1st Edition

Fluoride in Drinking Water Status, Issues, and Solutions

By A.K. Gupta, S. Ayoob Copyright 2016
    210 Pages 12 Color & 29 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    210 Pages 12 Color & 29 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Explore the Health Effects of Fluoride Pollution

    Fluoride in Drinking Water: Status, Issues, and Solutions establishes the negative impacts of naturally occurring fluoride on human health and considers the depth and scope of fluoride pollution on an international scale. The book discusses current global water quality and fluoride-related issues and draws overall awareness to the problems associated with fluoride in drinking water.

    Utilizing recent scientific studies to examine the current status of fluoride pollution, it provides a fundamental understanding of fluorosis, describes health problems associated with fluorosis, and discusses viable scientific solutions. The book places special emphasis on India, Africa, China, and other countries deeply affected by fluoride pollution.

    A single, comprehensive source covering health issues related to fluoride and its effect on humans, this book:

    • Compiles information from scientific literature on the state of fluoride pollution
    • Characterizes the human impacts of fluorosis
    • Provides a comparative evaluation of technologies used for defluoridation
    • Gives a comprehensive account of human health effects with appropriate scientific descriptions and photographs
    • Includes detailed descriptions on the geochemistry of fluoride entry into groundwater aquifers
    • Presents a case study that deals with the successful removal of fluoride from drinking water

    A vital resource for environmental and public health officials as well as academic researchers in the area, Fluoride in Drinking Water: Status, Issues, and Solutions covers human health issues associated with fluoride-rich water and describes relevant techniques for defluoridation that can be used to overcome the stress, issues, and challenges of natural fluoride in drinking water.

    Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Global Perspective
    Introduction
    Drinking-Water Scenario
    Geogenic Pollutants
    Fluoride in Humans
    Genesis of Fluoride in Groundwater
    Summary
    References

    Scenario of Fluoride Pollution

    Introduction
    Global Scenario
    Summary
    References

    Dental Fluorosis

    Introduction
    Dental Effects of Fluoride
    Dental Fluorosis: History and Occurrence
    Development of Dental Fluorosis
    Summary
    References

    Skeletal Fluorosis

    Introduction
    Action of Fluoride on Bone
    Fluoride Exposure Level and Skeletal Fracture
    Skeletal Fluorosis
    Fluoride Level and Effects Related to Skeletal Fluorosis
    Significance of Other Factors
    Recent Developments
    Summary
    References

    Stress Effects of Fluoride on Humans

    Introduction
    Nonskeletal Fluorosis
    Fluoride and Cancer
    Fluoride and Gastrointestinal System
    Other Health Effects
    Summary
    References

    Fluoride in the Environment and Its Toxicological Effects

    Introduction
    Sources of Environmental Exposure
    Environmental Transport, Distribution, and Transformation
    Environmental Levels and Human Exposure
    Effects of Fluoride on Laboratory Animals and in vitro Systems
    Effect of Fluoride on Aquatic Organisms
    Effect of Fluoride on Plants
    Effect of Fluoride on Animals
    Guidelines Values and Standards
    Summary
    References

    Defluoridation Techniques: An Overview

    Introduction
    Coagulation
    Co-precipitation of Fluoride
    Adsorption
    Electrochemical Methods
    Membrane Processes
    Defluoridation Techniques: A Summary
    Summary
    References

    Adsorptive Removal of Fluoride: A Case Study

    Introduction
    Materials and Methods
    Batch Studies
    Theoretical and Mathematical Formulations
    Results and Discussions
    Summary of the Case Study
    Conclusions of the Case Study
    References

    Biography

    A. K. Gupta earned a PhD in environmental science and engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India. Currently, he is a professor in the environmental engineering division of the civil engineering department at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India, and he is actively involved in teaching, research, and consultancy. His research interests include water treatment, environmental impact assessment, monitoring, and modeling of air and water pollution, and geogenic pollutant scavenging. He has more than 60 publications in top-ranking international journals and is a renowned technical consultant in the arena of environmental engineering.

    S. Ayoob is a professor in the department of civil engineering and the principal of the TKM College of Engineering, Kerala, India. He graduated in civil engineering from the TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, India, and earned his master’s and doctoral degrees at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. He also served as course leader and headed the department of health, safety, and environmental management at the International College of Engineering and Management, the Sultanate of Oman (affiliated with the University of Central Lancashire, UK) for a short period of time.

    "This book recorded the outstanding feat of a chemist who in the 1930s managed to measure a few ppm of fluoride in water; in the days before ion selective electrodes and other modern means, this was a magnificent achievement.
    Each chapter concludes with a comprehensive list of up-to-date references and a summary of the main points and conclusions; a useful practice which might well be followed by other authors."
    Chromatographia 2016