Health Services Executives; National Association of Human Rights Workers; National Association of Management Consultants; National Association of Market Developers; National Association of Minority Architects; National Association of Minority Women in Business; National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs; National Association of Negro Musicians; National Association of Personnel Deans and Advisers of Men in Negro Institutions; National Association of Personnel Workers; National Association of Real Estate Brokers; National Association of Securities Professionals; National Baptist Convention of America; National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.; National Baptist Educational Convention; National Bar Association; National Black Catholic Clergy Caucus; National Black Catholic Congress; National Black Catholic Lay Caucus; National Black Catholic Seminarian Association; National Black Caucus of Local Elected Officials; National Black Caucus of State Legislators; National Black Chambers of Commerce; National Black Coalition of Federal Aviation Employees; National Black Evangelical Association; National Black Feminist Organization; National Black Leadership Roundtable; National Black MBA Association; National Black McDonald's Operators Association; National Black Music Caucus of the Music Educators National Conference; National Black Police Association; National Black Presbyterian Caucus; National Black Sisters' Conference; National Black Women's Health Project; National Black Women's Political Leadership Caucus; National Bowling Association; National Brotherhood Workers of America; National Business League; National Citizens' Rights Association; National Civil Rights Committee of the American Veterans Committee; National Coalition of Black Meeting Planners; National Coalition of 100 Black Women; National Committee Against Discrimination in Housing; National Committee of Negro Veteran Relief; National Committee on Segregation in the Nation's Capital; National Committee to Abolish the Poll Tax; National Conference of Black Churchmen; National Conference of Black Lawyers; National Conference of Editorial Writers; National Congress of Colored Parents and Teachers; National Council for a Permanent FEPC; National Council for Black Studies; National Council of Churches, Commission on Religion and Race; National Council of Negro Women; National Council of Negro Youth; National Democratic Party of Alabama; National Dental Association; National Domestic Workers Union; National Economic Association; National Equal Rights League; National Forum for Black Public Administrators; National Freedmen's Relief Association; National Funeral Directors and Morticians Association; National Health Circle for Colored People; National Hospital Association; National Institute of Science; National Insurance Association; National Interscholastic Basketball Tournament; National Lawyers Guild; National Medical Association; National Negro Baseball Leagues; National Negro Congress; National Negro Labor Council; National Newspaper Publishers Association; National Office for Black Catholics; National Optometric Association; National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers; National Organization of Black County Officials; National Pan-Hellenic Council, Inc.; National Pharmaceutical Association; National Political Congress of Black Women; National Rainbow Coalition; National Society of Black Engineers; National Society of Black Physicists; National Student Association; National Technical Association; National Urban League; National Welfare Rights Organization; National Women's Committee for Civil Rights; National Youth Administration, Office of Negro Affairs; Negro Actors Guild of America; Negro Airmen International; Negro American Labor Council; Negro American League; Negro Christian Student Conference; Negro Equity League of San Francisco; Negro Fellowship League; Negro Industrial and Clerical Alliance; Negro Labor Committee; Negro Medical Association of Virginia; Negro National League; Negro Railway Labor Executives Committee; Negro Rural School Fund; Negro Service Committee of the United Service Organizations; Negro Society for Historical Research; Negro Southern League; Negro Theatre Guild; New England Anti-Slavery Society; New England Freedmen's Aid Society; New Negro Alliance; New York African Clarkson Association; New York City: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; New York City Commission on Human Rights; New York Mayor's Commission on Conditions in Harlem; New York State Commission Against Discrimination; New York's Mayor's Committee on Unity; Niagara Movement; Norfolk, Virginia: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; North Carolina Council on Human Relations; Northern Student Movement; Northwestern Freedmen's Aid Commission; O; Oblate Sisters of Providence; Odd Fellows; Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs; Office of Minority Business Development; Office of Production Management, Minorities (or Minority Groups) Branch; Ohio Commission for Fair Employment Practices Legislation; Old Dominion Medical Society; Old North State Medical, Dental, and Pharmaceutical Society; Omaha, Nebraska: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; 100 Black Men of America, Inc.; One Hundred Men; Operation Breadbasket; Order of Moses; Order of St. Luke; Order of the Eastern Star; Oregon Civil Rights Advisory Committee; Oregon Fair Employment Practices Advisory Committee; Oregon Human Rights Advisory Council; Organization of Afro-American Unity; Organization of Black Airline Pilots; Organization of Black Episcopal Seminarians; Organization off Black Screenwriters, Inc.; P; Palmetto State Medical Association; Pan-African Congress; Partners for Progress; Peabody Education Fund; Peace and freedom Party; Peace Mission Movement; Pennsylvania Fteedmen's Relief Association; People United to Save Humanity; Phelps-Stokes Fund; Phi Beta Sigma; Philadelphia: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Phoenix: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Phyllis Wheatley Women's Clubs and Homes; Pittsburgh: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Poor People's Campaign; Potomac Institute; Presbyterian Church Committee on Missions to Freedmen; President's Commission on Campus Unrest; President's Committee on Civil Rights; President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity; President's Committee on Equal Opportunity in Housing; President's Committee on Equality of Opportunity in the Armed Forces (The Gesell Committee); President's Committee on Equality of treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Forces (The Fahy Committee); President's Committee on Fair Employment Practice; President's Committee on Government Contracts; President's Committee on Government Employment Policy; President's Initiative on Race; Prince Hall Masons; Progressive National Baptist Convention; Provisional Committee to Organize Colored Locomotive Firemen; R; Railway Men's International Benevolent Industrial Association; Rainbow Coalition; Readjusters; Reformed Church in America, Black Council; Reparations Committee of Descendants of U.S. Slaves, Inc.; Richmond, Virginia: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Richmond Medical Society; Robert Tanner Freeman Dental Society; S; St. Louis: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; San Francisco: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Savannah: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Savannah Education Association; Save Our Schools; Seattle: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Seattle Civic Unity Committee; Secretariat for Black Catholics; Secretary for Negro Work, Episcopal Church; Sickle Cell Disease Association of America, Inc.; Sigma Gamma Rho; Sigma Pi Phi; Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament for Indians and Colored People; Sisters of the Holy Family; Slater Fund; Social Workers' Club; Society for the Collection of Negro Folk Lore, Boston; Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage; Society for the Study of Black Religion; Society of Black Composers; Society of the Divine Word; Sojourner Truth Citizens Committee; South Carolina Committee on Interracial Cooperation; South Carolina Council for Human Rights; South Carolina Council on Human Relations; Southern Christian Leadership Conference; Southern Coalition for Educational Equity; Southern Commission on the Study of Lynching; Southern Conference Educational Fund; Southern Conference for Human Welfare; Southern Conference on Afro-American Studies; Southern Education Foundation; Southern Legislative Research Council; Southern Negro Youth Congress; Southern Organization for United Leadership; Southern Organizing Committee for Economic and Social Justice; Southern Poverty Law Center; Southern Regional Council; Southern Society for the Promotion of the Study of Race Conditions and Problems in the South; Southern Sociological Congress; Southern Student Human Relations Project; Southern Tenant Farmers' Union; Special Committee on Negroes and Economic Reconstruction; State Council for a Pennsylvania Fair Employment Practices Commission; Student National Pharmaceutical Association; Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee; T; Tennessee Council on Human Relations; Theater Owners Booking Association; Topeka, Kansas: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Trade Union Leadership Council; Trade Union Unity League; TransAfrica; Tri-State Dental Association of DC, VA, MD; Tuskegee Conference; Twelve Knights of Tabor; U; Union League; Union of Black Clergy and Laity; Union of Black Episcopalians; United African Nationalist Movement; United Auto Workers: Fair Practices and Anti-Discrimination Department; United Black Christians, United Church of Christ Inc.; United Black Churchmen, United Church of Christ Inc.; United Brothers of Friendship and Sisters of the Mysterious Ten; United Colored Democracy; United Golfers Association; United Lutherans for Black Concerns; United Negro and Allied Veterans of America, Inc.; United Negro Bus Strike Committee; United Negro College Fund; United Slaves; United States Commission on Civil Rights; United States Student Association; United Transatlantic Society; United Transport Service Employees of America; Universal African Nationalist Movement; Universal Association of Ethiopian Women; Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League; University Commission on Southern Race Questions; Urban League; Us; V; Virginia Council on Human Relations; Visions Foundation; Voter Education Project; W; War Manpower Commission, Negro Manpower Service; War Production Board, Negro Employment and Training Branch; Washington, D.C.: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; Washington State Board Against Discrimination in Employment; Washington State Fair Employment Practices Committee; West Coast Baseball Association; Western Freedmen's Aid Commission; Women Wage Earner's Association; Women's Christian Temperance Union, Department of Colored Work; Women's Day Workers and Industrial League; Women's International League for Peace and Freedom; Women's Missionary Society, African Methodist Episcopal Church; Women's Volunteer Service League; Y; Young Men's Christian Association, Colored Work Department; Young Women's Christian Association, Council on Colored Work; Z; Zeta Phi Beta; Zora Neale Hurston Society; Addendum; National Association of Black Scuba Divers; National Association of Minority Contractors; National Bankers Association; National Black Media Coalition; National Black Youth Leadership Council; National Caucus and Center on Black Aged; National Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gay Men; National Coalition on Black Voter Participation; National Colored Spiritual Association of Churches, Inc.; National Conference of Black Mayors; National Conference of Black Political Scientists; National Congress of Black Faculty; National Hook-Up of Black Women; New Orleans: Civic, Literary, and Mutual Aid Associations; New Orleans Community Relations Council

Biography

Nina Mjagkij

"This encyclopedia is an essential work and is highly recommended for all libraries." -- American Reference Books Annual
"An alphabetically arranged collection of 576 signed articles, each of which discusses the history, key players, achievements, and even failures of the featured association. This extensive work will enhance any library's African American history collection." -- The New York Public Library selection, The Best of Reference from 2001
"This is a unique reference...Fact filled and accessible, this book will be useful for both public and academic libraries." -- Against the Grain
"The most comprehensive volume documenting the history of associations established by African Americans in the United States. It's a one-of-a-kind publication... An excellent reference work. I recommend it for all medium-sized to large academic and public libraries." -- Reference & User Services Quarterly
"The scope of this encyclopedia is unparalleled... Organizing Black America provides detailed information on defunct organizations that were, until now, spread across sundry historical books and African American biographies. All public and academic libraries with patrons interested in African American history will find [this book] a worthwhile purchase... Most of the coverage is not duplicated in other reference sources... The entries are scholarly in content yet should be clear to both the general reader and the African American history scholar." -- Booklist/RBB
"Mjagkij offers the first source to concentrate in depth on [this subject]...An index and thorough cross-referencing facilitate the usefulness of this source...Highly recommended for undergraduates and above." -- Choice
"An example of excellent scholarship on the part of Mjagkij and her 183 contributors, this unique guide to African-American studies and American history is highly recommended for academic and medium to large public libraries." -- John Lawrence, Gale Reference Reviews