1st Edition

Window Functions and Their Applications in Signal Processing

By K. M. M. Prabhu Copyright 2014
    404 Pages 363 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    404 Pages 363 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Window functions—otherwise known as weighting functions, tapering functions, or apodization functions—are mathematical functions that are zero-valued outside the chosen interval. They are well established as a vital part of digital signal processing. Window Functions and their Applications in Signal Processing presents an exhaustive and detailed account of window functions and their applications in signal processing, focusing on the areas of digital spectral analysis, design of FIR filters, pulse compression radar, and speech signal processing.

    Comprehensively reviewing previous research and recent developments, this book:

    • Provides suggestions on how to choose a window function for particular applications
    • Discusses Fourier analysis techniques and pitfalls in the computation of the DFT
    • Introduces window functions in the continuous-time and discrete-time domains
    • Considers two implementation strategies of window functions in the time- and frequency domain
    • Explores well-known applications of window functions in the fields of radar, sonar, biomedical signal analysis, audio processing, and synthetic aperture radar

    Fourier Analysis Techniques for Signal Processing
    Review of Basic Signals and Systems
    Continuous-Time Fourier Transform
    Discrete-Time Fourier Transform
    Z-Transform
    Discrete Fourier Transform
    Fast Fourier Transform

    Pitfalls in the Computation of DFT
    Sampling, Reconstruction, and Aliasing
    Frequency Leakage Effect
    DFT as a Filter Bank
    Picket-Fence Effect or Scalloping Loss
    Zero-Padding and Frequency Resolution

    Review of Window Functions
    Introduction
    Characteristics of a Window Function
    List of Windows
    Rate of Fall-Off Side-Lobe Level
    Comparison of Windows

    Performance Comparison of Data Windows
    Definition of Window Parameters
    Computation of Window Parameters
    Discussion on Window Selection

    Discrete-Time Windows and Their Figures of Merit
    Different Classes of Windows
    Discrete-Time Windows
    Figures of Merit
    Time–Bandwidth Product
    Applications of Windows

    Time-and Frequency-Domain Implementations of Windows
    Time-Domain Implementation
    A Programmable Windowing Technique
    Computational Error in Time and Frequency Domains
    Canonic Signed Digit Windowing
    Modified Zeroth-Order Kaiser–Bessel Window Family
    Summary

    FIR Filter Design Using Windows
    Ideal Filters
    Linear Time Invariant Systems
    FIR Filters
    IIR Filters
    Structure of an FIR Filter
    FIR Filter Design
    Kaiser–Bessel Windows for FIR Filter Design
    Design of Differentiator by Impulse Response Truncation
    Design of Hilbert Transformer Using Impulse Response Truncation

    Application of Windows in Spectral Analysis
    Nonparametric Methods

    Applications of Windows
    Windows in High Range Resolution Radars
    Effect of Range Side Lobe Reduction on SNR
    Window Functions in Stretch Processing
    Application of Window Functions in Biomedical Signal Processing
    Audio Denoising Using the Time–Frequency Plane
    Effect of Windows on Linear Prediction of Speech
    Application of Windows in Image Processing
    Windows to Improve Contrast Ratio in Imaging Systems

    Biography

    K.M.M. Prabhu is a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, I.I.T. Madras at Chennai, and a Senior Member of the Institution of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

    "I think this book gives an excellent overview of window functions and their applications in a variety of DSP applications. It describes a huge amount of different windows and it describes the properties of these windows. It also describes the use of windows in a large number of applications. It helps the reader by choosing a proper window for a particular application. As far as I know it is the first general book about this important subject."
    —Ad van den Enden, DSP Consultancy

    "An excellent text that covers all aspect of window functions. A must for anyone with interest in utilising windows for signal processing."
    —Palaniappan Ramaswamy, University of Wolverhampton

    "A book dedicated to window functions was indeed missing. Congratulations on filling the void."
    —Professor Nadav Levanon, Department of Electrical Engineering Systems, Tel Aviv University,
    Israel