Phylonyms A Companion to the PhyloCode

SECTION 1

Pan-Biota

-J. Wiemann, K. de Queiroz, T. B. Rowe, N. J. Planavsky, R. P. Anderson, J. P. Gogarten, P. E. Turner, and J. A. Gauthier
 
Biota
 
-E. Kejnovsky and E. N. Trifonov
 
Eukarya
 
-R. Creti
 
Metamonada
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Discoba
 
-A. G. B. Simpson
 
Discicristata
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Euglenozoa
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Sar
 
-S. M. Adl
 
Stramenopila
 
-C. J. Alexopoulos, C. W. Mims, and M. Blackwell
 
Rhizaria
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Foraminifera
 
-C. E. Eichwald
 
Alveolata
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Ciliophora
 
-Doflein
 
Postciliodesmatophora
 
-Z. P. Gerassimova & L. N. Seravin
 
Intramacronucleata
 
-D. H. Lynn
 
Amorphea
 
-S. M. Adl
 
Opisthokonta
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Fungi
 
-A. Engler and K. Prantl
 
Dikarya
 
-D. S. Hibbett, T. Y. James, and R. Vilgalys
 
Basidiomycota
 
-H. C. Bold
 
Ascomycota
 
-H. C. Bold
 

SECTION 2

Archaeplastida
 
-S. M. Adl
 
Rhodoplantae
 
-G. W. Saunders & M. H. Hommersand
 
Cyanidiales
 
-T. Christensen
 
Rhodophyta
 
-A. Wettstein
 
Proteorhodophytina
 
-S .A. Muñoz-Gómez, F. G. Mejía-Franco, K. Durnin, M. Colp, C. J. Grisdale, J. M. Archibald & C. H. Slamovits
 
Compsopogonophyceae
 
-G. W. Saunders & M. H. Hommersand
 
Porphyridiophyceae
 
-H. S. Yoon, K. M. Müller, R. G. Sheath, F. D. Ott & D. Bhattacharya
 
Rhodellophyceae
 
-Cavalier-Smith
 
Stylonematales
 
-K.M. Drew
 
Eurhodophytina
 
-G. W. Saunders & M. H. Hommersand
 
Bangiales
 
-Nägeli
 
Florideophyceae
 
-A. Cronquist
 
Hildenbrandiales
 
-C. M. Pueschel & K. M. Cole
 
Nemaliophycidae
 
-T. Christensen
 
Corallinophycidae
 
-L. Le Gall & G. W. Saunders
 
Ahnfeltiophycidae
 
-G. W. Saunders & M. H. Hommersand
 
Rhodymeniophycidae
 
-G. W. Saunders & M. H. Hommersand
 
Viridiplantae
 
-T. Cavalier-Smith
 
Chlorophyta
 
-Reichenbach
 
Charophyta
 
-E. F. A. W. Migula
 
Klebsormidiophyceae
 
-C. Jeffrey
 
Phragmoplastophyta
 
-G. Lecointre and H. Le Guyader
 
Zygnematophyceae
 
-C. van den Hoek, D.G. Mann, & H.M. Jahns
 
Coleochaetophyceae
 
-C. Jeffrey
 
Charophyceae
 
-G. M. Smith

 
SECTION 3

Embryophyta
 
-A. Engler and K. Prantl
 
Hepaticae
 
-A. L. Jussieu
 
Musci
 
-A. L. Jussieu
 
Anthocerotae
 
-W. Mitten
 
Pan-Tracheophyta
 
-Cantino and Donoghue
 
Apo-Tracheophyta
 
-Cantino and Donoghue
 
Tracheophyta
 
-E. W. Sinnott
 
Pan-Lycopodiophyta
 
-Cantino and Donoghue
 
Lycopodiophyta
 
-A. Cronquist, A. Takhtajan, and W. Zimmermann
 
Pan-Euphyllophyta
 
-P. D. Cantino and M. J. Donoghue
 
Euphyllophyta
 
-G. Lecointre and H. Le Guyader
 
Monilophyta
 
-P. D. Cantino and M. J. Donoghue
 
Pan-Spermatophyta
 
-P. D. Cantino and M. J. Donoghue
 
Apo-Spermatophyta
 
-P. D. Cantino and M. J. Donoghue
 
Spermatophyta
 
-N. L. Britton and A. Brown
 
Pan-Gnetophyta
 
-J. A. Doyle, M. J. Donoghue, and P. D. Cantino
 
Gnetophyta
 
-C. E. Bessey
 
Pan-Coniferae
 
-P. D. Cantino, M. J. Donoghue, and J. A. Doyle
 
Coniferae
 
-A. L. Jussieu
 
Cupressophyta
 
-P.D. Cantino & M.J. Donoghue,
 
Pan-Angiospermae
 
-P. D. Cantino and M. J. Donoghue
 
SECTION 4

Angiospermae
 
-J. Lindley
 
Mesangiospermae
 
-M. J. Donoghue, J. A. Doyle, and P. D. Cantino
 
Magnoliidae
 
-Novák ex Takhtajan
 
Monocotyledoneae
 
-de Candolle
 
Petrosaviidae
 
-S. W. Graham and W. S. Judd
 
Commelinidae
 
-A. Takhtajan
 
Poineae
 
-J. M. Saarela and S. W. Graham
 
Tricolpatae
 
-M. J. Donoghue, J. A. Doyle, and P. D. Cantino
 
Eudicotyledoneae
 
-M. J. Donoghue, J. A. Doyle, and P. D. Cantino
 
Gunneridae
 
-D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, and W. S. Judd
 
Pentapetalae
 
-D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, and W. S. Judd
 
Superrosidae
 
-W. S. Judd, D. E. Soltis, and P. S. Soltis
 
Rosidae
 
-A. L. Takhtajan
 
Malvidae
 
-W. S. Judd, D. E. Soltis, and P. S. Soltis
 
Myrtales
 
-Jussieu ex Berchtold and J. Presl.
 
Fabidae
 
-W. S. Judd, D. E. Soltis, and P. S. Soltis
 
Leguminosae
 
-Jussieu
 
Superasteridae
 
-W. S. Judd, D. E. Soltis, and P. S. Soltis
 
Caryophyllales
 
-K. J. Perleb
 
Asteridae
 
-Takhtajan
 
Ericales
 
-Bercht. and J. Presl.
 
Ericaceae
 
-Jussieu
 
Gentianidae
 
-R. G. Olmstead, W. S. Judd, and P. D. Cantino
 
Campanulidae
 
-M. J. Donoghue and P. D. Cantino
 
Apiidae
 
-M. J. Donoghue and P. D. Cantino
 
Campanulaceae
 
-Jussieu
 
Campanuloideae
 
-Burnett
 
Lobelioideae
 
-Burnett
 
Lamiidae
 
-A. Takhtajan
 
Lamianae
 
-A. L. Takhtajan
 
Gentianales
 
-J. Lindley
 
Rubiaceae
 
-A.L. de Jussieu
 
Solanales
 
-Dumortier
 
Solanaceae
 
-Jussieu
 
Convolvulaceae
 
-Jussieu
 
Lamiales
 
-E. F. Bromhead
 
Bignoniaceae
 
-Jussieu
 
Orobanchaceae
 
-E. P. Ventenant
 
Labiatae
 
-M. Adanson
 
Nepetoideae
 
-G. Erdtman
 

Section 5

Metazoa
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Porifera
 
-R. E. Grant
 
Demospongiae
 
-W. J. Sollas
 
Hexactinellida
 
-O. Schmidt
 
Homoscleromorpha
 
-P. Bergquist
 
Calcispongia
 
-M. H. D. de Blainville
 
Cnidaria
 
-A. E. Verrill
 
Anthozoa
 
-C. G. Ehrenberg
 
Hexacorralia
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Octocorallia
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Medusozoa
 
-K. Peterson
 
Cubozoa
 
-B. Werner
 
Hydrozoa
 
-R. Owen
 
Trachylina
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Hydroidolina
 
-A. G. Collins
 
Siphonophora
 
-F. Eschscholtz
 
Bilateria
 
-B. Hatschek
 
Protostomia
 
-K. Grobben
 
Lophotrochozoa
 
-K. M. Halanych, J. D. Bacheller, A. M. A. Aguinaldo, S. M. Liva, D. M. Hillis, and J. A. Lake
 
Annelida
 
-Lamarck
 
Rhabdocoela
 
-C. G. Ehrenberg
 
Dalytyphloplanida
 
-W. R. Willems
 
Kalyptorhynchia
 
-L. Graff
 
Schizorhynchia
 
-J. Meixner
 
Pan-Brachiopoda
 
-S. J. Carlson and B. L. Cohen
 
Brachiopoda
 
-A. Duméril
 
Pan-Neoarticulata
 
-S. J. Carlson and B. L. Cohen
 
Neoarticulata
 
-S. J. Carlson and B. L. Cohen
 
Cephalopoda
 
-J. Macartney
 
Nautilus
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Neocoleoidea
 
-W. Haas
 
Decapodiformes
 
-R. E. Young, M. Vecchione and D. T. Donovan
 
Vampyroteuthis
 
-C. Chun
 
Octopoda
 
-W. Leach
 
Ecdysozoa
 
-A. M. A. Aguinaldo, J. M. Turbeville, L. S. Linford, M. C. Rivera, J. A. Garey, R. A. Raff, and J. A. Lake
 
Nematomorpha
 
-Vejdovsky
 
Pan-Nematoda
 
-A.B. Smythe
 
Nematoda
 
-C. Diesing
 
Branchiopoda
 
-J.-B. Lamarck
 
Insecta
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Trichoptera
 
-W. Kirby
 
Polycarpidea
 
-C. S. Bate
 
Prochaelata
 
-M. L. Christoffersen
 
Araneae
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Mesothelae
 
-R. I. Pocock
 
Opisthothelae
 
-R. I. Pocock
 
Mygalomorphae
 
-R. I. Pocock
 
Araneomorphae
 
-F. P. Smith
 
Orbicularae
 
-C. A. Walckenaer
 
Deuterostomia
 
-K. Grobben
 
Ambulacraria
 
-V. E. Metschnikoff
 
Hemichordata
 
-W. Bateson
 
Enteropneusta
 
-C. Gegenbaur
 
Pterobranchia
 
-E. R. Lankester
 
Pan-Echinodermata
 
-C. D. Sumrall
 
Echinodermata
 
-T. Klein
 
Edrioasterida†
 
-B. M. Bell
 
Isorophida†
 
-B. M. Bell
 
Isorophina†
 
-B. M. Bell
 
Agelacrinitidae†
 
-E. J. Chapman
 
Lepidodiscina†
 
-C. D. Sumrall
 
Discocystinae†
 
-C. D. Sumrall
 
Chordata
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Cephalochordata
 
-R. Owen
 
Tunicata
 
-J. B. Lamarck
 

Section 6

Pan-Gnathostomata
 
-J. P. Downs
 
Apo-Gnathostomata
 
-J. P. Downs
 
Gnathostomata
 
-C. Gegenbaur
 
Pan-Osteichthyes
 
-T. Rowe
 
Osteichthyes
 
-T. H. Huxley
 
Pan-Actinopterygii
 
-T. Rowe
 
Actinopterygii
 
-A.S. Woodward
 
Pan-Actinopteri
 
-J.A. Moore and T.J. Near
 
Actinopteri
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Pan-Neopterygii
 
-J.A. Moore and T.J. Near
 
Neopterygii
 
-C. T. Regan
 
Pan-Teleostei
 
-J.A. Moore and T.J. Near
 
Teleostei
 
-J. Müller
 
Ostariophysi
 
-M. Sagemehl
 
Otophysi
 
-W. Garstang
 
Pan-Siluriformes
 
-J. G. Lundberg
 
Siluriformes
 
-O. P. Hay
 
Stegocephali
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Labyrinthodontia
 
-R. Owen
 
Anthracosauria†
 
-G. Säve-Söderbergh
 
Seymouriamorpha†
 
-D. M. S. Watson
 
Tetrapoda
 
-B. Hatschek and C. J. Cori
 
Amphibia
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Lissamphibia
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Gymnophiona
 
-C. S. Rafinesque Schmaltz
 
Caudata
 
-J. A. Scopoli
 
Pan-Amniota
 
-T. Rowe
 
Amniota
 
-E. Haeckel
 

Section 7

Pan-Mammalia1
 
-T. B. Rowe
 
Synapsida1
 
-H. F. Osborn
 
Therapsida
 
-R. Broom
 
Cynodontia
 
-R. Owen
 
Mammaliamorpha
 
-T. B. Rowe
 
Mammaliaformes
 
-T. B. Rowe
 
Mammalia
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Pan-Monotremata
 
-T. B. Rowe, B.-A. Bhullar, and R. V. S. Wallace
 
Monotremata
 
-G. Fischer
 
Pan-Xenarthra
 
-B. J. Shockey
 
Xenarthra
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Scandentia
 
-J. A. Wagner
 
Pan-Primates
 
-S. G. B. Chester and E. J. Sargis
 
Primates
 
-C. Linnaeus]
 
Apo-Chiroptera
 
-A. L. Cirranello, N. B. Simmons, and G. F. Gunnell
 
Chiroptera
 
-J. F. Blumenbach
 
Yinpterochiroptera
 
-M. S. Springer
 
Yangochiroptera
 
-K. F. Koopman
 
Ungulata
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Artiodactyla
 
-R. Owen
 
Pan-Cetacea
 
-T. A. Deméré
 
Cetacea
 
-M. J. Brisson
 
Pan-Bovidae
 
-F. Bibi and E. S. Vrba
 
Cavicornia
 
-C. Illiger
 
Bovidae
 
-J. E. Gray
 
Bovinae
 
-T. Gill
 
Antilopinae
 
-S. F. Baird
 
Pan-Carnivora
 
-J. J. Flynn, A. R. Wyss, and M. Wolsan
 
Carnivora
 
-T. Bowdich
 
Pan-Feliformia
 
-M. Wolsan, J. J. Flynn & A. R. Wyss
 
Feliformia
 
-M. Kretzoi
 
Pan-Caniformia
 
-M. Wolsan, J. J. Flynn & A. R. Wyss
 
Caniformia
 
-M. Kretzoi
 
Pan-Arctoidea
 
-M. Wolsan, H. N. Bryant, J. J. Flynn, and A. R. Wyss
 
Arctoidea
 
-W. H. Flower
 
Pan-Pinnipedia
 
-M. Wolsan, A. R. Wyss, A. Berta, and J. J. Flynn
 
Pinnipedia
 
-C. Illiger

Section 8

Reptilia
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Diapsida
 
-H. F. Osborn
 
Pan-Testudines
 
-W. G. Joyce, J. F. Parham, and J. A. Gauthier
 
Testudinata
 
-I. T. Klein
 
Testudines
 
-A. J. G. C. Batsch
 
Pan-Pleurodira
 
-W. G. Joyce, J. F. Parham, and J. A. Gauthier
 
Pleurodira
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Pan-Cryptodira
 
-W. G. Joyce, J. F. Parham, and J. A. Gauthier
 
Cryptodira
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Sauria
 
-J. McCartney
 
Pan-Lepidosauria
 
-J. A. Gauthier and K. de Queiroz
 
Lepidosauria
 
-E. Haeckel
 
Pan-Squamata
 
-J. A. Gauthier and K. de Queiroz
 
Squamata
 
-M. Oppel
 
Mosasauridae†
 
-P. Gervais
 
Pan-Gekkota
 
-A. M. Bauer
 
Gekkota
 
-C. L. Camp
 
Pan-Amphisbaenia
 
-M. Kearney and K. de Queiroz
 
Amphisbaenia
 
-J. E. Gray
 
Pan-Serpentes
 
-J. Head, K. de Queiroz and H. Greene
 
Serpentes
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Pan-Iguania
 
-Krister T. Smith
 
Iguania
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Pan-Iguanidae
 
-Krister T. Smith
 
Iguanidae
 
-T. Bell
 
Pan-Acrodonta
 
-Krister T. Smith
 
Acrodonta
 
-H. Stannius
 
Pan-Archosauria
 
-J. A. Gauthier
 
Archosauromorpha
 
-F. von Huene
 
Archosauriformes
 
-J. A. Gauthier
 
Archosauria
 
-E. D. Cope
 
Pterosauromorpha†
 
-E. Kuhn-Schnyder and H. Rieber
 
Pterosauria†
 
-R. Owen
 
Pterodactyloidea†
 
-F. Plieninger
 
Dinosauria
 
-R. Owen
 
Saurischia
 
-H. G. Seeley
 
Sauropodomorpha†
 
-F. R. von Huene
 
Theropoda
 
-O. C. Marsh
 
Aves
 
-C. Linnaeus
 
Galloanserae
 
-C. Sibley, J. E. Ahlquist, and B. L. Monroe
 
Cuculidae
 
-W. E. Leach
 
Mirandornithes
 
-G. Sangster
 
Charadriiformes
 
-A. H. Garrod
 
Procellariiformes
 
-M. Fürbringer
 
Strigiformes
 
-R. B. Sharpe
 
Picidae
 
-W. E. Leach
 
Psittaciformes
 
-M. Fürbringer]
 
Daedalornithes
 
-G. Sangster
 
Apodiformes
 
-J. L. Peters
 

Biography

Kevin de Queiroz is a vertebrate, evolutionary, and systematic biologist. He has worked in the phylogenetics and evolutionary biology of squamate reptiles, the development of a unified species concept and of a phylogenetic approach to biological nomenclature, and the philosophy of systematic biology. He received a B.S. in Biology from the University of California, Los Angeles (1978), a M.S. in Zoology from San Diego State University (1985), and a Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of California, Berkeley (1989). He was a Tilton Postdoctoral Fellow at the California Academy of Sciences and is currently a Research Zoologist and a curator of the collection of Amphibians and Reptiles at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. He is a former president of the Society of Systematic Biologists and was the first president of the International Society for Phylogenetic Nomenclature.

D. Cantino received his Ph.D. from Harvard University and is currently Professor Emeritus in Environmental and Plant Biology at ohio University. His primary interests are angiosperm systematics (with emphasis on the phylogeny and taxonomy of Labiatae) and phylogenetic nomenclature, an alternative to traditional biological nomenclature that is designed to name the parts of the tree of life by explicit reference to phylogeny. He is an active member of the Committee on Phylogenetic Nomenclature.

Jacques Gauthier received a B.S. and M.S. degrees in Zoology at San Diego State University, and a PhD in Paleontology from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1984. Currently he is a Professor of Geology and Geophysics and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology and Vertebrate Zoology at Yale University. His published works include a classic work on the paleontology and phylogeny of the lizard clade Anguimorpha, the first major cladistic analysis of Diapsida, which argued for the monophyly of the dinosaurs, and an important paper on the origin of birds from theropods. Gauthier's corpus is remarkable in that he contributed the foundational phylogenetic studies of Archosauria and Lepidosauria, two major amniote clades; and he was the primary author of the foundational and still widely cited phylogenetic study of Amniota as a whole. More recently, he has argued together with Kevin de Queiroz for replacing Linnaean taxonomy with the PhyloCode. In addition to his theoretical work on systematics and taxonomy, Gauthier continues to study the anatomy and relationships of diapsids, particularly lepidosaurs. His lizard work currently focuses on Scincomorpha, following on a career-long interest in the unusual clade Xantusiidae.