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Forensic Anthropology Laboratory Manual book cover

4th Edition

Forensic Anthropology Laboratory Manual

By Steven N. Byers, Chelsey A. Juarez Copyright 2017
    226 Pages
    by Routledge

    226 Pages
    by Routledge

    226 Pages
    by Routledge
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    This manual provides students in academic laboratory courses with hands-on experience of the major processes of forensic anthropology. Designed to accompany the textbook Introduction to Forensic Anthropology, the manual introduces core procedures and protocol, with exercise worksheets to reinforce the methodologies of forensic anthropology and enhance student comprehension.　For the fourth edition, the manual has been updated in line with the textbook, incorporating new methods, figures, and worksheets. Each chapter contains explanations of the terminology, osteological features, and measurements needed to understand each of the topics.　 Chapters may be covered in one session or multiple sessions and include lists of both basic and optional lab materials, enabling instructors to tailor each lab to the resources they have available.

    Preface

    Note to Instructors

    Note to Students

    1 Introduction

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 1.1: Basic Instruments and Their Use

    Exercise 1.2: Metric System and U.S. Measure

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    2 Basics of Human Osteology and Odontology

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Basic Terms

    Exercise 2.1: Cranial Skeleton

    Exercise 2.2: Axial Skeleton

    Exercise 2.3: Appendicular Skeleton: Upper Limbs

    Exercise 2.4: Appendicular Skeleton: Lower Limbs

    Exercise 2.5: Human Odontology

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    3 Establishing Medicolegal Significance

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Bone and Teeth Versus Other Material Exercise

    Minimum Materials

    HUMAN VERSUS NONHUMAN EXERCISE

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    CONTEMPORARY VERSUS NONCONTEMPORARY EXERCISE

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 3.1: Distinguishing Bone and Teeth From Other Material

    Exercise 3.2: Distinguishing Human from Nonhuman Remains

    Exercise 3.3: Distinguishing Contemporary from Noncontemporary Remains

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    4 Recovery Scene Methods

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 4.1: Surface-Deposited Body (Outdoor or Indoor)

    Exercise 4.2: Interred Body (Outdoor)

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    5 Estimating Postmortem Interval

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 5.1: Estimating PMI Using General Decomposition

    Exercise 5.2: Estimating PMI Using TADS and ADD

    Exercise 5.3: Estimating PMI Using Animal Scavenging

    Exercise 5.4: Estimating PMI Using Deterioration

    of Clothing and Other Materials

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    6 Initial Treatment and Examination

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 6.1: Reconstruction

    Exercise 6.2: Sorting

    Exercise 6.3: Reassembly

    Exercise 6.4: Inventorying Remains

    Exercise 6.5: Highly Fragmented Remains

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    7 Attribution of Ancestry

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 7.1: Attributing Ancestry Using Cranial Anthroposcopy

    Exercise 7.2: Attributing Ancestry Using Frequencies of Cranial Anthroposcopic Traits

    Exercise 7.3: Attributing Ancestry Using Cranial Metrics:
    Interorbital Indexes

    Exercise 7.4: Attributing Ancestry Using Cranial Metrics:
    Discriminant Functions

    Exercise 7.5: Attributing Ancestry Using Postcranial Anthroposcopy
    and Osteometry

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    8 Attribution of Sex

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 8.1: Attributing Sex Using Pelvic Anthroposcopy

    Exercise 8.2: Attributing Sex Using Pelvic Metrics:
    Ischium–Pubic Index

    Exercise 8.3: Attributing Sex Using Cranial Anthroposcopy

    Exercise 8.4: Attributing Sex Using Cranial Metrics:
    Discriminant Functions

    Exercise 8.5: Attributing Sex Using Postcranial Metrics

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    9 Estimation of Age at Death

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    SUBADULTS

    Exercise 9.1: Estimating Age at Death (Subadults)

    Using Long Limb Bone Measurements

    Exercise 9.2: Estimating Age at Death (Subadults)

    Using Union of Primary Ossification Centers

    Exercise 9.3: Estimating Age at Death (Subadults)

    Using Tooth Formation and Eruption

    Exercise 9.4: Estimating Age at Death (Subadults)

    Using Epiphyseal Union

    ADULTS

    Exercise 9.5: Estimating Age at Death (Adults)

    Using Symphyseal Surface

    Exercise 9.6: Estimating Age at Death (Adults)

    Using Auricular Surface of the Os Coxae

    Exercise 9.7: Estimating Age at Death (Adults)

    Using Sternal Rib Ends

    Exercise 9.8: Estimating Age at Death (Adults)

    Using Cranial Suture Closure

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    10 Calculation of Stature

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 10.1: Calculating Stature Using Long Limb Bones

    Exercise 10.2: Calculating Stature Using the Fully Method

    Exercise 10.3: Calculating Stature from Fleshed Body Segments

    Exercise 10.4: Calculating Stature Using Partial Long Limb Bones

    Exercise 10.5: Adjustments to Stature Calculations

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    11 Death, Trauma, and the Skeleton

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 11.1: Basics of Bone Trauma

    Exercise 11.2: Forces Causing Trauma

    Exercise 11.3: Types of Trauma

    Exercise 11.4: Timing of Bone Injury

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    12 Projectile Trauma

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 12.1: Analysis of Projectile Wounds

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    13 Blunt Trauma

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 13.1: Analyzing Blunt Trauma to the Skull

    Exercises 13.2A and 13.2B: Analyzing Blunt Trauma to the

    Postcranial Bones

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    14 Sharp and Miscellaneous Trauma

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 14.1: Analyzing Sharp Trauma

    Exercise 14.2: Analyzing Strangulation

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    15 Antemortem Skeletal Conditions

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 15.1: Analyzing Pathological Conditions

    Exercise 15.2: Analyzing Skeletal Anomalies

    Exercise 15.3: Analyzing Occupational Stress Markers

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    16 Postmortem Changes to Bone

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 16.1: Analyzing Saw Marks

    Exercise 16.2: Analyzing Other Postmortem Damage

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    17 Additional Aspects of Individualization

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 17.1: Facial Approximation

    Exercise 17.2: Estimating Body Weight

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    18 Obtaining an Identification

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 18.1: Identification from Radiographs

    Exercise 18.2: Identification From Photographic Superimposition 

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    19 Conclusion

    Learning Objectives

    Expected Outcomes

    Minimum Materials

    Optional Materials

    Exercise 19.1: Forensic Anthropology Report

    Exercise 19.2: Expert Witness Testimony Evaluation

    Note to Instructors

    Exercise Worksheets

    References

    Biography

    Steven N. Byers has a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of New Mexico (UNM), USA. Now retired, he worked for a number of years on various campuses of UNM, teaching courses in Forensic Anthropology, Biological Anthropology, and Archaeology. He is currently serving on the Anthropology Consensus Body of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences Standards Board, in addition to focusing on Southeastern United States bioarchaeology. Byers’ publications with Routledge include this title's sister volume Introduction to Forensic Anthropology (in its 5th edition).

    "The fifth edition of Forensic Anthropology Laboratory Manual is a welcome and necessary compliment to the textbook, Introduction to Forensic Anthropology. Designed to work in conjunction with the book chapters, the lab manual elaborates on specific concepts and provides an easy to follow lab exercise that illustrates the application of those concepts. Topics that were once difficult to convey to students have now been simplified and explained in this lab manual, allowing the student to fully immerse in the current and challenging field of Forensic Anthropology."

    - Ann Marie Mires, Director of Forensic Criminology at Anna Maria College, USA

     

    "Steven Byers’ 4th edition is the new gold standard for forensic methods. Students use the Lab Manual to understand and easily master the hands-on techniques of forensics. Each exercise clearly links lecture content to experiential learning. This edition isn't just required reading for the students, its also my favorite lab partner."

    - Monica Faraldo, Department of Anthropology, University of Miami, USA

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