2nd Edition
A First Course in Differential Equations, Modeling, and Simulation
A First Course in Differential Equations, Modeling, and Simulation shows how differential equations arise from applying basic physical principles and experimental observations to engineering systems. Avoiding overly theoretical explanations, the textbook also discusses classical and Laplace transform methods for obtaining the analytical solution of differential equations. In addition, the authors explain how to solve sets of differential equations where analytical solutions cannot easily be obtained.
Incorporating valuable suggestions from mathematicians and mathematics professors, the Second Edition:
- Expands the chapter on classical solutions of ordinary linear differential equations to include additional methods
- Increases coverage of response of first- and second-order systems to a full, stand-alone chapter to emphasize its importance
- Includes new examples of applications related to chemical reactions, environmental engineering, biomedical engineering, and biotechnology
- Contains new exercises that can be used as projects and answers to many of the end-of-chapter problems
- Features new end-of-chapter problems and updates throughout
Thus, A First Course in Differential Equations, Modeling, and Simulation, Second Edition provides students with a practical understanding of how to apply differential equations in modern engineering and science.
Introduction
An Introductory Example
Differential Equations
Modeling
Forcing Functions
Book Objectives
Summary
Objects in a Gravitational Field
An Example
Antidifferentiation: Technique for Solving First-Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Back to Section 2.1
Another Example
Separation of Variables: Technique for Solving First-Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Back to Section 2.4
Equations, Unknowns, and Degrees of Freedom
Partial Fraction Expansion
Summary
Classical Solutions of Ordinary Linear Differential Equations
Examples of Differential Equations
Definition of a Linear Differential Equation
Integrating Factor Method
Solution of Homogeneous Differential Equations
Solution of Nonhomogeneous Differential Equations
Variation of Parameters
Handling Nonlinearities and Variable Coefficients
Transient and Final Responses
Summary
Laplace Transforms
Definition of the Laplace Transform
Properties and Theorems of the Laplace Transform
Solution of Differential Equations Using Laplace Transform
Transfer Functions
Algebraic Manipulations Using Laplace Transforms
Deviation Variables
Summary
Response of First- and Second-Order Systems
First-Order Systems
Second-Order Systems
Examples
Some Concluding Remarks
Summary
Mechanical Systems: Translational
Mechanical Law, System Components, and Forces
Types of Systems
D’Alembert’s Principle and Free Body Diagrams
Examples
Vertical Systems
Summary
Mechanical Systems: Rotational
Mechanical Law, Moment of Inertia, and Torque
Torsion Springs
Rotational Damping
Gears
Systems with Rotational and Translational Elements
Summary
Mass Balances
Conservation of Mass
Flow Rates and Concentrations
Elements and Experimental Facts
Examples
Expressions for Mass Transport and Chemical Reactions
Additional Examples
Application to Bioengineering Processes
Final Comments
Summary
References
Thermal Systems
Conservation of Energy
Modes of Heat Transfer
Conduction
Convection
Conduction and Convection in Series
Accumulated or Stored Energy
Some Examples
Heat Transfer in a Flow System
Thermal Effects in a Reactive System
Boundary Value Problems in Heat Transfer
Summary
Electrical Systems
Some Definitions and Conventions
Electrical Laws, Components, and Initial Conditions
Examples of Electrical Circuits
Additional Examples
Energy and Power
RC Circuits as Filters
Summary
Numerical Simulation
Numerical Solution of Differential Equations
Euler’s Method for First-Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Euler’s Method for Second-Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Step Size
More Sophisticated Methods
Representation of Differential Equations by Block Diagrams
Additional Examples
Summary
Reference
Answers to Selected Problems
Biography
Scott W. Campbell has been on the faculty of the Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at the University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, since 1986. He has authored or coauthored more than 60 technical peer-reviewed articles, mostly in the area of thermodynamics, and has received numerous teaching awards at the department, college, university, and state levels. Recently, Professor Campbell has been collaborating with mathematics faculty on application-based teaching of calculus and with College of Education faculty on the training of middle school science and math teachers.
Carlos A. Smith is a professor emeritus of chemical engineering at the University of South Florida, Tampa, USA (USF). He has been on the faculty at USF for 43 years, serving in different capacities. Professor Smith has lectured in Europe and many countries in Latin America. He is the coauthor of three editions of a textbook on process control and the author of another book on the same subject. The books have been translated into Spanish and Portuguese.
"This book is well suited for those with an introductory ‘survey’ course which looks at typical problems in many different engineering fields at a lower-division level. This book is excellent in showing the commonality of the application of differential equations across many engineering disciplines. The authors have an EXCELLENT sense of the appropriate level of coverage for the lower-division student—i.e., ‘just enough words.’ Short chapters and clear writing make the text very understandable, enabling students to grasp what’s important and to apply the concepts to problem solutions simply through reading! One of the best attributes of the book is its length—which is, SHORT. I don’t feel guilty insisting that the students bring the book to class. The additional systems coverage, examples, and end-of-chapter problems add to an already good (excellent) book. … I love this book for my sophomore-level class in which we focus on the systems. Both the amount of material covered and the level of presentation are perfect for lower-division students who can be easily overwhelmed by excessive detail. Because of this level, I can (and do) use this book as the primary resource for ‘out-of-class’ preparation students have to do in advance for the daily classroom problem solving work in a flipped classroom environment. No video lectures are needed, because the book is great!"
—Susan Schneider, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA"The greatest strength of the book is that it combines mathematical concepts that younger engineers and scientists often find difficult to understand, and wraps the concepts up into practical examples. In fact, it camouflages mathematics into real-world science and engineering problems. Students learn the mathematics without knowing they are learning mathematics at all. Problem solving is at the heart of science and engineering, and knowing how to apply the underlying mathematics is crucial to solving many problems. This book seamlessly integrates the math with the end-point solutions. … Often mathematical concepts are presented to students in an abstract fashion, which hinders the learning process. This text provides a simple, clear, and introductory synthesis of differential equation mathematics with realistic science and engineering problems, and provides a framework for students to learn mathematics’ underlying problem solving with the emphasis being on how math can help solve problems."
—Dr. Edward Waller, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada"The authors appear to have thought carefully about how best to organize the content to make it understandable to students. The incremental development of mathematical methods, well-motivated by their application to physical systems, is both accessible and engaging. The new modeling and simulation degree programs that are emerging at forward-thinking universities around the country often include a required course on physics-based modeling. This volume would make an excellent choice as a textbook for such a course."
—Mikel D. Petty, Ph.D., University of Alabama in Huntsville, USA"This book really highlights the utility of ordinary differential equations in physics and engineering. The approach taken in this book should provide students from those disciplines with an excellent motivation to study differential equations. Furthermore, students will gain a deep understanding of how to turn an engineering diagram or free-body diagram into a differential equation."
—Jason M. Graham, University of Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA"This is a great differential equations book for non-engineering majors. It has many real problems that you cannot find in other books. I think it can be a perfect book for chemistry or biology majors."
—Dr. Linus Yu, University of Arkansas – Fort Smith, USA"The book deals with a variety of differential equations from the point of view of concrete problems arising in basic models of physics, engineering, and other sciences. After a wide range of possible model differential equations from different subject areas is reviewed, elements of the general theory are introduced. This is done by presenting different methods for finding their solutions. The emphasis of the book is on reviewing concrete methods for solving different types of differential equations, rather than on presenting strict mathematical proofs. As such, it appears ideally suited for the demands of concrete applications. The exposition is very well supplemented by numerous examples, testing questions, discussions, and solutions."
—Professor Michael Ruzhansky, Imperial College London, UK
