Carcinogens, like chemicals with other toxic hazards, often produce adverse effects only in specific organs or tissues. The factors determining whether a chemical induces cancer in an organ range from simple toxicokinetics to complex phenomena such as expression or lack of expression of specific genes.; This volume examines the site-specific factors involved in carcinogenesis in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, urinary bladder, respiratory system, skin, nervous system, male reproductive system, and haematopoietic system. For each organ, the book provides current information on chemicals causally associated with cancer, mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and pathophysiology of induced tumours, and identifies the processes determining susceptibility in the organ. Full consideration is also given to the procedures used in animal carcinogenesis studies and the extrapolation of the results to humans.

    Preface 1. General Principles of Chemical Carcinogenesis 2. Chemicals Causally Associated with Cancers in Humans and in Laboratory Animals: A Perfect Concordance 3. Hepatocarcinogenesis in the Rat 4. Susceptibility Factors of Gastrointestinal Tract Carcinogenesis 5. Renal Carcinogenesis 6. Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis in the Rodent 7. Chemically Associated Respiratory Carcinogenesis in Rodents and in Humans 8. Upper Respiratory Tract Carcinogenesis in Experimental Animals and in Humans 9. Multistage Skin Carcinogenesis in Mice 10. Neurocarcinogenesis 11. Male Reproductive System 12. Carcinogenesis of the Hematopoietic System 13. Pathology Procedures in Laboratory Animal Carcinogenesis Studies

    Biography

    Michael P. Waalkes, Ph.D. Chief, Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis. National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center. Frederick, Maryland. Jerrold M. Ward, d.v.m., ph.d. Chief Veterinary and Tumor Pathology Section, Office of Laboratory Animal Science, National Cancer Institute Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center Frederick, Maryland.