1st Edition

Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects

By Debaprasad Das, Hafizur Rahaman Copyright 2015
    196 Pages
    by CRC Press

    196 Pages 20 Color & 108 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    196 Pages 20 Color & 108 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    An Alternative to Copper-Based Interconnect Technology

    With an increase in demand for more circuit components on a single chip, there is a growing need for nanoelectronic devices and their interconnects (a physical connecting medium made of thin metal films between several electrical nodes in a semiconducting chip that transmit signals from one point to another without any distortion). Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects explores two new important carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene nanoribbon (GNR), and compares them with that of copper-based interconnects. These nanomaterials show almost 1,000 times more current-carrying capacity and significantly higher mean free path than copper. Due to their remarkable properties, CNT and GNR could soon replace traditional copper interconnects. Dedicated to proving their benefits, this book covers the basic theory of CNT and GNR, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the CNT- and GNR-based VLSI interconnects at nanometric dimensions.

    Explore the Potential Applications of CNT and Graphene for VLSI Circuits

    The book starts off with a brief introduction of carbon nanomaterials, discusses the latest research, and details the modeling and analysis of CNT and GNR interconnects. It also describes the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, and structural behavior of these materials. In addition, it chronicles the progression of these fundamental properties, explores possible engineering applications and growth technologies, and considers applications for CNT and GNR apart from their use in VLSI circuits.

    Comprising eight chapters this text:

    • Covers the basics of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon
    • Discusses the growth and characterization of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon
    • Presents the modeling of CNT and GNR as future VLSI interconnects
    • Examines the applicability of CNT and GNR in terms of several analysis works
    • Addresses the timing and frequency response of the CNT and GNR interconnects
    • Explores the signal integrity analysis for CNT and GNR interconnects
    • Models and analyzes the applicability of CNT and GNR as power interconnects
    • Considers the future scope of CNT and GNR

    Beneficial to VLSI designers working in this area, Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects provides a complete understanding of carbon-based materials and interconnect technology, and equips the reader with sufficient knowledge about the future scope of research and development for this emerging topic.

    Introduction to Allotropes of Carbon Nanomaterials

    Introduction to Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon

    Graphene

    Graphene Nanoribbon

    Carbon Nanotube

    Single-Walled CNT

    Multiwalled CNT

    Properties of CNT

    Growth of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoribbon

    Introduction

    Works Related to CNT and GNR Technologies

    Works on Modeling and Analysis of CNT- and GNR-Based Interconnects

    Works Related to CNT- and GNR- Based Field-Effect Transistors

    Practical Circuits

    Summary

    Modeling of CNT and GNR Interconnects

    Introduction

    Single-Walled CNT

    Multiwalled CNT

    SWCNT Bundle

    MWCNT Bundle

    Modeling of Graphene Nanoribbon

    Modeling of Copper Interconnects

    Interconnect Parameters

    Summary

    Timing Analysis in CNT Interconnects

    Introduction

    CNT Model with PTV Variations

    Performance Study at the System Level

    Summary

    RF and Stability Analyses in CNT and GNR Interconnects

    Introduction

    RF Performance Analysis

    Frequency Domain Response of CNT Interconnects

    RF Simulation Setup

    RF Simulation Results and Discussions

    Frequency Domain Response of GNR Interconnects

    Stability of CNT and GNR Interconnects

    Summary

    Signal Integrity in CNT and GNR Interconnects

    Introduction

    Crosstalk Analysis in Coupled Interconnect System

    Gate Oxide Reliability Model

    Results of Gate Oxide Reliability Analysis for CNT-Based Interconnects

    Analysis for Different Configurations of MWCNT-Based Interconnects

    Discussions on Noise and Overshoot/Undershoot Analysis

    Analysis of GNR Interconnects

    Analysis of Delay Uncertainty due to Crosstalk

    Summary

    Applicability of CNT and GNR as Power Interconnects

    Introduction

    IR Drop Analysis in CNT-Based PDN

    SSN Analysis in GNR and CNT-Based PDN

    Simulation Results

    IR Drop-Induced Delay-Fault Modeling

    Summary

    Future Applications of CNT and GNR

    Introduction

    Applications of CNT and GNR

    Summary

    References

    Index

    Biography

    Dr. Debaprasad Das received a bachelor’s (honors) degree in physics in 1995, a bachelor’s degree in radio physics and electronics in 1998, a master’s degree in electronics and telecommunication engineering in 2006, and a PhD in engineering in 2013 from the Vidyasagar University, University of Calcutta, Jadavpur University, and Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, respectively. Presently, he is working as an associate professor and head in the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Assam University, Silchar, India. He has authored or coauthored several research papers in national and international journals and conferences, and authored four books.

    Dr. Hafizur Rahaman received a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from Bengal Engineering College, India, in 1986, and a master’s degree in electrical engineering and a PhD in computer science and engineering from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India, in 1988 and 2003, respectively. He is a full professor of the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, West Bengal, India. His research interests include VLSI design and test, CAD for micro-fluidic biochips, emerging nanotechnologies, and reversible computing. He has published more than 280 research articles in archival journals and refereed conference proceedings.

    "The book, Caron Nanotube and Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects, authored by Drs. Debapraad Das and Hafizur Rahaman serves as a good source of material on CNT and GNR interconnects for readers who wish to get into this area and also for practicing engineers who would like to be updated in advances of this field."
    —Prof. Ashok Srivastava, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA

    "Mathematical analysis included in each and every chapter is the main strength of the materials. ... The book is very precise and useful for those who are working in this area. ... highly focused, very compact, and easy to apply. ... This book depicts a detailed analysis and modelling of carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon interconnects. The book also covers the electrical circuit modelling of carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons."
    —Prof. Chandan Kumar Sarkar, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India