1st Edition
Environmental and Safety Auditing Program Strategies for Legal, International, and Financial Issues
By Unhee Kim
Copyright 1996
240 Pages
by
CRC Press
This is a complete and concise guide to creating and managing a successful environmental audit program. It provides step-by-step guidance on setting up an audit program for nearly every major component of environmental concern, from air standards to workplace safety, and from effluent discharge to waste handling and disposal.
Auditing
Controversies of Auditing
Risk and Benefit
Voluntary versus Mandatory Program
Self-Evaluation Privilege
The Auditing Climate
The Benefits and Risks of Auditing
Benefits of Auditing
Risks of Auditing
Federal Agency Positions and Perspectives
Department of Justice
Environmental Protection Agency
Auditing and Enforcement at Federal Facilities
Private Sector Initiatives and Position
Industry Survey
International Standards Organization
British Standards Institute and the Environmental Auditors Registration Association
Chemical Manufacturers Association
International Chamber of Commerce and Global Environmental Management Initiative
Environmental Auditing Roundtable
Coalition of Environmentally Responsible Economies
Corporate Environmental Enforcement Council
American Petroleum Institute
Other Organizations
Conclusion
Legal Perspectives on Environmental, Health, and Safety Auditing
Concerns About Disclosure and Privilege
Traditional Common-Law Privileges
Federal Government Response
The State Legislators Respond
Major Case Histories
Enforcement Statistics
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Audit Program Issues
Commentary on Getting a Program Started
Audit Program Issues
Audit Relevant Regulations
Occupational Safety and Health Act
Clean Air Act
Clean Water Act
Oil Pollution Control Act
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
Pollution Prevention Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Toxic Substances Control Act
Endangered Species Act
Other Acts
National Environmental Policy Act and Environmental Quality Improvement Act
Executive Orders
International Standards Organization 14000 Requirements for Auditing
Requirements of an Audit Program
Auditor Qualification
Training
Security Exchange Commission
Environmental Advantages
Industry Practice and Required Disclosures
Security Exchange Commission Guidance
Conclusion
International Audits
International Regulations and Resources
Comments on International Auditing
Appendices
Appendix A: Environmental Protection Agency Policy
Environmental Auditing Policy Statement
Clarification on Policies Related to Environmental Auditing
Incentives for Self-Policing: Discovery, Disclosure, Correction, and Prevention of Violations
Appendix B: International Standards Organization Draft Standards
ISO/CD 14010.2 "Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - General Principles of Environmental Auditing"
ISO/CD 14011/1.2 "Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Audit Procedures - Part 1: Auditing of Environmental Management Systems"
ISO/CD 14012.2 "Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Qualification Criteria for Environmental Auditors"
Appendix C: Organizational Structure of ISO 14000/TC 207: Environmental Management and United States Participation Chart
Appendix D: Glossary
Definitions
Acronyms
Index
Controversies of Auditing
Risk and Benefit
Voluntary versus Mandatory Program
Self-Evaluation Privilege
The Auditing Climate
The Benefits and Risks of Auditing
Benefits of Auditing
Risks of Auditing
Federal Agency Positions and Perspectives
Department of Justice
Environmental Protection Agency
Auditing and Enforcement at Federal Facilities
Private Sector Initiatives and Position
Industry Survey
International Standards Organization
British Standards Institute and the Environmental Auditors Registration Association
Chemical Manufacturers Association
International Chamber of Commerce and Global Environmental Management Initiative
Environmental Auditing Roundtable
Coalition of Environmentally Responsible Economies
Corporate Environmental Enforcement Council
American Petroleum Institute
Other Organizations
Conclusion
Legal Perspectives on Environmental, Health, and Safety Auditing
Concerns About Disclosure and Privilege
Traditional Common-Law Privileges
Federal Government Response
The State Legislators Respond
Major Case Histories
Enforcement Statistics
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Audit Program Issues
Commentary on Getting a Program Started
Audit Program Issues
Audit Relevant Regulations
Occupational Safety and Health Act
Clean Air Act
Clean Water Act
Oil Pollution Control Act
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act
Pollution Prevention Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Toxic Substances Control Act
Endangered Species Act
Other Acts
National Environmental Policy Act and Environmental Quality Improvement Act
Executive Orders
International Standards Organization 14000 Requirements for Auditing
Requirements of an Audit Program
Auditor Qualification
Training
Security Exchange Commission
Environmental Advantages
Industry Practice and Required Disclosures
Security Exchange Commission Guidance
Conclusion
International Audits
International Regulations and Resources
Comments on International Auditing
Appendices
Appendix A: Environmental Protection Agency Policy
Environmental Auditing Policy Statement
Clarification on Policies Related to Environmental Auditing
Incentives for Self-Policing: Discovery, Disclosure, Correction, and Prevention of Violations
Appendix B: International Standards Organization Draft Standards
ISO/CD 14010.2 "Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - General Principles of Environmental Auditing"
ISO/CD 14011/1.2 "Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Audit Procedures - Part 1: Auditing of Environmental Management Systems"
ISO/CD 14012.2 "Guidelines for Environmental Auditing - Qualification Criteria for Environmental Auditors"
Appendix C: Organizational Structure of ISO 14000/TC 207: Environmental Management and United States Participation Chart
Appendix D: Glossary
Definitions
Acronyms
Index
Biography
Unhee Kim