Introduction to Geophysical Formation Evaluation

Summary

These three works cover the entire field of formation evaluation, from basic concepts and theories, through standard methods used by the petroleum industry, on to new and exciting applications in environmental science and engineering, hydrogeology, and other fields. Designed to be used individually or as a set, these volumes represent the first comprehensive assessment of all exploration methodologies. No other books offer the breadth of information and range of applications available in this set.
The first volume, Introduction to Geophysical Formation Evaluation, is the perfect introductory reference for environmental professionals without previous training in the field. It explains the fundamentals of geophysical exploration and analysis, illuminates the underlying theories, and offers practical guidance on how to use the available methodologies. General information on material behavior, porosity, tortuosity, permeability, cores, resistivity, radioactivity, and more provides a solid foundation for more advanced studies.
The second volume, Standard Methods of Geophysical Formation Evaluation builds on the basic precepts presented in the first work but can be used alone as a self-contained reference. It covers all the petroleum-oriented standard methods which, until recently, have comprised the majority of applications of geophysical formation evaluation. It also points out non-hydrocarbon uses of petroleum methods. This volume provides complete practical information and instructions on using the standard exploration and evaluation methods. It presents comprehensive, painstakingly detailed instructions for resistivity, radiation, and acoustic methods.
The third volume, Non-Hydrocarbon Methods of Geophysical Formation Evaluation, discusses uses of formation evaluation in environmental science and engineering, hydrogeology, and other fields outside the petroleum industry, and demonstrates how the standard methods can be adapted to these non-hydrocarbon purposes. It presents step-by-step instructions for photon, magnetic, nuclear, and acoustic methods of exploration, and gives special attention to the analytical techniques used in non-hydrocarbon exploration.
Individually, each book is a complete, stand-alone reference on an important area of this changing field. Together, the three volumes provide the most complete practical compendium available on all aspects of formation evaluation.

Table of Contents

Introduction
Formation Evaluation
Operation
Methods of Gathering Information
The Borehole Environment
Data Reduction
Reserve Calculations
History
General
Formation Materials Characteristics
Petrophysics
Rock Types, Sandstones
Carbonates
Clay Minerals
Other Sedimentary Materials
Hard Rock Environments
General Considerations
Compaction and Overpressure
Fluids
Water Characteristics
Ionic Conduction in Water
Hydrocarbons and Gases
Porosity, Permeability, Tortuosity, Saturation
General
Porosity
Tortuosity
Permeability
Saturation
Overpressure
Saturation Evaluation
Demonstration
Water Cut
Water Cut Determinations
Borehole, Mud, and Formation Effects
Borehole Effects
Mud Logging
Lag
Hydrocarbon Logging
Sources of Gas
Gas Deflection
Analysis of the Drilling Data
Shale Factor
Invasion
Hole Considerations
Logging Tool Position
Cased Holes
Cores, Core Analysis, and Cuttings
Introduction
Uses of Coring
Types of Coring
Core Quality
Core Analysis
Core Information
Laboratory Measurements on Cores
Extractors
Retorting
Bulk Volume
Pore Volume, Boyle's Law Method
Pore Volume, Washburn-Bunting Method
Grain Density
Usual Practice, Pore Volume
Core Derived Permeabilities
Laboratory Measurements
Problems Associated with Core Derived Data
Cuttings Samples
Sidewall Coring
Fluid Sampling
Introduction to Electric Resistance and Resistivity
Resistance and Resistivity
Definitions
Resistance
Resistivity
Formation Resistivity
Cementation Exponent
Rock Texture, Sandstones
Rock Texture, Carbonates
Salinity
Rt vs. ? Crossplot, The Pickett Plot
The Nonlinear (Hingle) Crossplot
Introduction to Radioactivity
Definitions and Terms
Particle Description
Atoms
Photons
Electrons, Beta Particles, and Positrons
Neutrons
Protons and Similar Particles
Alpha Particles
Geophysical Logging Considerations
Health Physics
Index