1st Edition

Safer Seas Systematic Accident Prevention

By Koji Fukuoka Copyright 2020
    276 Pages
    by CRC Press

    280 Pages 5 Color & 65 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    276 Pages 5 Color & 65 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Marine accidents can occur at any time and everywhere in the world, resulting in loss of life, property, environment and reputation of the companies involved. Preventing accidents and establishing a safer world without accidents is an important agenda for the maritime industry. Since the enforcement of the International Safety Management Code in 1998, companies have taken various kinds of measures to prevent accidents. Unfortunately, measures have been undertaken in a disorganized manner, and have not been effective. Experts of risk management, the safety management system, and accident models have each undertaken accident preventive measures within the scope of their specific fields, but have not looked beyond the realm of their own fields.





    This book discusses systematic accident prevention by integrating multi-disciplinary expertise based on academic research, the quality management system which has already proved its effectiveness in other fields, and findings of the author’s research. In systematic accident prevention, the weaknesses of a system within which accidents and incidents have occurred are viewed by combining scientific accident investigation data based on the International Maritime Organization model and the accident model. The nature of every type of marine accident, such as collisions, groundings, occupational casualties, etc., are derived by combining the accident model and statistical data. System weaknesses are rectified by the risk reduction method of risk management, and the rectified performance is incorporated in improvement in the system by the PDCA cycle, which is the core of the Safety Management System. We can see the weakness in the system and reduce the number of accidents and incidents while utilizing limited resources optimally to prevent accidents and incidents.


    Table of Contents:



    History of Marine Accidents, Accident Investigation and Prevention
    Prior to the loss of the Titanic
    The Titanic
    SOLAS Convention
    Accidents and international efforts
    The Herald of Free Enterprise and Exxon Valdez disaster
    Shift from hardware to human factors issues
    Implementation of safety management system
    Development of comprehensive accident investigation
    The Costa Concordia disaster
    Similar accidents and insights
    The number of accidents decreased?
    Conclusions



    Mechanism of Accident Occurrence
    Concept of hazard and accident
    Effect of a layer of defense
    Situation of defenses in-depth and accidents
    Human factors and accidents
    Conclusions



    Accident Model
    Background surrounding accidents
    Historical background of accident model
    Problems on each accident model
    Characteristics of each industry
    Accident model applicable to each industry
    Conclusions



    Contributing Factors of Accident Occurrence
    Introduction
    Central liveware
    Liveware-hardware
    Liveware-software
    Liveware-environment
    Liveware-peripheral liveware
    Conclusions



    Preparation for Accident Investigation
    Introduction
    The human error
    Risk management
    ISM Code
    Core of quality management system
    Contents of ISM Code
    Implication of the PDCA cycle in an accident
    Conclusions



    On-site investigation
    Introduction
    Health and safety
    Evidence
    Assessing the evidence
    Conclusions



    Analysis Methods
    Introduction
    Analysis process
    Event and Contributory Factors Charts
    Guidelines to produce ECFC
    Construction of a marine accident investigation report
    Conclusions



    Visualization of Weakness in the System
    Introduction
    Background
    Holes
    Latent conditions
    How to find a hole at a real accident
    Holes and latent conditions
    Abstract generalizations (general characteristics of accidents)
    Unresolved issues on the SCM
    The SCM in maritime industry
    Conclusions



    Statistical science and characteristics of each types of accidents
    Introduction
    Quantification of the SHEL element
    Relationship between the hole location and the number of hole occurrence
    Quantification accident model
    Limitations of the study
    Conclusions



    Convergence of accident models
    Introduction
    Summary of the sample accident
    Analytical method
    Limitations of analysis
    Results
    Convergence of different type of model
    Conclusions



    Rectification of the weakness and improvement of the system
    Introduction
    Principles of the systematic accident prevention
    Process of systematic accident prevention
    Difference between an accident and an incident
    Conclusions



    References

    Biography

    Dr. Koji Fukuoka has engaged in safety, security and risk management for about 33 years. He graduatedg from Kagoshima University with a Bachelor of Science of Fisheries in 1981. Since then, he has accomplished the core of safety management system as creation of business continuity plans (BCP), education and training of emergency situations, search and rescue operations during accidents, accident investigations, creation of accident preventive measures through his tenures of Japan Coast Guard, Japan Transport Safety Board (JTSB), International Registries Far East Ltd, Mandarin Oriental Tokyo and the other maritime companies.



    During the tenure of the JTSB (from 2009 to 2016), Dr. Fukuoka produced many marine accident reports, including very serious marine accidents, as an investigator-in-charge, studied "Fundamentals of accident investigation" at the Cranfield University, the United Kingdom, in 2011, designated as an analyst of Correspondence group in Sub-Committee on Implementation of IMO Instruments, trained government administrators of the Philippines on national training course on Marine Casualty and Incident Investigation as the IMO consultant in 2014.



    Furthermore, he studied risk management, human factors, safety and quality management system, accident investigation and analysis, ISO, multivariate analysis, accident models and so forth to reduce the number of marine accidents at the Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, and received a Ph.D. in Maritime Science and Technology in 2016.



    He has produced the e-learning materials on "Fundamentals on accident investigation" and "Systematic approach on accident prevention" in cooperation with the International Maritime Safety Security Environment Academy (IMSSEA in Genova, Italy) in 2017 and is designated as a lecturer from IMSSEA, and a research fellowship from the Ohara Memorial Institute for Science of Labour (Tokyo, Japan).



    As an accident investigator at Japan Transport Safety Board, Dr. Koji Fukuoka has conducted numerous accident investigations and analyses. He was an IMO consultant for the IMO Model Course: Safety Investigation into Marine Casualties and Marine Incidents. He has worked on accident occurrence mechanism and prevention and developed new accident models, and published several articles on accident prevention. Dr. Koji Fukuoka has a doctorate from the Graduate School of Kobe University. He is currently the Manager of the Occupational Health and Safety Section and a Crisis Management Specialist at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University in Okinawa, Japan.