Extracted from Appendix D of Boehm to which the reader is referred for further detail and references
Notes:Sr = Reference size, in same units as S Range values.
All costs adjusted for M&S index = 800.
For fans and blowers flow is in normal m3/s (at 0°C and 1.0 bar).
m3/min denotes cubic meters per minute of feed flow .
FOB indicates "free on board," i.e., excluding transportation.
PUMPS, FANS, BLOWERS AND COMPRESSORS
COMPONENT | SYSTEM DESCRIPTION | m |
Cr [k$] |
Sr |
S r Range, Units |
Comments |
PUMP | Centrifugal, horizontal, 50-ft head, cast iron, radial flow, no motor, FOB. | 0.26 |
2 |
10 |
0.2 to 16 kW |
|
0.43 |
5.3 |
100 |
16 to 400 kW |
|||
0.34 |
3.2 |
0.5 |
0.05 to 30 m3/min |
|||
Same as above but with motor. | 0.39 |
2.5 |
10 |
1 to 23 kW |
||
0.58 |
7.5 |
100 |
23 to 250 kW |
|||
0.59 |
4.3 |
1 |
0.04 to 30 m3/min |
|||
Positive
displacement, Pin =150 psi, Pout <1000 psi, no motor, gears, cast iron, FOB. |
0.52 |
4 |
10 |
1 to 70 kW |
Factors for
different outlet pressure: Pout = 5000 to 10000 psi, x2.5 |
|
FAN | Centrifugal, radial bladed, 2.5 kPa, delivered, no motor | 0.78 |
5.3 |
10 |
2 to 100 m3/s |
|
As above but with motor | 0.93 |
9.3 |
10 |
2 to 50 m3/s |
||
Propeller with motor, FOB. | 0.58 |
0.45 |
1 |
0.5 to 6 m3/s |
||
0.36 |
1.5 |
10 |
6 to 50 m3/s |
|||
BLOWER | Centrifugal, 28 kPa, delivered, no motor. | 0.61 |
160 |
30 |
12 to 70 m3/s |
With motor, drive: 1.6 x (no motor cost). |
Rotary sliding vane, 275 kPa, delivered, no drive. | 0.4 |
9.9 |
0.1 |
0.01 to 0.4 m3/s |
||
COMPRESSOR | Centrifugal, <7000 kPa, delivered, with electric motor. | 0.9 |
450 |
103 |
2 to 4000 kW |
|
Same as above, but no motor, FOB. | 0.53 |
290 |
103 |
(5 to 40) x 102 kW |
||
ELECTRICAL MOTORS |
AC, enclosed, fan cooled, | 0.68 |
0.67 |
10 |
1 to 10 HP |
|
Other types | 0.87 |
0.67 |
10 |
10 to 1000 HP |
HEAT EXCHANGERS
Note that costs can vary tremendously with material and flow design
TYPE |
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION | m |
Cr [k$] |
Sr |
Sr Range, Units |
Comments |
SHELL |
150 psi., Floating head, carbon steel, 16 ft long, delivered | 0.71 |
21 |
100 |
2 to 2000 m2 |
Factors for different pressures: 400 psi, x1.25 |
PLATE AND FRAME |
Carbon steel frame, 304 stainless steel plates. | 0.78 |
0.1 |
1 |
100 to 5000 ft2 |
|
AIR COOLER |
Finned tube, carbon steel, 150 psi, includes motor and fan. FOB. | 0.8 |
70 |
280 |
20 to 2000 m2 |
|
HEAT |
For engine/generator. | 0.45 |
0.95 |
1 |
200 to 1500 kW |
O&M costs=$0.67/kWh. |
Water and firetube boilers. (Flue gas flow, scf/h) | 0.75 |
110 |
200 |
30 to 2000 scf/hr |
||
IMMERSION HEATER |
Electric, FOB. | 0.87 |
1.9 |
50 |
10 to 200 kW |
|
COOLING TOWER |
Induced or forced draft, approach temp=5.5°C*, wet-bulb temp.=23.8°C*, range=5.5°C*, directly installed, all costs except foundations, water pumps, and distribution pipes. In terms of cooling capacity. |
1.0 |
70 |
10 |
4 to 60 m3/min |
If foundations and basin are included, use correction Also see footnote at end of table |
0.64 |
560 |
100 |
60 to 700 m3/min |
|||
1.0 |
72 |
3.6 x 103 |
103 to 104 kW |
|||
COOLING TOWER ADDITIONAL OPTIONS |
Water distribution to and from cooling tower, installed. | 0.7 |
160 |
1 |
0.1 to 2 m3/s |
|
Water
treatment. Demineralizing, ion exchange, input 1330 ppm, output 30-40 ppm solids,
installed. (FOB, x0.7) |
1.0 |
3200 |
0.1 |
0.0004 to 0.8 m3/s |
Factors to correct for other inlet feed conditions: 1000 ppm, x0.5 |
|
Steam deaerator, carbon steel, FOB. | 0.78 |
67 |
(1) |
(0.05 to 40) x 105 kg/hr |
*Factors to correct to other temperature conditions
Approach T, °C |
Wet-bulb T,°C |
Cooling range,°C |
2.75, x1.50 |
10, x1.92 |
3, x0.78 |
4.0, x1.22 |
15, x1.43 |
5, x0.92 |
7.0, x0.85 |
20, x1.14 |
10, x1.3 |
11., x0.49 |
25, x0.95 |
15, x1.62 |
14., x0.39 |
32, x0.66 |
22, x1.93 |
FURNACES, BOILERS, HEATERS
COMPONENT |
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION | m |
Cr [k$] |
Sr |
Sr Range, Units |
FIRETUBE |
FOB. | 0.59 | 40 |
200 |
40 to 800 HP |
Stoker, economizer, dust collectors. | 0.37 | 170 |
5000 |
(2 to 10) x 103 lb/hr |
|
0.56 | 500 |
25000 |
(1 to 5) x 104 lb/hr |
||
Gas fired, delivered, 50-200 psi saturated steam. | 0.64 | 16 |
103 |
(0.2 to 10) x 103 kg/hr |
|
WATER TUBE |
FOB. | 0.67 | 340 |
12 |
(4 to 40) x 104 lb/hr |
WATER |
Gas-fired tank,FOB. | 1.1 | 0.26 |
40 |
30 to 100 gal |
Electric heated tank, FOB. | 1.0 | 0.26 |
50 |
30 to 100 gal |
|
Electric immersion, with out tank, FOB. | 0.87 | 1.3 |
50 |
10 to 200 kW |
|
ELECTRIC RESISTANCE HEATERS |
For household heating. Cost =$550 +$40/kW. | ||||
WASTE HEAT STEAM BOILER |
Unfired,150 psi, delivered | 0.81 | 160 |
10¢ |
(0.1 to 10) x 104 kg/hr |
BOX-TYPE FURNACE |
500 psi, carbon steel, delivered | 0.75 | 144 |
12 |
10 to 400 kW |
REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS, HEAT PUMPS
COMPONENT |
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION | m |
Cr [k$] |
Sr |
Sr Range, Units |
AIR CONDITIONERS |
Room, FOB. | 0.8 |
1.2 |
2 |
0.33 to 15 tons |
Room, totally installed. | 0.83 |
2.2 |
2 |
0.5 to 15 tons |
|
Maintenance costs, $/year. | 0.38 |
0.2 |
2 |
0.33 to 10 tons |
|
CENTRAL CHILLERS, VAPOR COMPRESSION |
Reciprocating package, FOB. | 0.5 |
13.6 |
50 |
10 to 185 tons |
Roof reciprocating, air-cooled condensor, FOB. | 0.71 |
19.5 |
50 |
20 to 85 tons |
|
Centrifugal or screw compressor, FOB. | 0.66 |
92 |
500 |
80 to 2000 tons |
|
O&M annual costs, reciprocating. | 0.77 |
2 |
50 |
10 to 185 tons |
|
O&M annual costs, centrifugal or screw. | 0.42 |
8 |
500 |
105 to 2000 tons |
|
CENTRAL CHILLERS, LiBr ABSORPTION |
Single effect, installed. | 0.66 |
160 |
500 |
100 to 1400 tons |
Double effect, installed. | 0.7 |
230 |
500 |
400 to 1200 tons |
|
O&M, Single or double effect, per year. | 0.56 |
5.8 |
500 |
100 to 1400 tons |
|
AIR-TO-AIR HEAT PUMPS |
Equipment only. | 0.86 |
2.4 |
3 |
1 to 50 tons |
Installed. | 0.9 |
4.9 |
3 |
1 to 50 tons |
|
O&M per year. | 0.5 |
0.3 |
3 |
1 to 50 tons |
|
WATER-TO-AIR HEAT PUMPS |
Equipment only. | 0.64 |
1.65 |
3 |
1 to 25 tons |
Installed. | 0.69 |
3.4 |
3 |
1 to 25 tons |
|
Maintenance, years 2-5. | 0.5 |
0.3 |
3 |
1 to 25 tons |
MISCELLANEOUS
COMPONENT |
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION | m |
Cr [k$] |
Sr |
Sr Range, Units |
STORAGE |
Vertical steel field erected tanks. | 0.68 |
0.017 |
1 |
103 to 105 gal |
Carbon steel. | 0.56 |
1.4 |
100 |
100 to 105 gal |
|
Large volume carbon steel, floating roof. | 0.78 |
385 |
2x106 |
(2 to 10) x 106 gal |
|
Generally:
Concrete $0.75-0.90/gal Fiberglass $1.50/gal for 2000 gal size Pipe type $1.00/gal |
|||||
PIPE |
(Contractor
price) Elastomer 3/4-in. thickness. $0.52/ft; Phenolic foam, 1-in, thickness $1.10/ft; Fiberglass 1-in. thickness $0.70/ ft; Urethane $1.00/ft Rule of thumb "10% of total mechanical costs." |