4th Edition
Modern Ceramic Engineering Properties, Processing, and Use in Design, Fourth Edition
Since the publication of its Third Edition, there have been many notable advances in ceramic engineering. Modern Ceramic Engineering, Fourth Edition serves as an authoritative text and reference for both professionals and students seeking to understand key concepts of ceramics engineering by introducing the interrelationships among the structure, properties, processing, design concepts, and applications of advanced ceramics. Written in the same clear manner that made the previous editions so accessible, this latest edition has been expanded to include new information in almost every chapter, as well as two new chapters that present a variety of relevant case studies. The new edition now includes updated content on nanotechnology, the use of ceramics in integrated circuits, flash drives, and digital cameras, and the role of miniaturization that has made our modern digital devices possible, as well as information on electrochemical ceramics, updated discussions on LEDs, lasers and optical applications, and the role of ceramics in energy and pollution control technologies. It also highlights the increasing importance of modeling and simulation.
Part I: Ceramics as Engineering Materials
Chapter 1: What Is a Ceramic?
1.1 Definitions of Ceramics
1.2 Material Types Generally Considered in the Ceramics Family
1.3 So What Is a Ceramic?
Special Optional Assignment
References
Study Guide
Chapter 2: History of Ceramics
2.1 Ceramics in the Stone Age
2.2 The Rise of Traditional Ceramic Industries
2.3 From Traditional to Modern Ceramics
2.4 Summary
References
Study Guide
Chapter 3: Applications: Engineering with Ceramics
3.1 High-Temperature Applications
3.2 Wear and Corrosion Resistance Applications
3.3 Cutting and Grinding
3.4 Electrical Applications of Ceramics
3.5 Magnetic Ceramics
3.6 Optical Applications of Ceramics
3.7 Composites
3.8 Medical Applications of Ceramics
3.9 Energy Efficiency and Pollution Control
3.10 Military
3.11 Recreation
3.12 Modelling and Simulation…
3.13 Summary
References
Study Guide
Part II: Structure and Properties
Chapter 4: Atomic Bonding and Crystal Structure
4.1 Electronic Configuration of Atoms
4.2 Bonding
4.3 Polymorphic Forms and Transformations
4.4 Noncrystalline Structures
4.5 Molecular Structures
4.5.5 Cross-Linking and Branching
References
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 5: Crystal Chemistry and Specific Crystal Structures
5.1 Crystal Structure Notations
5.2 Crystal Chemistry of Ceramics
5.3 Metallic and Ceramic Crystal Structures
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 6: Phase Equilibria and Phase Equilibrium Diagrams
6.1 Phase Equilibrium Diagrams
6.2 Phase Equilibrium Diagram Composition Calculations
6.3 Isoplethal Crystallization Paths
6.4 Nonequilibrium Behavior
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 7: Physical and Thermal Behavior
7.1 Physical Properties
7.2 Thermal Properties
7.3 Thermal Expansion
References
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 8: Mechanical Behavior and Measurement
8.1 Elasticity
8.2 Strength
8.3 Fracture Toughness
8.4 Ductile Versus Brittle Behavior
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 9: Time, Temperature, and Environmental Effects on Properties
9.1 Creep
9.2 Static Fatigue
9.3 Chemicl Effects
9.4 Mechanically Induced Effects
9.5 Thermal Shock
References
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 10: Electrical Behavior
10.1 Fundamentals and Definitions
10.2 Electronic Conductivity
10.3 Ionic Conductivity
10.4 Conductive Polymers
10.5 Electrical Insulators
10.6 Semiconductors
10.7 Superconductivity
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 11: Dielectric, Magnetic, and Optical Behavior
11.1 Dielectric Properties
11.2 Magnetic Behavior
11.3 Optical Behavior
References
Problems
Study Guide
Part III: Processing of Ceramics
Chapter 12: Introduction to Ceramic Fabrication Approaches and to Powder Processing
12.1 General Ceramic Processing Approaches
12.1.1 Conventional Ceramic Processing By Compaction of Powders
12.1.2 Refractories Processing
12.1.3 Melting and Fusion Ceramics Processing
12.1.4 Romm or Low Temperature Processing
12.1.5 Other Ceramic Processing Options
12.2 Powder Processing
12.3 Powder Preparation and Sizing
12.4 Preconsolidation
12.5 Batch Determination
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 13: Shape-Forming Processes
13.1 Pressing
13.2 Casting
13.3 Plastic Forming
13.4 Green Machining
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 14: Densification
14.1 Theory of Sintering
14.2 Modified Densification Processes
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 15: Final Machining
15.1 Mechanisms of Material Removal
15.2 Effects on Strength
15.3 Additional Sources of Information
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 16: Quality Assurance
16.1 In-Process QA
16.2 Specification and Certification
16.3 Proof Testing
16.4 Nondestructive Inspection
16.5 Quality Problem Solving and Improvement
16.6 Future Developments in Quality Assurance
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Part IV: Design with Ceramics
Chapter 17: Design Considerations
17.1 Requirements of the Application
17.2 Property Limitations
17.3 Fabrication Limitations
17.4 Cost Considerations
17.5 Reliability Requirements
17.6 Summary
References
Study Guide
Chapter 18: Design Approaches
18.1 Empirical Design
18.2 Deterministic Design
18.3 Probabilistic Design
18.4 Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Approach
18.5 Combined Approaches
18.6 Computer Assisted Design (CAD)
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Problems
Study Guide
Chapter 19: Failure Analysis
19.1 Fractography
19.2 Summary
References
Additional Recommended Reading
Study Guide
Chapter 20: Toughening of Ceramics
20.1 Toughening Mechanisms
20.2 Examples of Toughened Ceramics
20.3 Summary
References
Problems
Study Guide
Part V: Applying Ceramics to Real World Challenges
Chapter 21: Solving Past Challenges—Case Studies
21.1 Evolution of the Integrated Circuit
21.2 Evolution of the Flash Memory and the Digital Camera
21.3 Challenges of the Digital Watch
21.4 Invention and Evolution of the Catalytic Converter
21.5 Bioglass amd Bioceramics
21.6 Refractories Evolution
21.7 Ceramics in the Nuclear Industry
21.8 Silicon Nitride: Seeking Uses for a New Material
References.
Chapter 22: Where Next for Ceramics? Future Trends and Challenges
22.1 Nanotechnology and Nanoprocessing
22.2 Ceramics in Environmental Clean-up
22.3 Raw Material Challenges
22.4 Modelling
22.5 Advances in Processing
22.6 Extreme Environment Challenges
References
Appendix A
Glossary
Appendix B
Effective Ionic Radii for Cations and Anions
Appendix C
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Index
Biography
David W. Richerson received degrees in Ceramic Science and Engineering from the University of Utah (1967) and The Pennsylvania State University (1969). He conducted research on boron carbide armor, silicon nitride, and composites at Norton Company from 1969 to 1973; coordinated materials efforts from 1973 to 1985 at Garrett Turbine Engine Company to integrate ceramic materials into gas turbine engines; and conducted and managed a wide range of materials programs while Director of Research and Development and later Vice President at Ceramatec, Inc. from 1985 to 1991. From 1991 to the present Mr. Richerson has worked as a consultant, taught at the University of Utah, and planned and conducted volunteer science outreach projects in schools and in the community. Mr. Richerson has authored or co-authored 9 books, 13 book chapters, 21 government program final reports, 5 patents, and 59 technical publications and has made numerous technical and educational presentations including two-day to four-day short courses worldwide. Mr. Richerson is a Fellow and past board member of the American Ceramic Society, a member of the National Institute of Ceramic Engineers and the Ceramic Education Council, and a past member of ASM International.
William E. Lee received a BSc in Physical Metallurgy from Aston University in the UK (1980) and a DPhil from Oxford University (1983) on radiation damage in sapphire. After post-doctoral research at Case Western Reserve University he became an Assistant Professor at the Ohio State University USA before returning to a lectureship at Sheffield University in the UK in 1989 and becoming Professor there in 1998. He moved to be head of the Materials Department at Imperial College London in 2006. His research has covered structure-property-processing relations in a range of ceramics including electroceramics, glasses and glass ceramics, nuclear ceramics, refractories, Ultra-high Temperature Ceramics and whitewares. He has supervised 61 students to completion of their PhDs, and authored and co-authored over 400 articles including 5 books, 7 edited proceedings or journal special issues, 6 invited book/encyclopaedia chapters and 14 invited review papers. Prof. Lee is a Fellow of the UKs Royal Academy of Engineering, the City and Guilds Institute, the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and the American Ceramic Society for whom he was President in 2016/17.
