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Introduction to Estimating, Plan Reading and Construction Techniques book cover

1st Edition

Introduction to Estimating, Plan Reading and Construction Techniques

By Gary Anglin Copyright 2020
    458 Pages
    by Routledge

    458 Pages
    by Routledge
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    To understand Construction Estimating one must also understand plan reading and construction techniques. This book is designed to teach the construction student these three core skills in equal measure. Using hundreds of plans, sketches, and photos, the book builds case studies of the major construction divisions including concrete, masonry, carpentry, and more. Over forty cases are divided into sections following a specially designed format:

    Plans: Scale drawings of floor plans, sections, or elevations.

    Plan Interpretation: The drawings are explained with comments.

    Scope of the Work: A written description of the boundaries of the work is given for each section.

    Construction Techniques: The construction processes and their sequence are explained.

    The Takeoff: A takeoff is shown at the end of each section.

    This approach helps foster confidence in plan reading, building methods, arithmetic, takeoffs, and estimates. The various products and terms used in the industries of structural steel, doors and hardware, and roofing are defined. The shop drawing process is explained, which is so important in many industries, as well as the role of and difference between manufacturers, fabricators, and suppliers/distributors. The book ends with a study of "front end" documents, including Division 00 General Conditions, AIA 201, and Division 01 General Requirements, and a chapter on Ethics. This textbook can be used to teach a variety of classes including plan reading, construction techniques, and estimating 1 and 2 (takeoffs and pricing).

    Introduction

    Section 1 How Parts 3, 4, and 6 are covered in this textbook

    Section 2 Plans and sketches for Parts 3, 4, and 6

    Section 3 Plan interpretation of Parts 3, 4, and 6

    Section 4 Scopes of work for Parts 3, 4, and 6

    Section 5 Construction techniques for Parts 3, 4, and 6

    Section 6 Takeoff formats of Parts 3, 4, and 6

    Section 7 How Parts 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are covered in this textbook

    Section 8 Terminology

    Section 9 Parts 11 and 12, contract documents and ethics

     

    PART 1: Plans and specifications

     

    1 Reading plans

    Section 1 Drawing illustrations

    Section 2 The interpretation of plans

     

    2 Plan types

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Architects and engineers

    Section 3 Plan iterations from schematic to permit sets

    Section 4 Civil engineering plan sets

    Section 5 Architectural plan sets

    Section 6 Structural plan sets

    Section 7 Mechanical plan sets

    Section 8 Plan Revisions

     

    3 The specifications

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 The old 16 divisions and the new CSI master format

    Section 3 Three parts of every specification

     

    PART 2: Estimating

     

    1 Quantities

    Section 1 Quantity surveys or takeoffs?

    Section 2 Takeoff rules and standard procedures

    Section 3 Summary

     

    2 Pricing

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Unit price sheet

    Section 3 P/S sheet

    Section 4 Church estimate

     

    3 A short history of bonding and liens

    Section 1 The Heard and Miller acts

    Section 2 Bid bonds

    Section 3 Payment bonds

    Section 4 Performance bonds

    Section 5 Bonding companies

    Section 6 Liens

     

    PART 3: Concrete

     

    1 Introduction

    Section 1 Ruling body, the American Concrete Institute

    Section 2 Form reinforce and pour

    Section 3 Concrete takeoffs

    Section 4 Formwork takeoffs

    Section 5 Concrete reinforcement

    Section 6 Excavation and grading

    Section 7 Summary

     

    2 Isolated concrete pads

    Section 1 Drawings and photos of concrete pads

    Section 2 Earthforming concrete pads

    Section 3 Overexcavation and edgeform concrete pads up to 12″ high

    Section 4 Plywood forms for concrete pads over 12″ high

     

    3 Continuous concrete footings

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Centerlines and rectangles

    Section 3 Footings and backfill

    Section 4 Footing stepdowns

     

    4 Slabs on grade

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Fill dirt and slab thickened edges

    Section 3 Thickened slabs

    Section 4 Embeds

     

    5 Monolithic slabs

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Changing triangles into rectangles

    Section 3 Brick ledges

    Section 4 Basketball courts and keyways

     

    6 Concrete walls

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Wall formwork design

    Section 3 Blockouts

    Section 4 Retaining walls and waterstop

    Section 5 Concrete walls

     

    7 Concrete columns

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Foundation piers

    Section 3 Columns, chamfer strips, and recesses

     

    8 Concrete beams

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Tie beams and beam bottoms

    Section 3 Concrete beams

    Section 4 Rake beams

     

    9 Elevated concrete slabs

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Slab on deck

    Section 3 Second floor porch and stairs

     

    PART 4: Masonry

     

    1 Products and metrics

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Masonry contractors and products

    Section 3 Block openings

    Section 4 Counting block

    Section 5 Counting concrete in blocks

    Section 6 Bricks

     

    2 Foundation blocks

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Header blocks

    Section 3 Elevator shaft

    Section 4 Lintel blocks

     

    3 Single-story block walls

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Block wall case study

    Section 3 Wall length quiz

    Section 4 Bond beams and precast U lintels

    Section 5 Block columns and outs

     

    4 Multiple block wall heights

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Material bin block walls

    Section 3 Block walls and door headers

    Section 4 Block walls

     

    5 Sloping block walls

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 12″ block

    Section 3 Special block

     

    6 Brick

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Brick veneer

    Section 3 Solid brick walls

     

    PART 5: Steel

     

    1 Structural steel

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 The AISC and the steel manual

    Section 3 Drawings

    Section 4 Subcontractors and suppliers

    Section 5 Structural steel products

    Section 6 Steel connections

    Section 7 Construction techniques

    Section 8 Estimating

    Section 9 A short history of American steel

     

    2 Steel joists and steel decks

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Ruling bodies, SJI and SDI

    Section 3 Steel joist products and profiles

    Section 4 Steel deck products and profiles

    Section 5 Steel joist designations and characteristics

    Section 6 Joist and deck suppliers and contractors

    Section 7 Joist and deck plans

    Section 8 Steel joist bearing, bridging, and extensions

    Section 9 Construction techniques

    Section 10 Joist and deck fireproofing

    Section 11 Estimating

     

    3 Miscellaneous steel

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Shop drawings

    Section 3 Wrought iron architecture and ornamental metals

    Section 4 Fabrication

    Section 5 Handrails and guardrails

    Section 6 Bollards

    Section 7 Stairwells and metal pans

    Section 8 Campus stair tower plans

    Section 9 Stair tower takeoff

    Section 10 Photo of three misc. steel projects

     

    PART 6: Carpentry

     

    1 Products and metrics

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Wood components not shown on plans

    Section 3 Lumber types and metrics

    Section 4 Units of measure

    Section 5 Conversion factors

    Section 6 Measuring areas and lengths of inclined surfaces

    Section 7 Carpentry takeoffs

    Section 8 Waste factors

     

    2 Floor framing

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Boardwalk

    Section 3 First floor framing

    Section 4 Second floor framing

     

    3 Wall framing

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Frame wall case study

    Section 3 4″, 6″, and 12″ stud walls

    Section 4 Three-wall addition

    Section 5 Two-story platform framing

    Section 6 Sloping walls

     

    4 Ceiling and roof framing

    Section 1 Photos and drawing(s)

    Section 2 Roof framing case study

    Section 3 Trusses, sheathing, and soffit

    Section 4 Ceiling joists and chases

    Section 5 Roof framing

     

    PART 7: Thermal and moisture protection

     

    1 Asphalt shingles

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 The shingle product

    Section 3 Construction techniques

    Section 4 Estimating

     

    2 Metal flashing

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Common flashings

    Section 3 Wall flashing

    Section 4 Curbs and gutters

     

    3 Metal roofing

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Substrates for metal roofs

    Section 3 Architectural metal panels

    Section 4 Structural metal panels

    Section 5 Metals and metal problems

     

    4 Moisture protection and waterproofing

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Vapor barriers (retarders)

    Section 3 Waterproofing and dampproofing

    Section 4 Estimating

     

    PART 8: Door and window openings

     

    1 Doors, frames, and hardware

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Ruling body, the Door and Hardware Institute

    Section 3 Suppliers and distributors

    Section 4 Door frames

    Section 5 Plans and door schedules

    Section 6 Submittals and shop drawings

    Section 7 Egress and fire ratings

    Section 8 Lock terminology

    Section 9 Construction techniques

    Section 10 Dudley job estimate

     

    PART 9: Finishes

     

    1 Metal studs

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Ruling bodies, SSMA and SFIA

    Section 3 Designations

    Section 4 Products

    Section 5 Estimating

    Section 6 Wood blocking

     

    2 Gypsum board

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Ruling body, the Gypsum Association

    Section 3 Gypsum products

    Section 4 Gypsum identification

    Section 5 Handling and storage

    Section 6 Smoke barriers

    Section 7 Fire resistance

    Section 8 Techniques

    Section 9 Joint compound

    Section 10 Estimating

     

    PART 10: Specialties

     

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Suppliers and distributors

    Section 3 Submittals

    Section 4 Wood blocking

    Section 5 Schoolhouse plans, specifications, and legends

    Section 6 Schoolhouse estimate

     

    PART 11: Construction documents

     

    1 What is (and isn’t) a contract document

    Section 1 Construction documents

    Section 2 The project manual

    Section 3 The drawings and technical specifications

    Section 4 Addenda

    Section 5 The generals and their conditions

    Section 6 The contract between owner and contractor, articles 5.3.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2

     

    2 Division 00 General Conditions

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Owners and users of facilities

    Section 3 The architect’s authority

    Section 4 The contractor’s responsibility

    Section 5 The contractor’s submittals

    Section 6 Change orders

    Section 7 Claims

    Section 8 Delays

    Section 9 Payment

    Section 10 Closeout

    Section 11 Unforeseen fire line case

    Section 12 Gooseneck faucet case

     

    3 Division 01 General Requirements

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Pre-bid

    Section 3 The bid

    Section 4 Preconstruction

    Section 5 During construction and the project site

     

    PART 12: Ethics

     

    Section 1 Introduction

    Section 2 Bad practice

    Section 3 Estimating

    Section 4 The bid price

    Section 5 The bid date

    Section 6 Plans

    Section 7 Payment

    Section 8 Performance

     

    Glossaries

    Concrete glossary

    Masonry glossary

    Steel joist and steel deck glossary

    Carpentry glossary

    Doors and hardware glossary

     

    Index

    Biography

    Gary Anglin is a construction firm owner with over 35 years' experience and former Adjunct Professor at the Rinker School of Building Construction, University of Florida, USA.

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