1st Edition
Chromic Materials Fundamentals, Measurements, and Applications
This informative volume reflects the state of art in the science of color-changeable materials and provides an abundance of in-depth knowledge about the field of colorimetry. The book describes the facts behind the chromic phenomena from the point of application, spectrophotometry of chromic materials, and instrumentation and testing.
The authors begin with a short historical overview of the chromic phenomena, chromic materials, and classification of chromic materials and then go on to provide comprehensive treatises on chromic (or color-changeable) textiles and production techniques. Detailed descriptions of measurement methods that are usable in cases of translucent or opaque materials are provided as well.
A number of new concepts are discussed along with standardized CIE (International Commission on Illumination) colorimetry with various CIE color space systems. Chromic materials appear as a dynamic system, which allows for a wide range of potential applications and related research. The authors share their own experiences with measurement of color chromic materials with the view to help fill the huge gap in field of measurement from the point of view in standardization. The authors conclude with an in-depth study of the testing of chromic testing, including testing for color fastness, fatigue resistance, light fastness, wash fastness, and rubbing fastness.
Preface
- Basic Terms
- Type of Chromic Materials
- Application of Chromic Materials
- CIE Colorimetry
- Instrumentation
- Spectrophotometry of Color Change
- Testing Of Chromic Materials
Light
Blackbody radiation
Interaction of Light with Matter
Lambert-Beer law
Photometry
Color
Human Color Vision
Definition of Chromic Phenomena
Materials with Photochromic Colorants
Materials with Thermochromic Colorants
Materials with Chemochromic Colorants
Materials with Electrochromiccolorants
Materials with Luminescent Colorants
Introduction
Production of Chromic Materials
Light Sources
CIE Standard Observer
CIE XYZ
Approximately Uniform Color Spaces
CIE CAM
Color Difference Formulas
CIE 2015 Cone-Fundamental-Based CIE Colorimetry
Specular and Diffuse Reflection
Geometric Conditions for Colorimetry
Measuring Devices in Colorimetry
Measurement
Specification of Device for Color Change Measurement
Interactions Between Light and Media
Spectral Data of Chromic Materials
Determination of Absorption and Scattering Coefficients
Measurement of Thermal Sensitivity of Photo Chromic Materials
Impact of Drawing Ratio on Difference in Optical Density
Definition of Color Fastness
Definition of Fatigue Resistance
Light Fastness
Wash Fastness
Rubbing Fastness
Sources of Further Information
Index
Biography
Michal Vik, PhD, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Material Science at the Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic, and research consultant for the Centre for the Development of Engineering Research VÚTS, a.s., Czech Republic. Currently, he is also head of the Colorimetry Group of the Czech Republic and Laboratory Color and Appearance Measurement of the Department of Material Engineering Technical University of Liberec. He is the author or co-author of six books, about 20 scientific papers published in journals, more than 150 scientific contributions on the international conferences, and five patents.
Aravin Prince Periyasamy is in the PhD degree program at the Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic, under the supervision of Dr. Martina Viková and Dr. Michal Vik, on investigating the issues of kinetic measurement of photochromic textiles. He is the author of three books and many articles, some of which were published in peer-reviewed journals. He has also presented several papers at professional conferences.
Martina Viková, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Material Science, Department of Material Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic. She is currently vice-head of the Colorimetry Group of the Czech Republic and Laboratory Color and Appearance Measurement of the Department of Material Engineering, Technical University of Liberec. She is the author or co-author of three books, about 15 scientific papers published in journals, more than 80 scientific contributions at the international conferences, and five patents.
"A welcome addition to the literature. It presents a holistic interdisciplinary approach to resolve these global problems of irrigated and dry land regions."
—Dr. Ashwani Kumar, Former Director, Directorate of Water Management, (Now ICAR- Indian Institute of Water Management), India
"In the context of 800 million people remaining hungry currently, to feed 9.7 billion people in 2050 will be a real challenge. While some respite is foreseen through management of land and water resources, reclamation of degraded land and water resources provides an opportunity that needs to be unlocked. This volume presents some interdisciplinary keys to unlock the potential of salt affected saline/sodic soils for higher productivity."
—Dr. C. L. Acharya, Former Director, ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, India
