For the past century, it has been known that plants possess genetically inherited resistance mechanisms to combat phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses, and that the relationship between pathogens and host plants is highly specialized and complex. As techniques of molecular biology have developed over the past 25 years, our understanding of the molecular basis of these relationships has advanced significantly.
Molecular Plant Pathology, the fourth volume in the Annual Plant Reviews series, discusses the ways by which molecular plant pathology can be exploited to control disease and thereby maximize crop yield. It covers the three main areas of plant pathology: how pathogens cause disease; (the molecular signaling that takes place between plant and pathogen); how plants resist disease (what is known about resistance genes, apoptosis, and systemic-acquired resistance); and how molecular plant pathology can be exploited to control disease.
Since disease control is directly related to increased crop production, the topics covered in this book are of major economic significance. This economic importance coupled with the clear, concise coverage of the materials, render Molecular Plant Pathology an extremely useful reference for academic and industrial researchers in plant pathology and other related areas of study.
Features
Introduction
The Rice Blast Fungus, Magnaporthe grisea
The Onset of Infection: Infection Court Preparation and Appressorium Differentiation
Appressorium-Mediated Plant Infection
The Plant Response to Infection: Resistance and Susceptibility
Signal Transduction Pathways Mediating Plant Infection
Future Exploration of Signaling Mechanisms in M. grisea
Conclusions
Bacterial Pathogenicity, E. Huguet
Introduction
To Become a Successful Phytopathogen
Features of the Hrp Type III Pathway that are Conserved with Type III Secretion Systems in Animal Pathogens
Specific Aspects of Type III Protein Secretion in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
Concluding Remarks
Viral Pathogenicity, S. Nettleship and G.D. Foster
Introduction
Viral Gene Functions
Virus-Host Interactions
Virus Interactions with Resistance Genes
Conclusions
Genetic Analysis and Evolution of Plant Disease Resistance Genes, P.N. Dodds, G.J. Lawrence, A. Pryor, and J. Ellis
Introduction
Features of Cloned Resistance Genes
Control of Resistance Gene Specificity
Do Resistance Proteins Interact Directly with Avirulence Determinants?
Organization of Resistance Gene Loci
Evolution of Resistance Genes by Divergent Selection
Evolution of Resistance Genes by Recombination
Concluding Remarks
Resistance Genes and Resistance Protein Function, D.A. Jones
Introduction
The TIR Domain
Do the NBS-LRR Plant Resistant Proteins Lacking an N-Terminal Domain Form a Distinct Group of Related Proteins?
The NBS Domain is a Regulatory Motif Shared by Resistance Proteins in Plants, Apoptotic Proteins in Animals and Pleiotropic Regulatory Proteins in Gram-Positive Bacteria
NBS-LRR Proteins are Involved in Human Innate Immunity
Do the LRR Domains Perform More than One Function in Resistance Signaling?
Relationship with Membranes
Direct or Indirect Interaction with Avr Gene Products
The Relationship Between the Hypersensitive Response and Induction of PR Proteins in Plant Disease Resistance May Parallel that of Cell Death and Innate Immunity in Animals
Conclusion
Signaling in Plant Disease Resistance, J.E. Parker
Introduction
Resistance Proteins as Signaling Molecules
Early Cellular Reprogramming
Genetic Dissection of Disease Resistance Pathways
Concluding Remarks
Programmed Cell Death in Plants in Response to Pathogen Attack, P.R. Birch, A.O. Avrova, A. Dellagi, C. Lacomme. S. Santa Cruz, and G.D. Lyon
Introduction
Comparison of the Morphologies of Apoptosis in Animals and PCD in the Plant Hypersensitive Response
Comparison of the Molecular Bases of Apoptosis in Animals and PCD in the Plant Hypersensitive Response
Conclusion: is the Plant Hypersenstive Response Apoptosis?
Systemic Acquired Resistance, C. Barker
Introduction
Biochemical Analysis of Systematic Signalling
Genetic Analysis of the SAR Pathway
SA/NPRI Independent Resistance Pathways
Concluding Remarks
Transgenic Approaches to Disease-Resistant Plants as Exemplified by Viruses, J.A. Walsh
Introduction
Pathogen-Derived Resistance to Plant Viruses
Prokaryotic Genes
Non-Plant Eukaryotic Genes
Plant Genes
Perceived Risks Associated with Transgenic Resistance
Concluding Remarks
Emerging Technologies and Their Application in the Study of Host-Pathogen Interaction, R.A. Dietrich
Introduction
Genetic Approaches
Genomics-Based Approaches
Bioinformatics
Conclusions
Index
Biography
Dickinson\, Matthew; Beynon\, James