Strength of Materials, 3rd Edition is ideal for students pursuing degrees in civil and mechanical engineering, as well as computer science, electronics, and instrumentation. Topics include combined stresses, centroid and the moment of inertia, shear forces and bending moments in beams, stresses in beams, the deflection of beams, torsion of circular members, springs, strain energy, the theory of elastic failure, buckling of columns, pressure vessels, and the analysis of framed structures.
The general arrangement of the new edition of the book remains unchanged however the text has been thoroughly revised. Also, several new solved problems in the chapters have been added. It continues to provide students with a sound understanding of the fundamental concepts of civil structures, machine elements, and other components. A large number of New Solved Examples (about 50) have been added in the chapters such as 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 10, and 13. Model Multiple Choice Questions (about 250) have been added at the end to test the understanding of students and to provide and approach for competitive examinations. A new chapter (Chapter 14) on Mechanical Testing of Materials has been introduced. The entire text has been thoroughly revised and updated to eliminate the possible errors left out in the previous editions of the book. The Third Edition is augmented by more than 100 pages and the scope of the book has been further increased.
Chapter 1: Simple Stresses and Strains
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Stress-strain Curves in Tension
1.3 True Stress-strain Curve
1.4 Poisson’s Ratio
1.5 Ductility
1.6 Elongation Produced in A Test Specimen
1.7 Shear Stress and Strain
1.8 Volumetric Strain
1.9 Bulk Modulus of Elasticity
1.10 Elastic Constants Relationship
1.10 Thermal Stress and Strain
1.11 Thermal Stress and Strain in A Simple Bar
1.12 Thermal Stress and Strain in A Compound Bar
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 2: Principal Stresses
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Stresses on an Inclined Plane (Principal Planes and Principal Tresses)
2.3 Mohr’s Circle of Plane Stress
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 3: Centroid and Moment of Inertia
3.1 Centre of Gravity
3.2 Centroid
3.3 Moment of Inertia
3.3.1 Moment of Inertia of Mass
3.3.2 Radius of Gyration w.r.t. Mass Moment of Inertia
3.3.3 Moment of Inertia of Area
3.3.4 Radius of Gyration w.r.t. Second Moment of Area
3.4 Parallel-axes theorem
3.5 Moment of Inertia of A Rectangular Section
3.6 Moment of Inertia of A Solid Circular Section
3.7 Moment of Inertia of A Hollow Circular Section
3.8 Moment of Inertia of A Semi-Circle
3.9 Moment of Inertia of A Quarter-Circle
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 4: Shear Forces and Bending Moments in Beams
4.1 What is a Beam?
4.2 Classification of Beams
4.3 Types of loadings
4.4 Calculation of Beam Reactions
4.5 Shear Forces in a Beam
4.6 Bending Moments in a Beam
4.7 Sign Conventions for Shear Force and Bending Moment
4.8 Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams (SFD and BMD)
4.9 FD and BMD for Cantilever Beams
4.9.1 Cantilever Beam with a Point Load at its Free end
Second method (for bending moment)
4.9.2 Cantilever Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load (udl)
Throughout the Span Second method
4.9.3 Cantilever Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load Over a
Certain Length from Free End
4.9.4 Cantilever Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load Over a
Certain Length from Fixed End
4.9.5 Cantilever Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load Over its
Entire Span and a Point Load at its Free End
4.9.6 Cantilever Beam with Several Point Loads
4.9.7 Cantilever Beam with Uniformly Varying Load
4.10 SFD and BMD for simply supported beams
4.10.1 Simply Supported Beam with a Point Load at Its Mid-Point
4.10.2 Simply Supported Beam with a Point Load not at its Mid-Point
4.10.3 Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Distributed Load (udl)
Over its Entire Span
4.10.4 Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Varying Load Which Varies from
Zero at Each End to w per Unit Length at the Mid-Point
4.10.5 Simply Supported Beam with Uniformly Varying Load Which
Varies from Zero at One End to w Per Unit Length at Other End
4.10.6 Simply Supported Beam Subjected to a Couple
4.11 Relations among Load, Shear Force and Bending Moment
4.12 SFD and BMD for Overhanging Beams
4.12.1 Overhanging Beam with Equal Overhangs on Each Side
and Loaded with Point Loads at the Ends
4.12.2 Overhanging Beam with Equal Overhangs on Each Side and
Loaded with a Uniformly Distributed Load Over its Entire Span
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 5: Stresses in Beams
5.1 Pure Bending in Beams
5.2 Simple Bending Theory
5.3 Position of Neutral Axis
5.4 Section Modulus
5.5 Composite Beam
5.6 Beams of Uniform Strength
5.7 Shear Stresses in Beams
5.8 Shear Stress Distribution (General Case)
5.9 Shear Stress Distribution in A Rectangular Cross-Section
5.10 Shear Stress Distribution in A Circular Cross-Section
5.11 Shear Stress Distribution in an I-Section
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 6: Deflection of Beams
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Differential Equation of Flexure
6.3 Sign Convention
6.4 Double Integration Method
6.4.1 Cantilever Beam Carrying a Point Load at its Free End
6.4.2 Cantilever Beam Carrying udl Over Its Entire Span
6.4.3 Cantilever Beam Subjected to a Pure Couple at its Free End
6.4.4 Cantilever Beam Carrying a Point Load anywhere on its Span
6.4.5 Cantilever Beam Carrying Gradually Varying Load
6.4.6 Simple Beam Carrying a Point Load at its Centre
6.4.7 Simple Beam Carrying udl Over Its Entire Span
6.5 Macaulay’s Method
6.7 Moment Area Method
6.6.1 Cantilever Beam Carrying a Point Load at its Free End
6.6.2 Cantilever Beam Carrying a udl Over its Entire Span
6.6.3 Simple Beam carrying a Point Load at its Centre
6.6.4 Simple Beam Carrying a udl Cver its Entire Span
6.7 Conjugate Beam Method
6.7.1 Simple Beam Carrying a Point Load at its Centre
6.7.2 Simple Beam Carrying a Point Load not at the Centre
6.8 Method of Superposition
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 7: Torsion of Circular Members
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Torsion Equation
7.3 Torsional Rigidity
7.4 Polar Modulus
7.5 Power Transmitted by a Shaft
7.6 Effect of Stress Concentration
7.7 Combined Bending and Torsion
7.8 Torsion of a Tapered Shaft
7.9 Torsion of a Thin Circular Tube
7.10 Effect of End Thrust
7.11 Strain Energy Due to Torsion
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 8: Springs
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Spring Terminology
8.3 Classification of Springs
8.4 Load-deflection Curve
8.5 Leaf Spring
8.6 Quarter-elliptic Leaf Spring
8.7 Spiral Spring
8.8 Helical Spring
8.8.1 Close Coiled Helical Spring Subjected to an Axial Load
8.8.2 Close Coiled Helical Spring Subjected to an Axial Twist
8.8.3 Open Coiled Helical Spring Subjected to an Axial Load
8.8.4 Open Coiled Helical Spring Subjected to an Axial Twist
8.9 Combination of springs
8.9.1 Series Combination
8.9.2 Parallel Combination
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 9: Strain Energy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Strain Energy Due to Direct Loads
9.2.1 Strain Energy Due to Gradually Applied Load
9.2.2 Strain Energy Due to Suddenly Applied Load
9.2.3 Strain Energy Due to Impact or Shock Load
9.3 Strain Energy Due to Shear
9.4 Strain Energy Due to Torsion
9.5 Strain Energy Due to Pure Bending
9.6 Strain Energy Due to Principal Stresses
9.7 Strain Energy Due to Volumetric Strain
9.8 Shear Strain Energy Due to Principal Stresses
9.9 Castigliano’s Theorem
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 10: Theory of Elastic Failure
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Maximum Principal Stress Theory
10.3 Maximum Principal Strain Theory
10.4 Total Strain Energy Theory
10.5 Maximum Shear Stress Theory
10.6 Shear Strain Energy Theory
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 11: Buckling of Columns
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Important Terminology
11.3 Classification of Columns
11.4 Euler’s Theory
11.4.1 Euler’s Formula (When both ends of the Column are Hinged/Pinned)
11.4.2 Euler’s Formula (When both ends of the Column are Fixed)
11.4.3 Euler’s Gormula (When One end of the Column is
Fixed and Other End Hinged)
11.4.4 Euler’s Gormula (When One End of the Column is
Fixed and Other End Free)
11.4.5 Crippling Stress
11.4.6 Limitations of Euler’s Formula
11.5 Empirical Formulae
11.5.1 Rankine-Gordon Formula
11.5.2 Johnson’s Parabolic Formula
11.5.3 Straight-line Formula
11.6 IS Code formula (IS: 800-1962)
11.7 Secant formula (for Eccentric Loading)
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 12: Pressure Vessels
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Stresses in A Thin Cylindrical Shell
12.3 Volumetric Strain for A Thin Cylindrical Shell
12.4 Wire Wound Thin Cylinders
12.5 Stresses in A Thin Spherical Shell
12.6 Volumetric Strain for A Thin Spherical Shell
12.7 Cylindrical Shell With Hemispherical Ends
12.8 Stresses in Thick Cylinders (Lame’s Theory)
12.8.1 General Case (When Internal and External Pressures both are Acting)
12.8.2 When Only Internal Pressure is Acting
12.8.3 When Only External Pressure is Acting
12.8.4 When A Solid Circular Shaft is Subjected to External Pressure
12.9 Longitudinal Stress
12.10 trains in Thick Cylinders
12.11 Compound Cylinders
12.11.1 Stress Due to Shrinkage
12.11.2 Stresses Due to Fluid Pressure
12.11.3 Resultant Stresses
12.11.4 Shrinkage Allowance
12.12 Stresses in A Thick Spherical Shell
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 13: Analysis of Framed Structures
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Types of Trusses
13.3 Forces in the Truss
13.4 Analysis of Trusses
13.4.1 Analysis of Trusses by Method of Joints
13.4.2 Analysis of Trusses by Method of Sections
13.5 Zero-force members
• Multiple Choice Questions
• Exercises
Chapter 14: Mechanical Testing of Materials
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Hardness Test
14.2.1 Brinell Test
14.2.2 Rockwell Test
14.2.3 Vickers Test
14.3 Fatigue
14.4 Creep
14.5 Tension Test
14.6 Compression Test
14.7 Stiffness Test
14.8 Torsion Test
14.9 Bend Test
14.10 Impact Test
• Multiple Choice Questions
Model Multiple Choice Questions for Competitive Examinations
Index
Biography
D. K. Singh is associate professor in the Division of Manufacturing Processes and Automation Engineering at Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, University of Delhi, New Delhi. He has contributed over 35 papers to various national and international journals, and conferences. He has also authored 11 books. His books are published by Ane Books Pvt. Ltd. (co-published with CRC Press /Taylor & Francis Group, USA) and Pearson Education, Singapore.
