Master the tools of design thinking using Neuroprosthetics: Principles and Applications. Developed from successfully tested material used in an undergraduate and graduate level course taught to biomedical engineering and neuroscience students, this book focuses on the use of direct neural sensing and stimulation as a therapeutic intervention for complex disorders of the brain. It covers the theory and applications behind neuroprosthetics and explores how neuroprosthetic design thinking can enhance value for users of a direct neural interface.
The book explains the fundamentals of design thinking, introduces essential concepts from neuroscience and engineering illustrating the major components of neuroprosthetics, and presents practical applications. In addition to describing the approach of design thinking (based on facts about the user’s needs, desires, habits, attitudes, and experiences with neuroprosthetics), it also examines how effectively "human centered" neuroprosthetics can address people’s needs and interactions in their daily lives.
Identifying concepts and features of devices that work well with users of a direct neural interface, this book:
- Outlines the signal sensing capabilities and trade-offs for common electrode designs, and determines the most appropriate electrode for any neuroprosthetic application
- Specifies neurosurgical techniques and how electronics should be tailored to capture neural signals
- Provides an understanding of the mechanisms of neural–electrode performance and information contained in neural signals
- Provides understanding of neural decoding in neuroprosthetic applications
- Describes the strategies that can be used to promote long-term therapeutic interventions for humans through the use of neuroprosthetics
The first true primary text for undergraduate and graduate students in departments of neuroscience and bioengineering that covers the theory and applications behind this science, Neuroprosthetics: Principles and Applications provides the fundamental knowledge needed to understand how electrodes translate neural activity into signals that are useable by machines and enables readers to master the tools of design thinking and apply them to any neuroprosthetic application.
Design Thinking for Neuroprosthetics
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Design Thinking
Inspiration for Neuroprosthetic Design
Prototypical Example of Neuroprosthetic Design Thinking
Exercise
Interfaces to the Brain
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Electrical Interfaces
Electrode Design
Exercises
Electronics for Recording
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Use of Sensors
What Is a Signal?
What Is Noise?
Biopotential Amplifiers
Filtering
Adaptive Filters
Conclusion
Exercises
Surgical Techniques for Implantation and Explanation of Microelectrode Arrays
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Targeting
Surgical Methods for Implantation
Surgical Methods for Perfusion
Surgical Methods for Explanation
Exercises
Quantifying Long-Term Electrode Performance
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Morphological Properties
Electrical Properties
Tissue Properties
Holistic Abiotic and Biotic Analysis
Conclusion
Exercises
Neural Decoding
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Evolution of Decoders
Extracting Neural Features as Control Signals
Examples of Neuroprosthetic Decoders
Exercises
Principles of Stimulation
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Nerve Responses to Electrical Current
Strength–Duration Curves
Current Flow
Current Types
Example Applications
Exercises
Application: Brain-Actuated Functional Electrical Stimulation for Rehabilitation
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Hand Rehabilitation Strategies
Fundamentals of Functional Electrical Stimulation
Functional Outcome Measures
An Exemplar of Closed-Loop Neuroprosthetic Control of FES
Closed-Loop Trials
Conclusion
Exercises
Design of Implantable Neural Interface Systems
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Design
Safety
Exercises
Application: Deep Brain Stimulation for Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Learning Objectives
Introduction
DBS as a Foundational Technology
Shifts in Research/Practice Paradigms
Second-Generation Experimental Paradigms—Application of DBS for Tourette Syndrome
Conclusion
Exercise
References
Biography
Justin C. Sanchez is a neurotechnologist, neuroscientist, and neural engineer. He has served as a program manager at DARPA and before that was an associate professor of biomedical engineering and neuroscience at the University of Miami, and a faculty member of the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis. He has published more than 75 peer-reviewed papers, holds seven patents in neuroprosthetic design, and authored a book on the design of brain–machine interfaces. Dr. Sanchez’s degrees include a Doctor of Philosophy, Master of Engineering, and Bachelor of Science, all from the University of Florida, Gainesville.
