1st Edition

Molecular Plant Pathology

Edited By Matthew Dickinson, James Beynon Copyright 2000

    For the past century, it has been known that plants possess genetically inherited resistance mechanisms to combat phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses, and that the relationship between pathogens and host plants is highly specialized and complex. As techniques of molecular biology have developed over the past 25 years, our understanding of the molecular basis of these relationships has advanced significantly.
    Molecular Plant Pathology, the fourth volume in the Annual Plant Reviews series, discusses the ways by which molecular plant pathology can be exploited to control disease and thereby maximize crop yield. It covers the three main areas of plant pathology: how pathogens cause disease; (the molecular signaling that takes place between plant and pathogen); how plants resist disease (what is known about resistance genes, apoptosis, and systemic-acquired resistance); and how molecular plant pathology can be exploited to control disease.
    Since disease control is directly related to increased crop production, the topics covered in this book are of major economic significance. This economic importance coupled with the clear, concise coverage of the materials, render Molecular Plant Pathology an extremely useful reference for academic and industrial researchers in plant pathology and other related areas of study.

    Features

    Fungal Pathogenicity - Establishing Infection, P.V. Balhadère and N.J. Talbot
    Introduction
    The Rice Blast Fungus, Magnaporthe grisea
    The Onset of Infection: Infection Court Preparation and Appressorium Differentiation
    Appressorium-Mediated Plant Infection
    The Plant Response to Infection: Resistance and Susceptibility
    Signal Transduction Pathways Mediating Plant Infection
    Future Exploration of Signaling Mechanisms in M. grisea
    Conclusions
    Bacterial Pathogenicity, E. Huguet
    Introduction
    To Become a Successful Phytopathogen
    Features of the Hrp Type III Pathway that are Conserved with Type III Secretion Systems in Animal Pathogens
    Specific Aspects of Type III Protein Secretion in Plant Pathogenic Bacteria
    Concluding Remarks
    Viral Pathogenicity, S. Nettleship and G.D. Foster
    Introduction
    Viral Gene Functions
    Virus-Host Interactions
    Virus Interactions with Resistance Genes
    Conclusions
    Genetic Analysis and Evolution of Plant Disease Resistance Genes, P.N. Dodds, G.J. Lawrence, A. Pryor, and J. Ellis
    Introduction
    Features of Cloned Resistance Genes
    Control of Resistance Gene Specificity
    Do Resistance Proteins Interact Directly with Avirulence Determinants?
    Organization of Resistance Gene Loci
    Evolution of Resistance Genes by Divergent Selection
    Evolution of Resistance Genes by Recombination
    Concluding Remarks
    Resistance Genes and Resistance Protein Function, D.A. Jones
    Introduction
    The TIR Domain
    Do the NBS-LRR Plant Resistant Proteins Lacking an N-Terminal Domain Form a Distinct Group of Related Proteins?
    The NBS Domain is a Regulatory Motif Shared by Resistance Proteins in Plants, Apoptotic Proteins in Animals and Pleiotropic Regulatory Proteins in Gram-Positive Bacteria
    NBS-LRR Proteins are Involved in Human Innate Immunity
    Do the LRR Domains Perform More than One Function in Resistance Signaling?
    Relationship with Membranes
    Direct or Indirect Interaction with Avr Gene Products
    The Relationship Between the Hypersensitive Response and Induction of PR Proteins in Plant Disease Resistance May Parallel that of Cell Death and Innate Immunity in Animals
    Conclusion
    Signaling in Plant Disease Resistance, J.E. Parker
    Introduction
    Resistance Proteins as Signaling Molecules
    Early Cellular Reprogramming
    Genetic Dissection of Disease Resistance Pathways
    Concluding Remarks
    Programmed Cell Death in Plants in Response to Pathogen Attack, P.R. Birch, A.O. Avrova, A. Dellagi, C. Lacomme. S. Santa Cruz, and G.D. Lyon
    Introduction
    Comparison of the Morphologies of Apoptosis in Animals and PCD in the Plant Hypersensitive Response
    Comparison of the Molecular Bases of Apoptosis in Animals and PCD in the Plant Hypersensitive Response
    Conclusion: is the Plant Hypersenstive Response Apoptosis?
    Systemic Acquired Resistance, C. Barker
    Introduction
    Biochemical Analysis of Systematic Signalling
    Genetic Analysis of the SAR Pathway
    SA/NPRI Independent Resistance Pathways
    Concluding Remarks
    Transgenic Approaches to Disease-Resistant Plants as Exemplified by Viruses, J.A. Walsh
    Introduction
    Pathogen-Derived Resistance to Plant Viruses
    Prokaryotic Genes
    Non-Plant Eukaryotic Genes
    Plant Genes
    Perceived Risks Associated with Transgenic Resistance
    Concluding Remarks
    Emerging Technologies and Their Application in the Study of Host-Pathogen Interaction, R.A. Dietrich
    Introduction
    Genetic Approaches
    Genomics-Based Approaches
    Bioinformatics
    Conclusions
    Index

    Biography

    Dickinson\, Matthew; Beynon\, James