Properties of solids

From Mazria

All values at room temperature unless otherwise noted

Material

Specific Heat
Btu/lb·°F

Density
lb/ft
3

Thermal conductivity
Btu/hr·ft·°F

Adobe

0.24

106

0.3

Aluminum (alloy 1100)

0.214

171

128

Aluminum bronze (76% Cu, 22% Zn, 2% Al)

0.09

517

58

Alundum (aluminum oxide)

0.186

-

-

Asbestos fiber

0.25

150

0.097

Asbestos insulation

0.2

36

0.092

Ashes, wood

0.2

40

0.041a

Asphalt

0.22

132

0.43

Bakelite

0.35

81

9.7

Bell metal

0.086a

-

-

Bismuth tin

0.04

-

37.6

Brass, red (85% Cu, 15% Zn)

0.09

548

87

Brass, yellow (65% Cu, 35% Zn)

0.09

519

69

Brick, building

0.2

123

0.4

Bronze

0.104

530

17b

Cadmium

0.055

540

53.7

Carbon (gas retort)

0.17

-

0.20c

Cardboard

-

-

0.04

Cellulose

0.32

3.4

0.033

Cement (Portland clinker)

0.16

120

0.017

Material

Specific Heat
Btu/lb·°F

Density
lb/ft
3

Thermal conductivity
Btu/hr·ft
2·°F

Chalk

0.215

143

0.48

Charcoal (wood)

0.2

15

0.03d

Chrome brick

0.17

200

0.67

Clay

0.22

63

-

Coal

0.3

90

0.098b

Coal tars

0.35e

75

0.07

Coke (petroleum, powdered)

0.36f

62

0.55f

Concrete (stone)

0.156

144

0.54

Copper (electrolytic)

0.092

556

227

Cork (granulated)

0.485

5.4

0.028g

Cotton (fiber)

0.319

95

0.024

Cryolite (AlF3·3NaF)

0.253

181

-

Diamond

0.147

151

27

Earth (dry and packed)

-

95

0.037

Felt

-

20.6

0.03

Fireclay brick

0.198h

112

0.58d

Flourspar (CaF2)

0.21

199

0.63

German silver (nickel silver)

0.09

545

19

Glass, crown (soda-lime)

0.18

154

0.59i

Glass, flint (lead)

0.117

267

0.79

Material

Specific Heat
Btu/lb·°F

Density
lb/ft
3

Thermal conductivity
Btu/hr·ft
2·°F

Glass, Pyrex

0.20

139

0.59i

Glass, "wool"

0.157

3.25

0.022

Gold

0.0312

1208

172

Graphite, "Karbate" (impervious)

0.16

117

75

Graphite, powder

0.165

-

0.106

Gypsum

0.259

78

0.25

Hemp (fiber)

0.323

93

-

Ice, 32°F

0.487

57.5

1.3

Ice, -4°F

0.465

-

1.41

Iron, cast

0.12h

450

27.6j

Iron, wrought

-

485

34.9

Lead

0.0309

707

20.1

Leather (sole)

-

62.4

0.092

Limestone

0.217

103

0.54

Linen

-

-

0.05

Litharge (lead monoxide)

0.055

490

-

Magnesia, light carbonate

0.2

13

0.04

Magnesia, powdered

0.234h

49.7

0.35k

Magnesite brick

0.222h

158

2.2l

Magnesium

0.241

108

91

Material

Specific Heat
Btu/lb·°F

Density
lb/ft
3

Thermal conductivity
Btu/hr·ft
2·°F

Marble

0.21

162

1.5

Nickel

0.105

555

34.4

Paint, black shellac

-

63

0.15

Paper

0.32

58

0.075

Paraffin

0.69

56

0.14b

Plaster

0.22

132

0.43m

Platinum

0.032

1340

39.9

Porcelain

0.18

162

1.3

Pyrites, copper

0.131

262

-

Pyrites, iron

0.136n

310

-

Rock salt

0.219

136

-

Rubber, vulcanized (soft)

0.48

68.6

0.08

Rubber, vulcanized (hard)

-

74.3

0.092

Sand

0.191

94.6

0.19

Sawdust

-

12

0.03

Silica

0.316

140

0.83i

Silver

0.0560

654

245

Snow, freshly fallen

-

7

0.34

Snow, at 32°F

-

31

1.3

Steel, mild

0.12

489

26.2

Material

Specific Heat
Btu/lb·°F

Density
lb/ft
3

Thermal conductivity
Btu/hr·ft
2·°F

Stone, quarried

0.2

95

-

Tar, bituminous

-

75

0.41

Tar, pitch

0.59

67

0.51

Tin

0.0556

455

37.5

Tungsten

0.032

1210

116

Wood, hardwoods, white ash

0.45 to 0.65

43

0.0992

Wood, hardwoods, American elm

0.45 to 0.65

36

0.0884

Wood, hardwoods, hickory

0.45 to 0.65

50

-

Wood, hardwoods, mahogany

0.45 to 0.65

34

0.075

Wood, hardwoods, sugar maple

0.45 to 0.65

45

0.108

Wood, hardwoods, white oak

0.57

47

0.102

Wood, hardwoods, black walnut

0.45 to 0.65

39

-

Wood, softwoods, white fir

-

27

0.068

Wood, softwoods, white pine

-

27

0.063

Wood, softwoods, spruce

-

26

0.065

Wool, fabric

-

6.9 to 20.6

0.021 to 0.037

Wool, fiber

0.325

82

-

Zinc, cast

0.092

445

65

Zinc, hot-rolled

0.094

445

62

aat 122°F
bat 32°F
cat 2°F

dat 392°F
eat 104°F
fat 752°F

gat 23°F
hat 212°F
iat 200°F
jat 129°F
kat 117°F
lat 400°F
mat 167°F
nat 156°F