1st Edition

Arctic and Alpine Environments

Edited By Jack D. Ives, Roger G. Barry Copyright 1974
    1070 Pages
    by Routledge

    1070 Pages
    by Routledge

    Originally published in 1974, Arctic and Alpine Environments examines, the relatively simple ecosystems of arctic and alpine lands that still occupy extensive areas little disturbed by modern technology. The book argues that there is a necessity for carefully controlled development of the resources of these regions and suggests that there is a risk of irreversible disturbance without full understanding of these regions. This book provides a detailed documentation of cold-stressed arctic and alpine terrestrial environments and systematically deals with the present and past physical environment – climate, hydrology and glaciology; biota – treeline, vegetation, vertebrate zoology, and historical biogeography; abiotic processes – geomorphological and pedological and the role of man – bioclimatology, archaeology and technological impact, including radioecology. The book will appeal to academics and students of environmental and biological science, as well as providing a significant source for conservationists’, government agencies and industrial organizations.

    List of Plates

    Acknowledgements

    Preface

    1. Introduction, Roger G. Barry and Jack D. Ives

    Part I: Present Environments

    2. Climate

    2a. Arctic Climate, Roger G. Barry and F. Kenneth Hare

    2b. Contribution to the Comparative Meteorology of Mountain Area, Hermann Flohn

    2c. Topo-and Microclimatology in Alpine Areas, Roger G. Barry and Claudia C. Van Wie

    2d. Snow, Donald Alford

    3. Hydrology,

    3a. Arctic Hydrology, Donald K. MacKay and Olav H. Løken

    3b. Alpine Hydrology, H. Olav Slaymaker

    4. Ice

    4a. Permafrost, Jack D. Ives

    4b. Present Arctic Ice Cover, Geoffrey Hattersley-Smith

    4c. Present Alpine Ice Cover, Gunnar Østrem

    Part II: Past Environments

    5. Palaeoclimatology, James A. Larsen and Roger G. Barry

    6. History of Glaciation

    6a. Cainzoic Glaciations and Crustal Movements of the Arctic, John T. Andrews

    6b. Alpine Quaternary Glaciation, Helmut Heuberger

    Part III: Present Biota

    7. Treeline

    7a. Ecology of the Northern Continental Forest Border, James A. Larsen

    7b. Alpine Timberlines, Peter Wardle

    8. Vegetation

    8a. Arctic and Alpine Vegetation: Plant Adaptation to Cold Summer Climates, W. Dwight Billings

    8b. Tundra Primary Productivity, Patrick J. Webber

    9. Terrestrial Vertebrates, Robert S. Hoffmann

    Part IV: Development of Biota

    10. Historical Plant Geography

    10a. Origin and Evolution of the Arctic and Alpine Floras, Áskell Löve and Doris Löve

    10b. Biological Refugia and the Nunatak Hypothesis, Jack D. Ives

    11. Palaeoecology and Palaeozoogeography

    11a. Arctic North American Palaeoecology: The Recent History of Vegetation and Climate Deduced From Pollen Analysis, Harvey Nichols

    11b. Palaeolithic Players on the American Stage: Man’s Impact on the Late Pleistocene Megafauna, Paul S. Martin

    Part V: Abiotic Processes

    12. Geomorphic Processes

    12a. Geomorphic Processes in the Arctic, J. Brain Bird

    12b. The Geomorphic Processes of the Alpine Environment, Nel Caine

    13. Soils

    13a. Arctic Soils, Samuel Rieger

    13b. Alpine Soils, John L. Retzer

    Part VI: Man in Cold Environments

    14. Bioclimatology

    14a. Physiological Responses to Cold Environments, Claudia C. Van Wie

    14b. Man Living at High Altitudes, Robert F. Grover

    15. Archaeology

    15a. The Peopling of Arctic North America, Robert McGhee

    15b. Prehistoric Occupation of the Alpine Zone in the Rocky Mountains, Wilfred M. Husted

    Part VII: Man’s Impact on the Environment

    16. Radioecology, William S. Osburn Jr

    17. The Impact of Twentieth-Century Technology

    17a. Small-Scale Examples

    17a.1. The Impact of Motor Vehicles, Jack D. Ives

    17a.2. The Snowmobile in Eskimo Culture, William S. Osburn Jr

    17a.3. The Snowmobile, Lapps and Reindeer Herding in Finnish Lapland, Ludger Müller-Wille

    17a.4. The Impact of Man as a Biped, Jack D. Ives

    17b. Large-Scale Examples, William S. Osburn Jr

    18. Postscript, Jack D. Ives and Roger G. Barry

    Glossary

    Index

    Biography

    Jack D. Ives, Roger G. Barry