This introductory text covers in detail the technology and applications of biosensors in their many forms. It provides an extensive survey of the basic principles, functions and applications of different categories of biosensors. The presentation is concise, systematic and well illustrated. Numerous schematics illustrate design and function.This book is an overview of the basic theories of operation for a number of specific types of biosensor transducers that have been investigated, with a general survey of some of the many applications using various biological elements that have been tested to date. A major portion of this book has been devoted to electrochemical transducers, since they have been most widely used.This bestselling text provides basic information for all those involved in the research, development, and applications of biosensors.
Introduction
o Brief Historical Background
o Early Applications of Noble Metal Electrodes
o Early Optical Methods
o Ideal Biosensor Characteris-tics
Basic Electrochemical Principles
o Electrochemical Cells
o Oxide-Reduction Reactions
o Voltage and Current Standard Conditions
o Steady State Voltammogram
o Transient Responses
o Asymptotic Solutions and Data Transformations
o Galvanostatic Response
o Coulostatic Response
Electrochemical Transducers in Biology and Medicine
o Glass pH Electrodes
o Metal Oxide pH Electrodes
o pH-Sensitive Mem-branes
o Oxygen Electrodes
o Carbon Dioxide Electrodes
o Hydrogen Gas Electrodes
o Hydrogen Peroxide Electrodes
o Carbon Surface Electrodes
o Ion-Sensitive Electrodes
o Other Electrochemical Detection Methods
o Clinical Applications of Electrochemical Transducers
Enzyme-Based Electrochemical Biosensors
o Enzyme Biocatalysis Theory
o Immobilization Techniques
o Glucose Biosensor
o Blood Glucose Monitoring
o Industrial Glucose Monitoring
o Urea Biosensor
o Alcohol Biosensors
o More Single Enzyme Biosensors
o Multiple Enzyme Biosensors
o Carbon Electrode Enzyme-Based Biosen-sors
o Organic Phase Enzyme Biosensors
o Alternate Electron Donors
Fabrication and Miniaturization Techniques
o Microelectrodes
o Enzyme Modifi ed Microelectrodes
o Miniaturized Arrays
o Semiconductor Needle
o ENFET Biosensors
Optical Technology
o Principles of Optical Measurements
o Absorption Spectroscopy
o Refl ec-tance Spectroscopy
o Fluorescence
o Phosphorescence
o Oxyhemoglobin and Oximetry
o Digital Image Processing
o Optodes
o Optical Waveguides
o Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensor
Miscellaneous Transducer Technologies
o Enzyme-Based Calorimetry
o Piezoelectric Microbalances
o Surface Acoustic Wave Transducers
o Chemomechanical Hydrogels
o Liquid Crys-tal Sensors
Immunosensors
o Potentiometric Immunosensors
o Amperometric Immunosensors
o Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
o Piezoelectric Microbalance Immunosen-sors
o Bioluminescent Immunoassay
o Fluorescence Immunoassay
o Sur-face Resonance
o Laser Magnet Immunoassay
"Living" Biosensors
o Microbial Biosensors
o Bioluminescent Bacteria
o Yeast-Based Biosen-sors
o Botanical Biosensors
o Biosensors Using Cultured Cells
o Biosen-sors Using Intact Tissues
o Biosensors Using Receptor Elements
Scanning Electromechanical Microscopy
o Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
o Nanofabrication
o Microdialysis with Electrochemical Detection
o Advances in Semiconductor Fabrication Technology
o Advances in Optical and Imaging Technology
o Advances in Enzyme and Protein Engineering
o Projections for Food and Beverage Industries
o Projections for Defense Sector
o Projections for Environmental Applications
o Projections for Medical Instruments Industry
o Projections for Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industries
The Author
Dr. Buerk brings to this volume his extensive experience in research and teaching. He received his M.S. in biomedical engineering from Case West-ern Reserve University and his Ph.D. in chemical engineering from North-western University. His teaching experience includes faculty positions with The John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Drexel Universi-ty's Biomedical Science and Engineering Institute, and Catholic Univer-sity in Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Biography
Buerk, Donald G.
"This book is a valuable reference for everybody involved in the development of new analytical detection methods. Biosensors will certainly be, in the future, one of the most important research areas in analytical laboratories and this book, written in a very pleasant style, is a major contribution. . . ."
—Prof. Jean-Luc Veuthey, University of Geneva"This book is recommended to those with an interest in chemical sensors generally and will serve well anyone with applications of molecular sensors in food and drug biotechnology and biomedical monitoring."
—C. P. Tavares, Ph.D., in Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry
