430 Pages
    by CRC Press

    455 Pages 177 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    A detailed reference for the practicing engineer, Air Pollution Control Technology Handbook, Second Edition focuses on air pollution control systems and outlines the basic process engineering and cost estimation required for its design. Written by seasoned experts in the field, this book offers a fundamental understanding of the factors resulting in air pollution and covers the techniques and equations used for air pollution control.

    Anyone with an engineering or science background can effectively select techniques for control, review alternative design methods and equipment proposals from vendors, and initiate cost studies of control equipment using this book. This second edition of a bestseller includes new methods for designing control equipment, enhanced material on air pollution science, updates on major advances in the field, and explains the importance of a strategy for identifying the most cost-effective design.

    The book also covers:

    • New legislation and updates on air regulation
    • New advances in process integration design techniques
    • The atmospheric and health effects of air pollution

    Air Pollution Control Technology Handbook, Second Edition helps combat the solution problem with extensive coverage of air pollution control processes. Fully updated with new legislation, air regulations, and extensive reviews of the design of control equipment, this book serves as an ideal reference for industry professionals or anyone with an engineering or science background needing a basic introduction to air pollution control equipment design.

    Historical Overview of the Development of Clean Air Regulations
    A Brief History of the Air Pollution Problem
    Federal Involvement in Air Pollution Control
    Characterizing the Atmosphere
    Recipe for an Air Pollution Problem

    Clean Air Act
    History of the Clean Air Act
    1990 Clean Air Act Amendments
    Air Permits for New Source
    Elements of a Permit Application
    Best Available Control Technology
    Air Quality Analysis
    NSR Reform

    Atmospheric Diffusion Modeling for Prevention of Significant Deterioration Permit Regulations and Regional Haze
    Introduction—Meteorological Background
    Tall Stack
    Classifying Sources by Method of Emission
    Atmospheric-Diffusion Models
    Environmental Protection Agency’s Computer Programs for Regulation of Industry
    Source-Transport-Receptor Problem

    Source Testing
    Introduction
    Code of Federal Regulations
    Representative Sampling Techniques

    Ambient Air Quality and Continuous Emissions Monitoring
    Ambient Air-Quality Sampling Program
    Objectives of a Sampling Program
    Federal Reference Methods and Continuous Monitoring
    Complete Environmental Surveillance and Control System
    Typical Air Sampling Train
    Integrated Sampling Devices for Suspended Particulate Matter
    Continuous Air-Quality Monitors

    Cost Estimating
    Time Value of Money
    Types of Cost Estimates
    Air Pollution Control Equipment Cost

    Process Design and the Strategy of Process Design
    Introduction to Process Design
    Strategy of Process Design
    Mass and Energy Balances
    Systems-Based Approaches to Design

    Profitability and Engineering Economics
    Introduction—Profit Goal
    Profitability Analysis
    Effect of Depreciation
    Capital Investment and Total Product Cost

    Introduction to Control of Gaseous Pollutants
    Absorption and Adsorption
    Process Synthesis Technology for the Design of Volatile Organic Compounds Recovery Systems

    Absorption for Hazardous Air Pollutants and Volatile Organic Compounds Control
    Introduction
    Aqueous Systems
    Nonaqueous Systems
    Types and Arrangements of Absorption Equipment
    Design Techniques for Countercurrent Absorption Columns
    Countercurrent Flow Packed Absorption Tower Design
    Sample Design Calculation

    Adsorption for Hazardous Air Pollutants and Volatile Organic Compounds Control
    Introduction to Adsorption Operations
    Adsorption Phenomenon
    Adsorption Processes
    Nature of Adsorbents
    Theories of Adsorption
    Data of Adsorption
    Adsorption Isotherms
    Polanyi Potential Theory
    Unsteady-State, Fixed-Bed Adsorbers
    Fixed-Bed Adsorber Design Considerations
    Pressure Drop through Adsorbers
    Adsorber Effectiveness, Regeneration, and Reactivation
    Breakthrough Model
    Regeneration Modeling
    Using Mass Exchange Network Concepts to Simultaneously Evaluate Multiple Mass-Separating Agent (Absorbent and Adsorbent) Options

    Thermal Oxidation for Volatile Organic Compounds Control
    Combustion Basics
    Flares
    Incineration

    Control of Volatile Organic Compounds and Hazardous Air Pollutants by Condensation
    Introduction
    Volatile Organic Compounds Condensers
    Coolant and Heat Exchanger Type
    Mixtures of Organic Vapors
    Air as a Noncondensable
    Systems-Based Approach for Designing Condensation Systems for Volatile Organic Compounds Recovery from Gaseous Emission Streams

    Control of Volatile Organic Compounds and Hazardous Air Pollutants by Biofiltration
    Introduction
    Theory of Biofilter Operation
    Design Parameters and Conditions
    Biofilter Compared to Other Available Control Technology
    Successful Case Studies
    Further Considerations

    Membrane Separation
    Overview
    Polymeric Membranes
    Performance
    Applications
    Membrane Systems Design

    NOx Control
    NOx from Combustion
    Control Techniques

    Control of SOx
    H2S Control
    SO2 (and HCL) Removal
    SO3 and Sulfuric Acid

    Fundamentals of Particulate Control
    Particle Size Distribution
    Aerodynamic Diameter
    Cunningham Slip Correction
    Collection Mechanisms

    Hood and Ductwork Design
    Introduction
    Hood Design
    Duct Design
    Effect of Entrance into a Hood
    Total Energy Loss
    Fan Power
    Hood–Duct Example

    Cyclone Design
    Collection Efficiency
    Pressure Drop
    Saltation

    Design and Application of Wet Scrubbers
    Introduction
    Collection Mechanisms and Efficiency
    Collection Mechanisms and Particle Size
    Selection and Design of Scrubbers
    Devices for Wet Scrubbing
    Semrau Principle and Collection Efficiency
    Model for Countercurrent Spray Chambers
    A Model for Venturi Scrubbers
    Calvert Cut Diameter Design Technique
    Cut–Power Relationship

    Filtration and Baghouses
    Introduction
    Design Issues
    Cleaning Mechanisms
    Fabric Properties
    Baghouse Size
    Pressure Drop
    Bag Life
    Baghouse Design Theory

    Electrostatic Precipitators
    Early Development
    Basic Theory
    Practical Application of Theory
    Flue Gas Conditioning
    Using V-I Curves for Troubleshooting

    References

    Biography

    Karl B. Schnelle, Jr., Ph.D, PE, is Professor Emeritus of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, and has been a member of the Vanderbilt University faculty for more than 55 years. He has published extensively in the chemical engineering and environmental area, is an emeritus member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the Air and Waste Management Association, and a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. He was a lecturer in the American Institute of Chemical Engineers’ continuing education program for more than 30 years, where he taught air pollution control systems design and atmospheric dispersion modeling courses.

    Russell F. Dunn, Ph.D, PE, is a Professor of the Practice of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Vanderbilt University. He also has prior academic experience teaching chemical engineering courses at Auburn University and the Technical University of Denmark. He has authored numerous publications and presentations on chemical and environmental engineering design, in addition to having more than 30 years of professional experience. Dr. Dunn is the Founder and President of Polymer and Chemical Technologies, LLC, a company that provides chemical process and product failure analysis, in addition to developing environmental and energy-based process designs for large chemical plants.

    Mary Ellen Ternes, BE, Ch.E, JD, is a Director at Crowe & Dunlevy, in the law firm’s Environmental, Energy and Natural Resources Practice Group. Building on her career as a chemical engineer for U.S.EPA and industry, Ternes became a lawyer and for over 20 years, has advised clients regarding Clean Air Act permitting, compliance, enforcement and litigation. Ternes has published and lectured extensively on the Clean Air Act. She is former Chair of the American Bar Association’s Section of Environment, Energy and Resources Air Quality Committee; the Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Ecosystems Committee; and the Annual Conference on Environmental Law.

    "The Air Pollution Control Technology Handbook is ideal for any engineer facing an air pollution challenge. In straightforward language, it presents the information that the design engineer needs. From understanding the regulations and drivers behind them, to permitting, sampling, and modeling, this reference helps the engineer new to air pollution control problems understand what they are dealing with, why it is important, and how to assess the magnitude of the issue they are facing."
    —E. W. Crabtree, Enercon Services, Inc., USA

    "This is an excellent resource that I enthusiastically recommend for environmental and process engineers, consultants, academic researchers, and students. The highly-qualified authors provide an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of air pollution control technologies, regulations, economics, design, and practice. Written in a clear and exciting manner, the book balances the coverage of fundamentals and basic phenomena with practical experience."
    —Mahmoud El-Halwagi, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA