1st Edition
Environmental Information Management And Analysis Ecosystem To Global Scales
Most environmental studies are based upon data collected at fine spatial scales plots, sediments, cores, etc.. Furthermore, temporal scales of these studies have been relatively short days, weeks, months and few studies have exceeded three years duration the typical funding cycle.; Despite this history, environmental scientists are now being called upon to extrapolate findings from "plot-level" studies to broader spatial scales and from short-term studies to longer temporal scales, up to decades for questions related to long-term processes such as global warming and the rise in sea level.; The complex questions being addressed internationally require that scientists take advantage of new technologies including remote sensing, geographic information systems GIS, and powerful climatic and environmental simulation models. As more environmental scientists begin to work at these broader spatial and temporal scales, and to utilize many of the newer technologies, they are recognising a whole new class of problems.; This book aims to address the most pertinent issues, and includes a comprehensive review of selected topics, case studies, and theoretical discussions, divided into seven sections each preceded by a brief introduction.
List of figures
List of tables
Preface
Contributors
A RESEARCH PERSPECTIVE
Integration of scientific information management and environmental research
Susan G. Stafford, James W. Brunt and William K. Michener
Grand challenges in scaling up environmental research
James H. Brown
Sustainable Biosphere Initiative: Data management challenges
James R. Gosz
Multiple roles for GIS in global change research: Towards a research agenda
Dennis E. Jelinski, Michael F. Goodchild and Louis T. Steyaert
SCIENTIFIC DATABASES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Scientific information systems: A conceptual framework
Donald E. Strebel, Blanche W. Meeson and Alan K. Nelson
Development and refinement of the Konza Prairie LTER Research Information Management Program
John M. Briggs and Haiping Su
Forest health monitoring case study
Charles I. Liff, Kurt H. Riiters and Karl A. Hermann
Bigfoot: An earth science computing environment for the Sequoia 2000 Project
James Frew
Representing spatial change in environmental databases
John L. Pflatz and James C. French
QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL
Automated smoothing techniques for visualization and quality control of long-term environmental
Scott E. Chapal and Don Edwards
Spatial sampling to assess classification accuracy of remotely sensed data
Gretchen G. Moisen, Thomas C. Edwards, Jr and D. Richard Cutler
Metadata required to determine the fitness of spatial data for use in environmental analysis
Nicholas R. Chrisman
DATA SHARING ISSUES
Circumventing a dilemma: Historical approaches to data sharing in ecological research
John H. Porter and James T. Callahan
Sharing spatial environmental information across agencies, regions and scales: Issues and solutions
John Evans
Standards for integration of multisource and cross-media environmental data
Rodney L. Slagle
DATABASES FOR BROAD-SCALE RESEARCH
Alternative approaches for mapping vegetation quantities using ground and image data
Jennifer L. Dungan, David L. Peterson and Paul J. Curran
Global biosphere requirements for general circulation models
Bruce P. Hayden
Evaluation of soil database attributes in a terrestrial carbon cycle model: Implications for global change research
Christopher S. Potter, Pamela A. Matson and Peter M. Vitousek
Designing global land cover databases to maximize utility: The US prototype
Bradley C. Reed, Thomas E. Loveland, Louis T. Steyaert, Jesslyn F. Brown, James W. Merchant and Donald O. Ohlen
Global environmental characterization: Lessons from the NOAA-EPA Global Ecosystems Database Project
John J. Kineman and Donald L. Phillips
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Integrating geographic information systems and environmental simulation models: A status review
Louis T. Steyaert and Michael F. Goodchild
Data management and simulation modelling
Thomas B. Kirchner
GIS and spatial analysis for ecological modelling
Richard J. Aspinall
Linking ecological simulation models to geographic information systems: An automated solution
Martha B. Coleman, Tamara L. Bearly, Ingrid C. Burke and William K. Lauenroth
Comparison of spatial analytic applications of GIS
David P. Lanter
NEW ANALYTICAL APPROACHES
GIS development to support regional simulation modelling of north-eastern (USA) forest ecosystems
Richard G. Lathrop, Jr., John D. Aber, John A. Bognar, Scott V. Ollinger, Stephane Casset and Jennifer M. Ellis
Remote sensing and GIS techniques for spatial and biophysical analyses of alpine treeline through process and empirical models
Daniel G. Brown, David M. Cairns, George P. Malanson, Stephen J. Walsh and David R. Butler
Using a GIS to model the effects of land use on carbon storage in the forests of the Pacific Northwest, USA
Warren B. Cohen, Phillip Sollins, Peter Homann, William K. Ferrell, Mark E. Harmon, David O. Wallin and Maria Fiorella
Coupling of process-based vegetation models to GIS and knowledge-based systems for analysis of vegetation change
David Miller
A knowledge-based approach to the management of geographic information systems for simulation of forested ecosystems
D. Scott Mackay, Vincent B. Robinson and Lawrence E. Band
Detecting fine-scale disturbance in forested ecosystems as measured by large-scale landscape patterns
G. A. Bradshaw and Steven L. Garman
Subject index
Biography
Michener, W K; Brunt, J W; Stafford, S G