1st Edition
Corpus Annotation Linguistic Information from Computer Text Corpora
Corpus Annotation gives an up-to-date picture of this fascinating new area of research, and will provide essential reading for newcomers to the field as well as those already involved in corpus annotation. Early chapters introduce the different levels and techniques of corpus annotation. Later chapters deal with software developments, applications, and the development of standards for the evaluation of corpus annotation. While the book takes detailed account of research world-wide, its focus is particularly on the work of the UCREL (University Centre for Computer Corpus Research on Language) team at Lancaster University, which has been at the forefront of developments in the field of corpus annotation since its beginnings in the 1970s.
Preface
1. Introducing corpus annotation
Geoffrey Leech
2. Grammatical tagging
Geoffrey Leech
3. Syntactic annotation: treebanks
Geoffrey Leech and Elizabeth Eyes
4. Semantic annotation
Andrew Wilson and Jenny Thomas
5. Discourse annotation: anaphoric relations in corpora
Roger Garside, Steve Fligelstone and Simon Botley
6. Further levels of annotation
Geoffrey Leech, Anthony McEnery and Martin Wynne
7. A hybrid grammatical tagger: CLAWS4
Roger Garside and Nicholas Smith
8. How to generalise the task of annotation
Steve Fligelstone, Mike Pacey and Paul Rayson
9. Improving a tagger
Nicholas Smith
10. Retageting a tagger
Fernando Sánchez León and Amalio F.Nieto-Serrano
11. The use of syntactic annotation tools: partial and full parsing
Jeremy Bateman, Jean Forrest, and Tim Willis
12. Higher-level annotation tools
Roger Garside and Paul Rayson
13. A corpus/annotation toolbox
Anthony McEnery and Paul Rayson
14. A corpus-based grammar tool
Anthony McEnery, John Paul Baker and John Hutchinson
15. The exploitation of multilingual annotated corpora for term extraction
Anthony McEnery, Jean-Marc Langé, Michael Oakes and Jean Véronis
16. Cross-linguistic guidelines for the annotation of corpora
Peter Kahrel, Ruthanna Barnett and Geoffrey Leech
17. Consistency and accuracy in correcting automatically-tagged corpora
John Paul Baker
Appendix I: Sources for further information (WWW and e-mail addresses)
Appendix II: Abbreviations and acronyms
Appendix III: Specimen annotation practices: the C7 and C5 tagsets
Bibliography
Index
Biography
R.G. Garside, Geoffrey Leech, Anthony Mark Mcenery
