Surface and colloid chemistry principles impact many aspects of our daily lives, ranging from the cleaners and cosmetics we use to combustion engines and cement. Exploring the range of this field of study, Surface and Colloid Chemistry provides a detailed analysis of its principles and applications and demonstrates how they relate to natural phenomena and industrial processes.
Surface and colloid chemistry at work in nature and industry:
- rain drops
- combustion engines
- soap bubbles
- foam
- food products
- air pollution
- waste-water treatment
- washing and cleaning
- cosmetics
- painting and printing
- oil and gas production
- oil spills
- plastics and polymers
- biology and pharmaceuticals
- milk products
- cement
- adhesive
- coal
The book begins with an introduction to surfaces and colloids. It describes basic considerations regarding liquids and capillarity, and examines the liquid-solid interface phenomena. It explores the physicochemical properties of surfactants, Langmuir-Blodgett films, adsorption on solid surfaces, and adsorption as it relates to cleaning processes. Then the author examines colloidal systems and thin liquid films before moving on to emulsion science and technology. The final chapter provides examples of applications in science and a range of industries.
Examples and Illustrations
Integrating real-world examples throughout the text, this volume stimulates readers to consider both fundamental theory and industrial applications. More than 100 figures elucidate the concepts described in the text. Sample questions and answers are provided where appropriate, along with detailed data and discussions. Pertinent references are offered to facilitate further study.
Introduction to Surfaces and Colloids
Introduction
Solid Phase–Liquid Phase–Gas Phase
Capillarity and Surface Forces (Liquids)
Introduction
Surface Forces (in Liquids)
Laplace Equation (Liquid Curvature and Pressure)
Capillary Rise (or Fall) of Liquids
Bubble Formation
Measurement of Surface Tension of Liquids
Surface Tension of Liquids
Applications
Surfactants (Soaps and Detergents) and Physicochemical Properties
Introduction
Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions
Gibbs Adsorption Equation in Solutions
Applications
Spread Lipid Films on Liquid Surfaces (Langmuir–Blodgett Films)
Introduction
Monolayer Isotherms on Water Surfaces
Self-Assembly Monolayer (SAM) Formation
Effect of Lipid Monolayers on Evaporation Rates of Liquids
Monolayers of Macromolecules at the Water Surface
Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) Films (Transfer of Lipid Monolayers on Solids)
Vesicles and Liposomes
Applications
Solid Surfaces—Adsorption
Introduction
Solid Surface Tension (Wetting Properties of Solid Surfaces)
Contact Angle (θ) of Liquids on Solid Surfaces
Measurements of Contact Angles
Adsorption of Gas on a Solid Surface
Adsorption from Solution on Solid Surfaces
Surface Tension of Solid Polymers
Applications
Wetting, Adsorption, and Cleaning Processes
Introduction
Oil Recovery and Surface Forces
Applications in Cleaning Processes (Surface and Colloidal Aspects)
Evaporation Rates of Liquid Drops
Adhesion (Glues) (Solid1–Solid2)
Colloidal Systems
Introduction
Attractive Forces–Repulsive Forces
Kinetics of Coagulation of Colloids
Dispersions of Solid Particles in Fluids
Applications of Colloid Systems
Thin Liquid Films
Introduction
Bubbles and Foams
Foams (Thin Liquid films)
Applications of Foams
Emulsions, Microemulsions, and Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
Introduction
Emulsions (Oil and Water)
Microemulsions
Liquid Crystals
Applications of Emulsions
Diverse Applications of Surface and Colloid Chemistry in Science and Industry
Introduction
Applications of Scanning Probe Microscopes (STM, AFM, FFM) to Surface and Colloidal Chemistry
Drug Delivery Design (DDD)
Surface and Colloidal Aspects of Cement Industry
Diverse Industrial Applications
References
Appendix A: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Surface Tension of Liquids (Corresponding States Theory)
Appendix B: Solubility of Organic Molecules in Water Using a Surface Tension–Cavity Model System
Appendix C: Gas Adsorption on Solid Surface—Theory
Appendix D: Common Fundamental Constants
Index
Biography
Dr. Birdi is a consultant to various national and international industries. He is and has been a member of numerous chemical societies, and a member of organizing committees of national and international meetings related to surface science. He has been a member of selection committees for assistant professors and professors, and was an advisory member (1985–1987) of the American Chemical Society journal Langmuir. Dr. Birdi has been an advisor for some 90 advanced student projects and various PhD projects and has authored nearly 100 papers and articles.
