1st Edition

Groundwater Geochemistry Fundamentals and Applications to Contamination

By William J. Deutsch, Randy Siegel Copyright 1997

    Groundwater Geochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications to Contamination examines the integral role geochemistry play s in groundwater monitoring and remediation programs, and presents it at a level understandable to a wide audience. Readers of all backgrounds can gain a better understanding of geochemical processes and how they apply to groundwater systems.

    The text begins with an explanation of fundamental geochemical processes, followed by a description of the methods and tools used to understand and simulate them. The book then explains how geochemistry applies to contaminant mobility, discusses remediation system design, sampling program development, and the modeling of geochemical interactions. This clearly written guide concludes with specific applications of geochemistry to contaminated sites.

    This is an ideal choice for readers who do not have an extensive technical background in aqueous chemistry, geochemistry, or geochemical modeling. The only prerequisite is a desire to better understand natural processes through groundwater geochemistry.

    GROUNDWATER GEOCHEMISTRY FUNDAMENTALS
    The Aquifer Geochemical System
    Groundwater Solution
    Chemical Reactions and the Equilibrium Constant
    Soil/Rock Composition
    Water/Rock Processes Controlling Solution Composition
    Solution, Redox, and Gas Exchange Processes
    Aqueous Complexation
    Oxidation/Reduction Processes
    Solution/Gas Interactions
    Water/Rock Interactions
    Adsorption/Desorption
    Mineral Precipitation/Dissolution
    Reaction Rates
    Development of Conceptual Geochemical Models
    Modeling Data Requirements
    Elements of a Conceptual Model
    Geochemical Modeling Methods
    Computer Codes for Geochemical Modeling
    Mass Balance Modeling Codes
    Equilibrium Speciation/Solubility Modeling Codes
    Equilibrium Mass Transfer Modeling Codes
    Mass Transport
    Geochemical Modeling Limitations
    GENERAL GEOCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS
    Geochemical Models
    Mobility of Iron in the Natural Environment
    Modeling Calcite Mineral Precipitation in Response to Groundwater Heating
    Modeling the Aeration of Groundwater
    Geochemistry of Contaminant Mobility
    Contaminant-Induced Disequilibrium
    Solubility Limits on Contaminant Concentration in Groundwater
    Mineral Equilibria of Contaminants
    Adsorption/Desorption Impact on Contaminant Migration
    Contaminant Migration Summary
    Geochemistry of Restoration
    Natural Restoration
    Geochemical Principles of Aquifer Restoration
    Applied Restoration Techniques
    Geochemical Enhancements to Pump-and-Treat Restoration
    Simulating the Geochemistry of Restoration
    Geochemistry and the Design of Sampling Programs
    Temperature
    Hydrogen Ion Activity (pH)
    Redox Potential (Eh)
    Dissolved Gases
    Alkalinity
    Major Cation and Anions
    Minor and Trace Dissolved Constituents
    Reactive Solid Phases
    APPLICATIONS OF GEOCHEMISTRY TO SPECIFIC TYPES OF CONTAMINANTS AND CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENTS
    Practical Applications: Landfills
    Geochemical Environment
    Sampling Considerations
    Geochemical Reaction Modeling
    Contaminant Mobility
    Remediation
    Practical Applications: Metals Contamination
    Geochemical Environment
    Sampling Considerations
    Geochemical Reaction Modeling
    Contaminant Mobility
    Remediation
    Geochemistry of Acid Mine Waste
    Acid-Generating and -Neutralizing Processes
    Acidic Environments
    Sampling Considerations
    Geochemical Modeling
    Contaminant Transport
    Remediation
    Geochemistry of Organic Compound Contamination
    Representative Types of Organic Contamination
    Sampling Considerations
    Geochemical Modeling
    Contaminant Transport
    Remediation
    Appendix A: Solid Phases that Limit Groundwater Concentrations
    Index

    Biography

    William J. Deutsch (Author) , Randy Siegel (Author)