1st Edition

Cyber and Electromagnetic Threats in Modern Relay Protection

By Vladimir Gurevich Copyright 2015
    224 Pages
    by CRC Press

    224 Pages 135 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Cyber and Electromagnetic Threats in Modern Relay Protection provides a detailed overview of the vulnerabilities of digital protection relays to natural and intentional destructive impacts, including cyber attacks and electromagnetic intrusions. From lightning strikes, electromagnetic fields generated by operating equipment, and issues with control cable shielding to modern technical tools that realize intentional destructive impacts remotely, this first-of-its-kind text covers the latest cyber and electromagnetic threats to digital protection relays.

    Emphasizing the importance of relay protection to the infrastructure of a country, this book:

    • Explains how technological advances in the power industry, like the smart grid, can create dangerous vulnerabilities
    • Discusses traditional passive means of protection, such as screened cabinets, filters, cables, special materials, and covers
    • Describes advanced protective solutions based on hardware methods

    Cyber and Electromagnetic Threats in Modern Relay Protection is a valuable reference for engineers involved in the design, development, and use of relay protection. It is also beneficial for scientists, researchers, and students of vocational schools and technical universities.

    Preface

    Abstract

    Author

    Technological Advance in Relay Protection: Dangerous Tendencies

    Issues of Philosophy in Relay Protection

    Extrusion into the Historical Domain

    About Technological Advance

    Smart Grid: One More Dangerous Vector of the "Technological Advantages" in Power Industry

    Smart Grid Russian Style

    Smart Grid: Western Style

    Dangerous Tendencies in the Development of the Relay Protection

    What to Do?

    References

    Natural Electromagnetic Effects on Digital Protective Relays

    Electromagnetic Vulnerability of DPR

    Lightning Strikes

    Switching Processes and Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Operating Equipment

    Issues with Control Cable Shielding

    Distortion of Signals in the Current Transformer Circuits

    Harmonics Impact in the Measured Current and Voltage on DPR

    Quality of Voltage in the Supply Mains

    Blackout

    Noise

    Sag

    Spike

    Surge

    References

    Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Impacts

    Classification and Specification of Intentional Electromagnetic Destructive Impacts

    IDEI’s Impact on Digital Protection Relays

    Main Regulatory Documents in the Field of IDEI

    References

    Vulnerability of Modern Relay Protection to Cyber Attacks

    Dangerous Tendencies

    Cyber Security

    Are Widely Known Measures of Information Security Enough to Ensure Reliable Operation of Digital Protective Relays?

    References

    Reducing the Vulnerability of Digital Protective Relays to Intentional Remote Destructive Impacts

    Passive Methods for Protection against Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Impacts

    Improving Durability of DPR

    Active Method for Combined Protection of DPR against Cyber and Electromagnetic Threats

    Device for Active DPR Protection

    General Recommendations for Selection of Hardware Components of Protection Device

    Reed Switch Relays with Adjustable Actuation Threshold

    Technical and Economic Aspects of Active Method DPR Protection

    Power Transformer Protection

    Increasing Security of Remote Control of Circuit Breakers from Intentional Destructive Impacts

    References

    Unification: An Important Way for Quick Restoration of Relay Protection after Intentional Destructive Impacts

    Actual Situation and Problems in Unification of Construction of the Digital Protective Relays

    Is There Any Way to Solve These Problems?

    Realization of the Proposed Concept

    What Are the Advantages of the Proposed DPR Development?

    Unifications in the Technical Specifications

    Unification in Evaluating Reliability of Digital Protective Relays

    Problems with Using MTBF to Evaluate Reliability of DPR

    New Criterion for DPR Reliability Evaluation

    References

    Epilogue

    Index

    Biography

    Vladimir I. Gurevich holds an MS in electrical engineering from Kharkov Technical University and a Ph.D from Kharkov National Polytechnic University, both of Ukraine. He is currently a senior specialist and head of section for the Central Electric Laboratory at the Israel Electric Corporation, Haifa. Previously, he was a teacher, assistant professor, associate professor, and honorable professor at Kharkov Technical University, and the chief engineer and director of Inventor, Ltd. Dr. Gurevich is the author of more than 180 professional papers and 11 books, and holds nearly 120 patents in electrical engineering and power electronics.