1st Edition

Urban Water Engineering and Management

    628 Pages 236 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    In past decades, urban water management practices focused on optimizing the design and operation of water distribution networks, wastewater collection systems, and water and wastewater treatment plants. However, municipalities are now faced with aging urban water infrastructures whose operation must be improved and expanded to maintain current high standards of living as well as new challenges such as climate change, systems sustainability and water quality issues. Integrating the latest developments in urban water hydrology and management, Urban Water Engineering and Management takes a system approach to urban water hydrology, engineering, planning and management, supplying examples and case studies and highlighting pressing issues such as urban water governance, disaster management, and climate change impacts on urban areas. The book draws attention to climate change as a main concern of this century by focusing on its impact the components of water cycle.

    The book covers modeling of urban water cycle components, urban water supply, and distribution systems demand forecasting. It also presents classical issues, such as design of water distribution networks and wastewater and storm collection in urban settings, from a system's perspective. The text also includes a discussion of water governance and disaster management in urban areas and the urbanization effects on the environment and the needed water infrastructure development in urban areas. Against this background, the authors discuss the importance of understanding the principles of simulation, optimization, multiple-criterion decision making, and conflict resolution for successful, integrated urban water management. They explore integrated water management and planning solutions for incorporating structural and nonstructural means to achieve the best operational schemes at affordable costs, going beyond using the existing structures and physical limitations on water availability to include technical, social, political, and economic aspects of better water and wastewater management in urban areas.

    Written and designed especially for intermediate and advanced courses/modules in water resources in civil and environmental engineering, and in urban planning, the book can be used as a textbook for civil engineering, urban and regional planning, geography, environmental science, and in courses dealing with urban water cycle. It also introduces new horizons for engineers as well as policy and decision makers who plan for future urban water and regional sustainability. Engineers and planners, especially those who work on design, planning, and management of urban systems and/or community development, can use this book in practice because it deals with a broad range of real world urban water problems.

    Introduction
    Urban Water Cycle
    Interaction of Climatic, Hydrologic Process, and Urban Component
    UrbanWater Infrastructure Management
    UrbanWater Cycle Management
    Summary and Conclusion
    References
    Governance and UrbanWater Planning
    Introduction
    Water Sensitive Urban Design
    Water Governance 
    Governance Models .
    Absence of Public Participation
    Remaining Issues
    Urban Planning
    UrbanWater Planning
    UrbanWater Assessment
    Concluding Remarks
    References 
    UrbanWater Hydrology 
    Introduction
    Rainfall–Runoff Analysis in Urban Areas
    Excess Rainfall Calculation
    Rainfall Measurement
    Estimation of Urban Runoff Volume 
    Unit Hydrographs
    Revisiting a Flood Record 
    A Test of the Significance of the Urban Effect
    Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS)
    Problems
    References
    UrbanWater Supply and Demand
    Introduction
    History ofWater Supply Development
    Water Availability
    Water Development and Share ofWater Users
    Man-Made and Natural Resources forWater Supplies
    Supplementary Sources ofWater
    Water Treatment Methods
    Water Supply System Challenges
    Water Demand
    Water Demand Forecasting 
    Water Storage
    Water Distribution System
    Hydraulics ofWater Distribution Systems
    Pipeline Analysis and Design
    Water Quality Modeling in aWater Distribution Network
    Concluding Remarks
    Problems
    References
    UrbanWater Demand Management
    Introduction
    Basic Definitions ofWater Use
    Paradigm Shift in UrbanWater Management: Toward Demand Management
    The “Soft Path” forWater
    UrbanWater Demand Management: Objectives and Strategies
    UWDM Screening
    UrbanWater Demand
    UrbanWater Demand Management Factors
    Demographic Considerations
    EvaluatingWater Conservation
    Future Demand Supply
    Conflict Issues inWater Demand Management
    Application of UWDM for SustainableWater Development
    Concluding Remarks
    Problems
    References
    UrbanWater Drainage System
    Introduction
    Urban Planning and Stormwater Drainage
    Open-Channel Flow in UrbanWatersheds
    Components of Urban Stormwater Drainage Systems
    Culverts
    Design Flow of Surface Drainage Channels
    Stormwater Storage Facilities
    Risk Issues in Urban Drainage
    Urban Floods
    Sanitation
    Wastewater Management
    StormNET: Stormwater andWastewater Modeling
    Problems
    References 
    Environmental Impacts of Urbanization
    Introduction
    Urbanization Effects on the Hydrologic Cycle
    Urbanization Impacts onWater Quality
    Physical and Ecological Impacts of Urbanization
    Urbanization Impacts on Rivers and Lakes
    Impacts of Urbanization on Groundwater
    Overall State of Impacts
    Problems
    References
    Tools and Techniques
    Introduction
    Simulation Techniques
    Optimization Techniques
    Fuzzy Sets and Parameter Imprecision
    UrbanWater Systems Economics
    Problems
    References
    UrbanWater Infrastructure
    Introduction
    UrbanWater Infrastructures
    Interactions between the UrbanWater Cycle and Urban Infrastructure Components
    Financing Methods for Infrastructure Development
    Sustainable Development of UrbanWater Infrastructures
    SIM ofWater Mains
    Public Benefits from SIM Improvements
    Opportunities for SIM Capability Improvement .
    Concluding Remarks
    Problems .
    References
    UrbanWater System Dynamics and Conflict Resolution
    Introduction
    System Dynamics
    Conflict Resolution
    Case Studies
    Conclusion: Making TechnologiesWork
    Problems
    References
    UrbanWater Disaster Management
    Introduction
    Sources and Kinds of Disasters
    What is UWDM?
    Societal Responsibilities
    Planning Process for UWDM
    Water Disaster Management Strategies
    Situation Analysis
    Disaster Indices 
    Uncertainties in UrbanWater Engineering
    Risk Analysis: Composite Hydrological and Hydraulic Risk
    System Readiness
    Guidelines for Disaster Management
    Developing a Pattern for the Analysis of the System’s Readiness
    Conclusion
    Problems
    References
    Climate Change
    Introduction
    Climate Change Process
    Impacts of Climate Change on UrbanWater Supply
    Adaptation with Climate Change
    Climate Change Prediction
    Downscaling Models
    Case Studies
    Conclusion
    Problems
    References .
    Index

    Biography

    Mohammad Karamouz is affiliated with the Polytechnic Institute of New York University.