Niche Modeling: Predictions from Statistical Distributions

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$107.95
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ISBN 9781584884941
Cat# C4940
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ISBN 9781420010466
Cat# CE4940
 

Features

  • Draws on tools from mathematics, statistics, data management, and geographic signal analysis
  • Summarizes major mathematical types, operations, and relationships in niche modeling
  • Provides examples that contradict three main misconceptions of niche modeling
  • Demonstrates the problem of validating models on autocorrelated data using internal or external validation
  • Explores a potential approach to the problem of quantifying circular reasoning
  • Provides a practical guide to conducting ecological niche modeling
  • Summary

    Using theory, applications, and examples of inferences, Niche Modeling: Predictions from Statistical Distributions demonstrates how to conduct and evaluate niche modeling projects in any area of application. It features a series of theoretical and practical exercises for developing and evaluating niche models using the R statistics language. The author discusses applications of predictive modeling methods with reference to valid inferences from assumptions. He elucidates varied and simplified examples with rigor and completeness. Topics include geographic information systems, multivariate modeling, artificial intelligence methods, data handling, and information infrastructure.

    Above all, successful niche modeling requires a deep understanding of the process of creating and using probability. Off-the-shelf statistical packages are tailored exactly to applications but can hide problematic complexities. Recipe book implementations fail to educate users in the details, assumptions, and pitfalls of analysis, but may be able to adapt to the specific needs of each study. Examining the sources of errors such as autocorrelation, bias, long term persistence, nonlinearity, circularity, and fraud, this seminal reference provides an understanding of the limitations and potential pitfalls of prediction, emphasizing the importance of avoiding errors.

    Table of Contents

    Preface

    FUNCTIONS
    Elements
    Operations
    Functions
    Ecological Models
    Summary

    DATA
    Creating
    Entering Data
    Queries
    Joins
    Loading and Saving a Database
    Summary

    SPATIAL
    Data types
    Operations
    Summary

    TOPOLOGY
    Formalism
    Topology
    Hutchinsonian Niche
    Environmental Envelope
    Probability Distribution
    Machine Learning Methods
    Data Mining
    Post-Hutchinsonian Niche
    Summary

    ENVIRONMENTAL DATA COLLECTIONS
    Datasets
    Archives
    Summary

    EXAMPLES
    Model Skill
    Calculating Accuracy
    Predicting House Prices
    Brown Tree Snake
    Invasion of Zebra Mussel
    Observations

    BIAS
    Range Shift
    Range-Shift Model
    Forms of Bias
    Quantifying Bias
    Summary

    AUTOCORRELATION
    Types
    Characteristics
    Example: Testing Statistical Skill
    Within Range
    Generalization to 2D
    Summary

    NON-LINEARITY
    Growth Niches
    Summary

    LONG TERM PERSISTENCE
    Detecting LTP
    Implications of LTP
    Discussion

    CIRCULARITY
    Climate Prediction
    Lessons for Niche Modeling

    FRAUD
    Methods
    Summary

    References

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