1st Edition

Enzymatic Technologies for Marine Polysaccharides

Edited By Antonio Trincone Copyright 2019
    551 Pages 52 Color & 59 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    551 Pages 52 Color & 59 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    The bioactivity potential of marine polysaccharides has long been considered an underexploited aspect. These molecules found in seaweed, microalgae, bacteria, and animal fish (shellfish, mollusks, etc.) and the derived oligosaccharides need to be explored thoroughly with an interdisciplinary approach. They are an extraordinary source of chemical diversity, and the literature highlights many applicative fields, including the food industry, cosmetics, biomedicine, agriculture, environmental protection, wastewater management, etc. More recently, a new challenge has emerged: the exploitation of marine biomass as the source of sustainable energy to participate in the future replacement of fossil resources. Enzymatic Technologies for Marine Polysaccharides provides insight into the recent research developments of marine polysaccharides and their current and potential applications.

    The first section of the book explores the diversity of marine polysaccharides from various angles, including a description of the chemical complexity and current applications and new perspectives in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and biomaterials offered by recent research. Efficient valorization of the marine polysaccharide biomass requires a rigorous analysis of the polysaccharides structure and their biological properties. The second section of the book concerns the development of extraction techniques and the improvement of the methods aimed at the characterization of their structure and function. Finally, the third and last section of the book articulates the enzymatic technologies from the discovery of novel enzymes to their production pipelines related to the fields of biorefinery, food, pharmaceutics, and other fine chemicals.

    • Presents the latest research in marine oligosaccharides and polysaccharides
    • Written by world-class researchers in marine enzyme technology
    • Discusses the latest developments in extraction methods
    • Presents a detailed overview of enzymatic routes for modification, production, and synthesis of marine oligosaccharides
    • Contains extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance further study

    Section 1: General view and sources of marine polysaccharides and oligosaccharides

    1. Marine biodiversity as a new source of promising polysaccharides: innovative polysaccharides emerging from the marine biodiversity

    [Sylvia Colliec-Jouault, Corinne Sinquin, Agata Zykwinska, and Christine Delbarre-Ladrat]

    2. Applications of marine polysaccharides in food processing

    [Vazhiyil Venugopal]

    3. The manufacture, characterization, and uses of fucoidans from macroalgae

    [J. H. Fitton, D. N. Stringer, S. S. Karpiniec, and A. Y. Park]

    4. Chemical and biological routes for the valorization of macroalgal polysaccharides

    [Valerie J. Rodrigues and Annamma A. Odaneth]

    5. Marine exopolysaccharides provide protection in extreme environments

    [Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho]

    6. Structural mechanisms involved in mild-acid hydrolysis of a defined tetrasaccharide-repeating sulfate fucan

    [Francisco F. Bezerra and Vitor H. Pomin]

    7. Biosynthesis and extrusion of β-chitin nanofibers by diatoms

    [Gregory L. Rorrer]

    8. The mucus of marine invertebrates: Cnidarians, polychaetes, and echinoderms as case studies

    [L. Stabili]

    9. Biorefinery of unique polysaccharides from Laminaria sp., Kappaphycus sp., and Ulva sp.: structure, enzymatic hydrolysis, and bioenergy from released monosaccharides

    [Mark Polikovsky and Alexander Golberg]

    10. Fermentative production and application of marine microbial exopolysaccharides

    [Shweta Singh, Anjula Katoch, Rajwinder Kaur, Kulwinder Singh Sran, Bhupender Kumar, and Anirban Roy Choudhury]

    Section 2: Extraction techniques, structural determination, and methodologies to assess biological activities

    11. Marine polysaccharides: extraction techniques, structural determination, and description of their biological activities

    [O. Ibraheem and O. M. Babatunde]

    12. Fucoidan: a tool for molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy of cardiovascular diseases

    [Murielle Maire, Lucas Chollet, Lydia Rolland, Didier Letourneur, Cédric Chauvierre, and Frédéric Chaubet]

    13. Marine polysaccharides as promising source of biological activities: extraction and purification technologies, structure, and activities

    [A. Mzibra, I. Meftah Kadmiri, and H. El Arroussi]

    14. Microwave-assisted conversion of marine polysaccharides

    [Shuntaro Tsubaki, Ayumu Onda, Tadaharu Ueda, Masanori Hiraoka, Satoshi Fujii, and Yuji Wada]

    15. Role of marine polysaccharides in treatment of metabolic disorders

    [Manigandan Venkatesan, Velusamy Arumugam, Rathinam Ayyasamy, Karthik Ramachadran, Subhapradha Namasivayam, Umamaheswari Sundaresan, Archunan Govindaraju, and Ramachandran Saravanan]

    Section 3: Enzymatic technologies

    16. Role of carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) in production of marine bioactive oligosaccharides and their pharmacological applications

    [Md. Imran and Sanjeev C. Ghadi]

    17. Microbial enzymes and potential use in algal polysaccharide modifications

    [Daniela de Borba Gurpilhares, Lara Durães Sette, and Adalberto Pessoa Jr.]

    18. Molecular modification of marine sulfated polysaccharides

    [Sutapa Biswas Majee, Dhruti Avlani, and Gopa Roy Biswas]

    19. Marine algae–degrading enzymes and their applications in marine oligosaccharide preparation

    [Benwei Zhu, Limin Ning, Yun Sun, and Zhong Yao]

    20. Enzymatic technologies of chitin and chitosan

    [P. V. Suresh]

    21. Enzymes used to produce glycosaminoglycan mimetics from marine polysaccharides

    [Christine Delbarre-Ladrat, Véronique Verrez-Bagnis, Sylvia Colliec-Jouault, and Agata Zykwinska]

    22. Production of value-added materials from alginate using alginate lyases and 4-deoxy-l-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronic acid–metabolic enzymes from alginolytic bacteria and marine gastropods

    [Takao Ojima, Ryuji Nishiyama, and Akira Inoue]

    Biography

    Antonio Trincone is currently a senior researcher in Naples at the Instituto di Chimica Biomolecolare belonging to Consiglio Nazionales delle Ricerche, Italy. He is the author of over 120 scientific publications in a number of international journals. He is the editor of Bioatalysis: Chemistry and Biology (Woodhead) and on the editorial board of Marine Drugs. He is specialty chief editor of marine biotechnology in Frontiers in Marine Science (FMARS).