For two decades, Ben Gerwick's ability to capture the current state of practice and present it in a straightforward, easily digestible manner has made Construction of Marine and Offshore Structures the reference of choice for modern civil and maritime construction engineers. The third edition of this perennial bestseller continues to be the most modern and authoritative guide in the field. Based on the author's lifetime of experience, the book also incorporates relevant published information from many sources.
Updated and expanded to reflect new technologies, methods, and materials, the book includes new information on topics such as liquefaction of loose sediments, scour and erosion, archaeological concerns, high-performance steel, ultra-high-performance concrete, steel H piles, and damage from sabotage and terrorism. It features coverage of LNG terminals and offshore wind and wave energy structures. Clearly, concisely, and accessibly, this book steers you away from the pitfalls and toward the successful implementation of principles that can bring your marine and offshore projects to life.
General
Geography
Ecological Environment
Legal Jurisdiction
Offshore Construction Relationships and Sequences
Typical Marine Structures and Contracts
Interaction of Design and Construction
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF MARINE AND OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTION
General
Distances and Depths
Hydrostatic Pressure and Buoyancy
Temperature
Seawater and Sea-Air Interface Chemistry
Currents
Waves and Swells
Winds and Storms
Tides and Storm Surges
Rain, Snow, Fog, Spray, Atmospheric Icing, and Lightning
Sea Ice and Icebergs
Seismicity, Seaquakes, and Tsunamis
Floods
Scour
Siltation and Bed Loads
Sabotage and Terrorism
Ship Traffic
Fire and Smoke
Accidental Events
Global Warming
GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS: SEAFLOOR AND MARINE SOILS
General
Dense Sands
Liquefaction of Soils
Calcareous Sands
Glacial Till and Boulders on Seafloor
Overconsolidated Silts
Subsea Permafrost and Clathrates
Weak Arctic Silts and Clays
Ice Scour and Pingos
Methane Gas
Muds and Clays
Coral and Similar Biogenic Soils; Cemented Soils, Cap Rock
Unconsolidated Sands
Underwater Sand Dunes ("Megadunes")
Bedrock Outcrops
Cobbles
Deep Gravel Deposits
Seafloor Oozes
Seafloor Instability and Slumping; Turbidity Currents
Scour and Erosion
Concluding Remarks
ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIETAL IMPACTS OF MARINE CONSTRUCTION
General
Oil and Petroleum Products
Toxic Chemicals
Contaminated Soils
Construction Wastes
Turbidity
Sediment Transport, Scour, and Erosion
Air Pollution
Marine Life: Mammals and Birds, Fish, and Other Biota
Aquifers
Noise
Highway, Rail, Barge, and Air Traffic
Protection of Existing Structures
Liquefaction
Safety of the Public and Third-Party Vessels
Archaeological Concerns
MATERIALS AND FABRICATION FOR MARINE STRUCTURES
General
Steel Structures for the Marine Environment
Structural Concrete
Hybrid Steel-Concrete Structures
Plastics and Synthetic Materials, Composites
Titanium
Rock, Sand, and Asphaltic-Bituminous Materials
MARINE AND OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
General
Basic Motions in a Seaway
Buoyancy, Draft, and Freeboard
Stability
Damage Control
Barges
Crane Barges
Offshore Derrick Barges (Fully Revolving)
Semisubmersible Barges
Jack-Up Construction Barges
Launch Barges
Catamaran Barges
Dredges
Pipe-Laying Barges
Supply Boats
Anchor-Handling Boats
Towboats
Drilling Vessels
Crew Boats
Floating Concrete Plant
Tower Cranes
Specialized Equipment
MARINE OPERATIONS
Towing
Moorings and Anchors
Handling Heavy Loads at Sea
Personnel Transfer at Sea
Underwater Intervention, Diving, Underwater Work Systems, Remote-Operated Vehicles (ROVs), and Manipulators
Underwater Concreting and Grouting
Offshore Surveying, Navigation, and Seafloor Surveys
Temporary Buoyancy Augmentation
SEAFLOOR MODIFICATIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS
General
Controls for Grade and Position
Seafloor Dredging, Obstruction Removal, and Leveling
Dredging and Removal of Hard Material and Rock
Placement of Underwater Fills
Consolidation and Strengthening of Weak Soils
Prevention of Liquefaction
Scour Protection
Concluding Remarks
INSTALLATION OF PILES IN MARINE AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURE
General
Fabrication of Tubular Steel Piles
Transportation of Piling
Installing Piles
Methods of Increasing Penetration
Insert Piles
Anchoring into Rock or Hardpan
Testing High Capacity Piles
Steel H Piles
Enhancing Stiffness and Capacity of Piles
Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Piles
Handling and Positioning of Piles for Offshore Terminals
Drilled and Grouted Piles
Cast-in-Drilled-Hole Piles, Drilled Shafts
Other Installation Experience
Installation in Difficult Soils
Other Methods of Improving the Capacity of Driven Piles
Slurry Walls, Secant Walls, and Tangent Walls
Steel Sheet Piles
Vibratory Pile Hammers
Micropiles
HARBOR, RIVER, AND ESTUARY STRUCTURES
General
Harbor Structures
River Structures
Foundations for Overwater Bridge Piers
Submerged Prefabricated Tunnels (Tubes)
Storm Surge Barriers
Flow-Control Structures
COASTAL STRUCTURES
General
Ocean Outfalls and Intakes
Breakwaters
Offshore Terminals
OFFSHORE PLATFORMS: STEEL JACKETS AND PIN PILES
General
Fabrication of Steel Jackets
Load-Out, Tie-Down, and Transport
Removal of Jacket from Transport Barge; Lifting; Launching
Upending of Jacket
Installation on the Seafloor
Pile and Conductor Installation
Deck Installation
Examples
CONCRETE OFFSHORE PLATFORMS: GRAVITY-BASE STRUCTURES
General
Stages of Construction
Alternative Concepts for Construction
Sub-Base Construction
Platform Relocation
Hybrid Concrete-Steel Platforms
PERMANENTLY FLOATING STRUCTURES
General
Fabrication of Concrete Floating Structures
Concrete Properties of Special Importance to Floating Structures
Construction and Launching
Floating Concrete Bridges
Floating Tunnels
Semi-Submersibles
Barges
Floating Airfields
Structures for Permanently Floating Service
Marinas
Piers for Berthing Large Ships
Floating Breakwaters
Mating Afloat
OTHER APPLICATIONS OF MARINE AND OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
General
Single-Point Moorings
Articulated Columns
Seafloor Templates
Underwater Oil Storage Vessels
Cable Arrays, Moored Buoys, and Seafloor Deployment
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Offshore Export and Import Terminals for Cryogenic Gas-LNG and LPG
Offshore Wind-Power Foundations
Wave-Power Structures
Tidal Power Stations
Barrier Walls
Breakwaters
INSTALLATION OF SUBMARINE PIPELINES
General
Conventional S-Lay Barge
Bottom-Pull Method
Reel Barge
Surface Float
Controlled Underwater Flotation (Controlled Subsurface Float)
Controlled Above-Bottom Pull
J-Tube Method from Platform
J-Lay from Barge
S-Curve with Collapsible Floats
Bundled Pipes
Directional Drilling (Horizontal Drilling)
Laying Under Ice
Protection of Pipelines: Burial and Covering with Rock
Support of Pipelines
Cryogenic Pipelines for LNG and LPG
PLASTIC AND COMPOSITE PIPELINES AND CABLES
Submarine Pipelines of Composite Materials and Plastics
Cable Laying
TOPSIDE INSTALLATION
General
Module Erection
Hookup
Giant Modules and Transfer of Complete Deck
Float-Over Deck Structures
REPAIRS TO MARINE STRUCTURES
General
Principles Governing Repairs
Repairs to Steel Structures
Repairs to Corroded Steel Members
Repairs to Concrete Structures
Repairs to Foundations
Fire Damage
Pipeline Repairs
STRENGTHENING EXISTING STRUCTURES
General
Strengthening of Offshore Platforms, Terminals, Members and Assemblies
Increasing Capacity of Existing Piles for Axial Loads
Increasing Lateral Capacity of Piles and Structures in Soil-Structure Interaction
Penetrations Through Concrete Walls
Seismic Retrofit
REMOVAL AND SALVAGE
Removal of Offshore Platforms
Removal of Piled Structures (Terminals, Trestles, Shallow-Water Platforms)
Removal of Pile-Supported Steel Platforms
Removal of Concrete Gravity: Base Offshore Platforms
New Developments in Salvage Techniques
Removal of Harbor Structures
Removal of Coastal Structures
CONSTRUCTIBILITY
General
Construction Stages for Offshore Structures
Principles of Constructibility
Facilities and Methods for Fabrication
Launching
Assembly and Jointing Afloat
Material Selection and Procedures
Construction Procedures
Access
Tolerances
Survey Control
Quality Control and Assurance
Safety
Control of Construction: Feedback and Modification
Contingency Planning
Manuals
On-Site Instruction Sheets
Risk and Reliability Evaluation
CONSTRUCTION IN THE DEEP SEA
General
Considerations and Phenomena for Deep-Sea Operations
Techniques for Deep-Sea Construction
Properties of Materials for the Deep Sea
Platforms in the Deep Sea: Compliant Structures
Tension-Leg Platforms (TLP's)
SPARS
Ship-Shaped FPSOs
Deep-Water Moorings
Construction Operations on the Deep Seafloor
Deep-Water Pipe Laying
Seafloor Well Completions
Deep-Water Bridge Piers
ARCTIC MARINE STRUCTURES
General
Sea Ice and Icebergs
Atmospheric Conditions
Arctic Seafloor and Geotechnics
Oceanographic
Ecological Considerations
Logistics and Operations
Earthwork in the Arctic Offshore
Ice Structures
Steel and Concrete Structures for the Arctic
Deployment of Structures in the Arctic
Installation at Site
Ice Condition Surveys and Ice Management
Durability
Constructibility
Pipeline Installation
Current Arctic Developments
REFERENCES
INDEX
Biography
Ben C. Gerwick Jr.
"It is well written in a way that clearly explains the techniques and projects being described in a manner that makes for an interesting as well as educational reading."
– Books-On-Line, June 2007