Traditional methods of biometric analysis are unable to overcome the limitations of existing approaches, mainly due to the lack of standards for input data, privacy concerns involving use and storage of actual biometric data, and unacceptable accuracy. Exploring solutions to inverse problems in biometrics transcends such limits and allows rich analysis of biometric information and systems for improved performance and testing. Although some particular inverse problems appear in the literature, until now there has been no comprehensive reference for these problems.

    Biometric Inverse Problems provides the first comprehensive treatment of biometric data synthesis and modeling. This groundbreaking reference comprises eight self-contained chapters that cover the principles of biometric inverse problems; basics of data structure design; new automatic synthetic signature, fingerprint, and iris design; synthetic faces and DNA; and new tools for biometrics based on Voronoi diagrams. Based on the authors' vast experience in the field, the book authoritatively examines new approaches and methodologies in both direct and inverse biometrics, providing invaluable analytical and benchmarking tools. The authors include case studies, examples, and implementation codes for practical illustration of the methods.

    Loaded with approximately 200 figures, 60 problems, 50 MATLAB® code fragments, and 200 examples, Biometric Inverse Problems sets the standard for innovation and authority in biometric data synthesis, modeling, and analysis.

    Preface
    Acknowledgements
    INTRODUCTION TO THE INVERSE PROBLEMS OF BIOMETRICS
    Attacks on Biometric Systems
    Classical Direct and Inverse Problems
    Direct and Inverse Problems of Biometrics
    Basic Notion of Biometric Data
    Examples of Synthetic Biometric Data
    Conversating of Biometric Information
    Design of Biometric Devices and Systems
    Applications of Inverse Biometrics
    Ethical and Social Aspects of Inverse Biometrics
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    BASICS OF SYNTHETIC BIOMETRIC DATA STRUCTURE DESIGN
    Basic Concepts of Synthetic Biometric Data Structure Design
    Synthesis Strategies
    Information Carried by Biometric Data
    Generation of Random Biometric Attributes
    Degradation Model in Synthesis of Biometric Data
    Image Warping
    Deformation by Interpolation and Approximation
    Extracting and Generating Features
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    SYNTHETIC SIGNATURES
    Introduction
    Basics of Signature Synthesis
    Signature Synthesis Techniques
    Statistically Meaningful Synthesis
    Implementation
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    SYNTHETIC FINGERPRINTS
    Introduction
    Modeling a Fingerprint
    Extraction of Features
    Library of Topological Primitives
    Local Generators: Fingerprint Primitives
    Global Generators: Orientation Map
    Polar Transformation of Orientation Map
    Generating Synthetic Fingerprint Images from an Orientation Map
    Other Global Topological Models
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    SYNTHETIC FACES
    Introduction to Facial Expressions Design
    Modeling of Facial Expressions
    Facial Topology Transformation and Manipulation
    Local Facial Models
    Facial Synthesizers
    Automated Support of Deceit Detection
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    SYNTHETIC IRIS
    State-of-the-Art Iris Synthesis
    Eye Model
    Iris Image Processing
    Iris Synthesis by Transformation
    Iris Synthesis by Assembling
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    BIOMETRIC DATA STRUCTURE REPRESENTATION BY VORONOI DIAGRAMS
    Voronoi Data Structure
    Basics of Voronoi Diagram Technique
    Direct and Inverse Voronoi Transform
    Properties
    Voronoi Data Structure in Topological Analysis and Synthesis
    Topological Compatibility of the Voronoi Diagram
    Implementing the Discrete Voronoi Transform with a Distance Transform
    Calculating Area Voronoi Diagrams using Nearest-Neighbor Transform
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    SYNTHETIC DNA
    Introduction
    Basics of DNA Biometrics
    DNA/Protein Synthesis Techniques
    Examples of Markov Models
    Postprocessing: Pairwise Alignments
    Algorithm for Sequence Generation
    Summary
    Problems
    Further Reading
    References
    INDEX

    Biography

    Svetlana N. Yanushkevich, Adrian Stoica, Vlad P. Shmerko, Denis V. Popel, Elizabeth Lynn

    "It should be noted that any solution to an inverse problem in any field helps better understand the direct problem and can give more benefits, for example, reconstruction of an object in topography. This book is the first compiled work in this direction … written in a reader-friendly style … the material is well structured and illustrated. In particular, examples are short, clear, and well placed; summaries give the quintessence of each chapter; problems are useful for detail study. I found especially useful the recommendations and comments for further reading provided in each chapter … this book can be recognized as an important event in the biometric community and related areas, including pattern recognition."
    -Patrick S. Wang, IAPR (International Association for Pattern Recognition) Newsletter, Vol. 28, No. 4, October 2006