2nd Edition

Biological Control in Plant Protection A Colour Handbook, Second Edition

    276 Pages 568 Color Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    There has been a large increase in the commercial use of integrated crop/pest management methods for pest and disease control on a wide range of crops throughout the world since the first edition of this book. The completely revised second edition of the bestselling Biological Control in Plant Protection: A Color Handbook continues the objective of providing a handbook with profiles and full-color photographs of as many examples of biological control organisms from as wide a global area as possible. It is designed to help readers anticipate and recognize specific problems of pest management and then resolve them using the natural enemies of pests—parasites, predators, and pathogens.

    The authors first describe the impact of predator-prey relationships on host plant species in arable, orchard, and protected environments. The main sections of the book include profiles of pests, beneficial arthropods (insects and mites), and beneficial pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes), featuring a tabular pest identification guide. Descriptions of biocontrol organisms are divided into four sections: species characteristics, lifecycle, crop/pest associations, and influences of growing practices. The text is illustrated throughout with color photographs of the highest quality.

    This revised edition helps readers more fully understand the concepts and practice of biological control and integrated pest management. All chapters have been updated and expanded, and more than 300 new photographs have been added. The second edition covers new beneficial organisms and pest profiles, and it includes a new chapter on the practical aspects and application of biological control. It also contains a new final chapter that puts biological control in perspective, discussing interactions that occur when using biocontrol for population management as well as some of the possible mechanisms of biocontrol.

    The practice and application of biological control
    Introduction
    Parasites and Parasitoids
    Predators
    Pathogens
    Strategies for Biological Control
    Conservation or Preservation Biological Control
    Importation/Classical Biological Control
    Inoculative Control
    Inundative Control
    Integrated Crop/Pest Management
    Practical Aspects of Biological Control
    Pest Monitoring

    Biological control in various cropping systems
    Introduction
    Arable
    Introduction
    Arable Production and Biologicals
    The Challenge of Biocontrol
    The Use of Pesticides and Beneficial Insects
    Monitoring Levels of Beneficial Insects
    Carabid Beetles
    Staphylinid Beetles
    Linyphiid Spiders
    Integrated Crop Management (ICM)
    Conservation Strategies Using Headlands and Beetle Banks
    Fruit
    Introduction
    Fruit Production and Biologicals
    The Challenge of Biocontrol
    Major Pests
    Integrated Crop Management
    Protected Crops
    Introduction
    Crop Production and Biologicals
    Pest Monitoring
    The Challenges of Biological Control
    Integrated Crop Management

    Biology of some common target pests with their damage symptoms
    Introduction
    Common pest species

    Slugs and snails
    Spider Mites
    Woodlice
    Millipedes
    Leaf Hoppers, Psyllids, Whitefly, Aphids, Scale Insects, and Mealybugs
    Leafhoppers
    Psyllids
    Whiteflies
    Aphids
    Scale Insects
    Mealybugs
    Thrips
    Lepidoptera
    Caterpillars (of Moths and Butterflies)
    Flies
    Leaf Miners
    Sciarids
    Shore Flies
    Beetles
    Weevils

    Arthropod biological control agents
    Introduction
    Spiders
    Predatory Mites
    Centipedes
    Insects including dragonflies, earwigs, pond skaters, predatory bugs, predatory thrips, lacewings, ladybird beetles, ground beetles, parasitoid and predatory flies, and wasps,

    Beneficial pathogens
    Introduction
    Viruses
    Bacteria
    Fungi
    Nematodes

    Biological control in perspective, Dr. Mike Copland
    Classical Biological Control—Foreign Plants
    Classical Biological Control—Foreign Pests
    Foreign Predators That Might Do Harm
    Animal Groups
    Nematodes
    Mites
    Mechanisms Involved
    Pollination and Seed Dispersal
    Sugars That Fuel Animal Activity
    The Combination of Sucking Insects and Ants
    Development of Resistance to Pesticides and Pollination Drives the Need for Biological Control
    Regulation of Biological Control
    Microorganisms
    Bacteria
    Bacterial Diseases of Plants
    Bacterial Diseases of Insects
    Fungi
    Viruses
    Natural Plant Resistance Mechanisms
    Resistance Mechanisms
    The Future of Biological Control

    Glossary

    References

    Further reading

    Useful websites

    Biography

    Neil Helyer joined the Glasshouse Crops Research Institute as an entomologist in 1976. He joined Fargro Ltd. as their Integrated Pest Management Specialist in 1995. Currently, Neil visits horticulturalists to develop and monitor IPM programs, the majority of which are specifically designed for each site and crop. These include protected salad crops, soft fruit, ornamentals, and hardy nursery stock, as well as botanic gardens (RBG Kew, RHS Wisley, etc.) and interior plant landscapes. Neil holds a BASIS certificate and ensures that his technical information base is kept up to date by being a member of the BASIS Professional Register.

    Nigel Cattlin joined ICI’s Plant Protection Division at Jealott’s Hill Research Station in 1963. He later formed and led its photographic unit, carrying out research projects with high-speed, time-lapse, and aerial photography. In 1981 Nigel established Holt Studios, an independent company providing a specialist photographic service to the agricultural industry, government organizations, and publishers. This resource is widely used for text and reference books, trade and consumer magazines, and advertising. Holt Studios’ main business was transferred to another agency in 2005, but Nigel continues to take photographs in his specialized fields of interest.

    Dr. Kevin Brown joined the Sittingbourne Laboratory of Shell Research Ltd. in 1986 as an ecotoxicologist. He was a founding member of the Beneficial Arthropod Testing Group (BART) in 1988 and is an author of many of the current regulatory ring-tested methods for nontarget arthropods. In 1989 he established Ecotox Limited, a contract testing facility. He now works as an independent ecotoxicologist and environmental consultant conducting and refining risk assessments, monitoring higher tier studies on behalf of clients, and participating in multifacility research projects.

    Praise For the Previous Edition:
    ...high quality photographs and accurate information... a practical guide for gardeners and a textbook for students studying applied entomology…will also be appreciated by naturalists.
    European Journal of Entomology