254 Pages 342 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    The only text to provide in-depth illustrations of the normal and abnormal fetal anatomy on MR imaging, this guide includes chapters highlighting the state-of-the-science in the imaging of the fetal skull, face, neck, nervous system, chest, abdomen, and musculoskeletal system. Discussing applications at the forefront of the discipline, this reference studies data gleaned from MR examinations of maternal and fetal health, reviews common fast imaging techniques, details pitfalls related to fetal MR imaging, and analyzes methods for improving image resolution.

    I. A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS METHODS FOR LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS

    STATISTICAL METHODS

    Introduction

    Sampling-Based Methods

    Reliability Algorithms: FORM and SORM

    Variance-Based Methods

    Design of Experiments and Screening Design Methods

    DETERMINISTIC METHODS

    Deterministic Methods for Local Sensitivity Analysis

    Deterministic Methods for Local Uncertainty Analysis

    Deterministic Methods for Extending the Use of

    Local Sensitivities; Global Deterministic

    Sensitivity Analysis

    COMPUTATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

    II. APPLICATIONS OF THE ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURE (ASAP) TO TWO-PHASE FLOW SYSTEMS

    ASAP FOR GENERIC TWO-PHASE FLOW PROBLEMS

    Basic One-Dimensional Two-Phase Flow Equations

    The Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Procedure (ASAP)

    Characteristic of the Adjoint Sensitivity System

    Illustrative Example: The Homogeneous Equilibrium

    Model (HEM) for Two-Phase Flow

    ASAP FOR THE RELAP/MOD. TWO-FLUID MODEL (REL/TF)

    The RELAP/MOD. Two-Fluid Model

    ASAP of the Two-Fluid Model in RELAP/MOD.

    Consistency between the Differential/Integral And the Discretized Equations/Models for

    Sensitivity Analysis

    Validation of the Adjoint Sensitivity Model (ASM-REL/TF)

    Sensitivities of Thermodynamic Properties of Water

    III. FORWARD AND ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURES FOR AUGMENTED SYSTEMS

    THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE ASAP FOR AUGMENTED SYSTEMS

    Sensitivity Analysis of the Primary (Nonaugmented) System

    Sensitivity Analysis of the Augmented System

    Discussion: Constructing the Augmented Adjoint Sensitivity Model from the Original Adjoint Sensitivity Model and Viceversa

    ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: ASAP FOR THE COUPLED TWO-FLUID WITH HEAT STRUCTURES MODEL IN RELAP/MOD. (REL/TF+HS)

    ASM-REL/TFH: The Augmented Two-Fluid/Heat Structure Adjoint Sensitivity Model

    Summary Description of the QUENCH- Experiment

    IV. FORWARD AND ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURES FOR RESPONSES DEFINED AT CRITICAL POINTS

    FSAP AND ASAP FOR RESPONSES AT CRITICAL POINTS: GENERAL THEORY

    The Forward Sensitivity Analysis Procedure (FSAP)

    The Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Procedure (ASAP)

    Discussion

    Illustrative Example: A Simple Particle Diffusion Problem

    ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: ASAP FOR THE MAXIMUM CLAD TEMPERATURE PREDICTED BY A REACTOR

    SAFETY CODE

    V. USING THE ASAP TO GAIN NEW INSIGHTS INTO PARADIGM ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES PROBLEMS

    A PARADIGM RADIATIVE-CONVECTIVE MODEL (RCM) OF THE ATMOSPHERE

    APPLYING THE ASAP FOR EFFICIENT AND EXHAUSTIVE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE RCM

    PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF SOLUTIONS, EIGENVALUES, AND EIGENVECTORS OF THE ADJOINT SENSITIVITY SYSTEM FOR ATMOSPHERIC MODELS

    Physical Interpretation of the Adjoint Functions

    Interpretation of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Associated with the Adjoint Functions

    Numerical Efficiency

    EFFICIENT ESTIMATION OF FEEDBACK EFFECTS FOR CLIMATE MODELS

    AN ISENTROPIC TWO-LAYER MODEL FOR NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION

    APPLYING THE ASAP FOR EFFICIENT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF BLOCKING INDEXES IN THE TWO-LAYER ISENTROPIC MODEL

    Blocking Index in Physical Space

    Blocking Index in Spectral Space

    Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis Results

    Computational Costs

    VI. ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURE FOR OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

    ADJOINT SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS PROCEDURE (ASAP) FOR THE EARTH’S RADIATION BUDGET IN THE NCEP MEDIUM-RANGE FORECASTING MODEL

    Derivation and Verification of the Adjoint Sensitivity

    Model Corresponding to the NCEP Nonlinear Radiation Model

    Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis Results

    FSU-GSM FORECAST ERROR SENSITIVITY TO INITIAL CONDITIONS: APPLICATION TO INDIAN SUMMER MONSOON

    Modeling the Nominal Conditions on June , with the FSU GSM

    Illustrative Sensitivity Analysis Results

    SENSITIVITY TO LARGE-SCALE ENVIRONMENTAL FIELDS OF THE RELAXED ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT PARAMETRIZATION IN THE NASA GEOS- GCM

    Sensitivity Analysis of the GEOS- GCM

    Using the ASAP

    The RAS Parameterization Scheme in GEOS- GCM

    Sensitivity Analysis Results

    REFERENCES

    INDEX

    Biography

    Deborah Levine

    "…a great book without any real competition. For those already performing MRI, there will be useful tips and explanatory images to increase their understanding. For those just beginning to explore fetal MRI, this book provides all the relevant information needed to get started."
    -Pediatric Radiology


    "…an excellent, well-devised pictorial journey through much of normal fetal development and select fetal anomalies…the images display beautiful anatomy. Follow-up postnatal images on select cases add to reader satisfaction. I thoroughly enjoyed this book."
    -Doody's Reviews