Translation as Actor-Networking: Actors, Agencies, and Networks in the Making of Arthur Waley’s English Translation of the Chinese 'Journey to the West'

Summary

This book employs principles from actor-network theory (ANT) to explore the making of the English translation of a work of Chinese canonical fiction, Journey to the West, demonstrating how ANT, as applied to translation studies, can contribute to a richer understanding of the translation process.// The volume builds on previous research to apply ANT theory to translation studies by looking in-depth at a single work, highlighting the unique factors underpinning the making of Monkey, Arthur Waley’s English translation of the Chinese classic Journey to the West, which make the work an ideal candidate for showing ANT theory in practice in translation. Luo uses an in-depth exploration of the work to examine the ways in which both human and nonhuman translation actors and agents interact in different ways in the publication of this translation, showcasing them as dynamic, changing, and active participants whose roles shifted over the course of the translation process, rather than as fixed entities as traditionally categorized in existing research. The book moves beyond a descriptive account of an ANT-based case study toward offering a systematic theoretical and methodological framework of ANT-based translation studies, using the conclusions drawn from its application to a single work to suggest a way forward for applying ANT in translation production on a wider scale.// This book will be of interest to scholars in translation studies, sociology, and comparative literature, particularly those interested in actor-network theory or network studies and their application to related disciplinary fields.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………………

List of Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………

List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………….

List of Tables………………………………………………………………………………

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………1

Chapter 1 Actor-Network Theory……………………………………………………………9

1.1 Basic clarifications of the name and nature of actor-network theory………………10

1.2 Nonhuman actor………………………………………………………………………16

1.3 Long distance control…………………………………………………………………21

1.4 The black box………………………………………………………….……………24

1.5 Translation^ANT…………………………………………………………………………26

1.6 Obligatory passage point………………………………………………………………37

1.7 Immutable mobiles, inscriptions and centres of calculation……………………38

Chapter 2 Research Context …………………………………………………………………41

2.1 Journey to the West: the novel………………………………………………………41

2.2 The many English translations of Journey to the West……………………………….45

2.3 Monkey translated by Waley: focus of the present study…………………………….49

2.4 Monkey: a unique translation of popularity and fame………………………………52

2.5 Positioning the research: from literature to the present study…………………………55

2.6 Approaches to data selection and analysis…………………………………………66

Chapter 3 The Monkey Project: A Translation in Production……………………………….71

3.1 The Monkey project: a translation under production (1941-1942).…………75

3.2 The Monkey project: from slow to accelerated expansion…………………………89

Chapter 4 All about People: Multiple Human Actors, Multiplied Roles…………………101

4.0 Prelude: more actors, but not overwhelmingly more……………………………….101

4.1 Arthur Waley: more than the translator of Monkey………………………………105

4.2 Duncan Grant: the designer being controlled and resisted.………………………126

4.3 Stanley Unwin: the publisher as evaluator, initiator, project manager, and literary agent………………………………………………………………………………………...135

Chapter 5 All about Resources: Multiple Nonhuman Actors, Multiple Trials and Traces………………………………………………………………………………………139

5.0 Prelude: nonhumans or nonhuman actors…………………………………………...139

5.1 Amidst the War and flu, we need luck.……………………………………….……143

5.2 The things ANT researchers can deduce from texts……………………………….156

5.3 Letters: making everyone and everything mobile and immutable…………………169

Chapter 6 The Translations^ANT that Comprise the Translation Project……………………183

6.0 Prelude: grouping the translations^ANT…………………….……………………….183

6.1 Translation^ANT one (T₁^ANT): translating^ANT Journey to the West into Monkey…….186

6.2 Translation^ANT two (T₂^ANT): the initiation of the Monkey project…………………190

6.3 Translation^ANT three (T₃^ANT): the designs……………………………………………197

6.4 Translation^ANT four (T₄^ANT): previous terms transformed into a new agreement……203

6.5 Translation^ANT five (T₅^ANT): the jacket proofs agreement…………………………205

6.6 Translation^ANT six (T₆^ANT): producing advertisements and book reviews………….212

6.7 Translation^ANT seven (T₇^ANT): Monkey’s journey to the US……………………215

6.8 More translations^ANT………………………………………………………………223

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………227

Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………...249

Appendices…………………………………………………………………………………273

　

　

　

Author(s) Bio

Wenyan Luo received her PhD in 2019 from Durham University, UK. Her research interests lie in text analysis in translation, history of translation between English and Chinese, translation ethics, translator studies, and sociology of translation, in particular Actor-network Theory-approached translation studies.