Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION
The Languages of Dynamic System Modeling by Paul A. Fishwick
Introduction
Dynamic System Modeling Examples
Taxonomic Approaches
Language
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics
Summary

The Dynamics of the Computational Modeling of Analogy-Making by Robert M. French
Introduction
Analogy-Making as Sameness
Analogy-Making as a Means of "Bootstrapping" Cognition
The Necessity of Malleable Representations
The Dynamics of Representation-Building in Analogy-Making
Context-Dependent Computational Temperature
Interaction between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes: An Example
Computational Models Implementing This Bottom-Up/Top-Down Interaction
Architectural Principles
How This Type of Program Works: The Details
How Tabletop Finds a Reasonable Solution
The Issue of Scaling Up
The Potential Long-Term Impact of the Mechanisms Presented
Conclusions

Impact of the Semantic Web on Modeling and Simulation by John A. Miller, Congzhou He, and Julia I. Couto
Introduction
Semantic Web: Relevant Issues
Conceptual Basis for Discrete-Event Simulation
Types of Mathematical Models
Adding Semantics to Simulation Models
Overview of DeSO
Overview of DeMO
Summary

Systems Engineering by Andrew P. Sage
Introduction
Systems Engineering
The Importance of Technical Direction and Systems Management
Other Parts of the Story
Summary

Basic Elements of Mathematical Modeling by Clive L. Dym
Principles of Mathematical Modeling
Dimensional Consistency and Dimensional Analysis
Abstraction and Scale
Conservation and Balance Principles
The Role of Linearity
Conclusions

DEVS Formalism for Modeling of Discrete-Event Systems by Tag Gon Kim
Introduction
System-Theoretic DES Modeling
DEVS Formalism for DES Modeling
DES Analysis with DEVS Model
Simulation of DEVS Model
Conclusion

MODELING METHODOLOGIES
Domain-Specific Modeling by Jeff Gray, Juha-Pekka Tolvanen, Steven Kelly, Anirudda Gokhale, Sandeep Neema, and Jonathan Sprinkle
Introduction
Essential Components of a Domain-Specific Modeling Environment
Case Studies in DSM
Overview of Supporting Tools
Conclusion

Agent-Oriented Modeling in Simulation: Agents for Modeling and Modeling for Agents by Adelinde M. Uhrmacher and Mathias Röhl
Introduction
Agents for Modeling in Simulation
Modeling and Simulation for Agents
Conclusion

Distributed Modeling by Simon J.E. Taylor
Introduction
Modeling with COTS Simulation Packages
Distributed Simulation
CSP-Based Distributed Simulation
A Standards-Based Approach
Case Study
Conclusion

Model Execution by Kalyan S. Perumalla
Introduction
Time-Stepped Execution
Discrete-Event Execution
Summary

Discrete-Event Simulation of Continuous Systems by James Nutaro
Introduction
Simulating a Single Ordinary Differential Equation
Simulating Coupled Ordinary Differential Equations
DEVS Representation of Discrete-Event Integrators
The Heat Equation
Conservation Laws
Two-Point Integration Schemes
Conclusions

MULTIOBJECT AND SYSTEM
Toward a Multimodel Hierarchy to Support Multiscale Simulation by Mark S. Shephard, E. Seegyoung Seol, and Benjamin FrantzDale
Introduction
Functional and Information Hierarchies in Multiscale Simulation
Constructing a Multimodel: Design of Functional Components to Support Multiscale Simulations
Example Multimodel Simulation Procedures
Closing Remarks

Finite Elements by Marc Hoit and Gary Consolazio
Finite Element Theory
Membrane Elements
Flat Plate and Shell Elements
Solid Elements
Dynamics
Summary

Multimodeling by Minho Park, Paul A. Fishwick, and Jinho Lee
Introduction
Scene Construction
Multimodeling Exchange Language (MXL)
Dynamic Exchange Language (DXL)
A Boiling Water Example
Conclusion

Hybrid Dynamic Systems: Modeling and Execution by Pieter J. Mosterman
Introduction
Hybrid Dynamic Systems
Hybrid Dynamic System Behaviors
An Implementation
Advanced Topics in Hybrid Dynamic System Simulation
Pathological Behavior Classes
Conclusions

Theory and Practice for Simulation Interconnection: Interoperability and Composability in Defense Simulation by Ernest H. Page
Introduction
The Practice of Simulation Interconnection-Simulation Interoperability
The Theory of Simulation Interconnection-Simulation Composability
Conclusions

MODEL TYPES
Ordinary Differential Equations by Francisco Esquembre and Wolfgang Christian
Introduction
Numerical Solution
Taylor Methods
Runge-Kutta Methods
Implementation
Adaptive Step
Implementation of Adaptive Step
Performance and Other Methods
State Events
The OSP Library

Difference Equations as Discrete Dynamical Systems by Hassan Sedaghat
Introduction
Basic Concepts
First-Order Difference Equations
Higher Order Difference Equations

Process Algebra by J.C.M. Baeten, D.A. van Beek, and J.E. Rooda
Introduction
Syntax and Informal Semantics of the ? Process Algebra
Algebraic Reasoning and Verification
Conclusions

Temporal Logic by Antony Galton
Propositional Logic
Introducing Temporal Logic
Syntax and Semantics
Models of Time
Further Extensions to the Formal Language
Illustrative Examples
Conclusion
Further Reading

Modeling Dynamic Systems with Cellular Automata by
Peter M.A. Sloot and Altons G. Hoekstra
Introduction
A Bit of History
Cellular Automata to Model Dynamical Systems
One-Dimensional CAs
Lattice Gas Cellular Automata Models of Fluid Dynamics

Spatio-Temporal Connectionist Networks by Stefan C. Kremer
Introduction
Connectionist Networks (CNs)
Spatio-Temporal Connectionist Networks
Representational Power
Learning
Applications
Conclusion

Modeling Causality with Event Relationship Graphs by Lee Schruben
Introduction
Background and Definitions
Enrichments to Event Relations Graphs
Relationships to Other Discrete-Event System Modeling Methods
Simulation of Event Relationship Graphs
Event Relationship Graph Analysis
Experimenting with ERGs

Petri Nets for Dynamic Event-Driven System Modeling by Jiacun Wang
Introduction
Petri Net Definition
Transition Firing
Modeling Power
Petri Net Properties
Analysis of Petri Nets
Colored Petri Nets
Timed Petri Nets
Concluding Remark

Queueing System Models by Christos G. Cassandras
Introduction
Specification of Queueing System Models
Performance of a Queueing System
Queueing System Dynamics
Little's Law
Simple Markovian Queueing Models
Markovian Queueing Networks
Non-Markovian Queueing Systems

Port-Based Modeling of Engineering Systems in Terms of Bond Graphs by Peter Breedveld
Introduction
Structured Systems: Physical Components and Interaction
Bond Graphs
Multiport Generalizations
Conclusion

System Dynamics Modeling of Environmental Systems by Andrew Ford
Introductory Examples
Comparison of the Flowers and Sales Models
Background on Daisy World
The Daisy World Model
The Daisy World Management Flight Simulator

Dynamic Simulation with Energy Systems Language by Clay L. Montague
Introduction
Reading an Energy Systems Language Diagram
Translating a Diagram to Dynamic Equations
Calibration of Model Constants
Preparation for Simulation
Dynamic Output of the Marsh Sector Model
A Brief Comparison with Forrester's Systems Dynamics Approach
Conclusions

Ecological Modeling and Simulation: From Historical Development to Individual-Based Modeling by David R.C. Hill and P. Coquillard
Introduction
An Old Story?
Determinism or Probability?
Modeling Techniques
The Use of Models in Ecology
Models Are Scientific Instruments
Levels of Organization and Methodological Choices
Individual-Based Models
Applications
Conclusion

Ontology-Based Simulation in Agriculture and Natural Resources by Howard Beck, Rohit Badal, and Yunchul Jung
Introduction
Ways in Which Ontologies Can Be Applied to Simulation
How to Build an Ontology-Based Simulation-Bioprocessing Example
Tools for Ontology-Based Simulation
Conclusions

Modeling Human Interaction in Organizational Systems by
Stewart Robinson
Introduction
Systems and Human Interaction
Why Model Human Interaction?
Modeling Human Interaction: Research and Practice
The KBI Methodology
A Case Study: Modeling Human Decision Making at Ford Motor Company
Conclusion

Military Modeling by Roger Smith
Introduction
Applications
Representation
Dynamics
Modeling Approach
Military Simulation Systems
Conclusion

Dynamic Modeling in Management Science by Michael Pidd
Introduction
An Approach to Dynamic Systems Modeling in Management Science
Discrete Event Simulation
System Dynamics in Management Science
Model Validation
Chapter Summary

Modeling and Analysis of Manufacturing Systems by E. Lefeber and J.E. Rooda
Introduction
Preliminaries
Analytical Models for Steady-State Analysis
Discrete-Event Models
Effective Process Times
Control of Manufacturing Systems: A Framework
Standard Fluid Model and Extensions
Flow Models
Conclusions

Sensor Network Component-Based Simulator by Boleslaw K. Szymanski and Gilbert Gang Chen
The Need for a New Sensor Network Simulator
Component Simulation Toolkit
Wireless Sensor Network Simulation
Conclusions

CASE STUDIES
Multidomain Modeling with Modelica by Martin Otter, Hilding Elmqvist, and Sven Erik Mattsson
Modelica Overview
Modelica Basics
Modelica Libraries
Symbolic Processing of Modelica Models
Outlook
Acknowledgments

On Simulation of Simulink® Models for Model-Based Design by
Rohit Shenoy, Brian McKay, and Pieter J. Mosterman
Introduction
The Case Study Example
Designing with Simulation
Obtaining Computational Models
The Robotic Arm Model
Using Computational Models for Control Design
Testing with Model-Based Design
Conclusions