1st Edition

Patient Handling in the Healthcare Sector A Guide for Risk Management with MAPO Methodology (Movement and Assistance of Hospital Patients)

    224 Pages 78 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    224 Pages
    by CRC Press

    Hospital staff and caregivers are regularly exposed to biomechanical overload risk, particularly at spine and shoulder level—a risk factor that will continue to rise with the progressive aging of the population. Patient Handling in the Healthcare Sector: A Guide for Risk Management with MAPO Methodology (Movement and Assistance of Hospital Patients) details the analysis of patient handling risk using the MAPO method in different areas of healthcare and helps you develop strategies to mitigate them.

    Focusing on the organization of work, this approach gives you the tools to:

    • Rapidly analyse the problem
    • Rapidly identify solutions
    • Effectively monitor the results of preventive actions

    One of the special features of this approach is that it employs tools that allow you to allocate financial resources to estimate what investments are needed to achieve specific results. This means taking the decision-making process out of the hands of ergonomics experts and putting it into those of healthcare facility administrators.

    Introduction: A Brief History of the MAPO Index Equation and Relationship with a Specific Preventive Plan

    A Review of Work-Related MSDs in Caregivers
    Introduction
    Definitions
    A Brief Overview of the Pathogenesis
    Risk Factors
    Magnitude of the Problem
    Epidemiological Studies on Clinical Effects among Healthcare Workers Assigned to Manual Patient-Handling Tasks
    The International Experience
    The Italian Experience
    Conclusions

    Manual Handling in the Healthcare Sector: The International Approach to Risk Assessment
    Introduction
    Risk Assessment Methods in the International Literature
    Guidelines for the Prevention of Risk due to Patient Handling
    ISO-CEN Technical Report

    Manual Patient-Handling Risks: Occupational Biomechanics (Biomechanical Hazards of Manual Patient Handling)
    Introduction
    The Study of Occupational Biomechanics
    Occupational Biomechanics Studies in Manual Patient Handling

    Methods and Criteria for Analyzing Manual Patient Handling by Healthcare Workers
    Introduction
    Organizational Analysis
    Patient-Handling Operators
    Description and Number of Dependent Patients
    Description of Operator Training
    Definition of Patient-Handling Tasks
    Analysis of Patient-Handling Devices
    Description of Wheelchairs
    Environmental Assessment
    Bathrooms
    Bathrooms and Toilets
    Patient Rooms
    Description of Patient Beds
    Criteria for Defining the Specific MAPO Index of Wards
    Value of the Lifting Devices Factor (LF)
    Value of the Minor Aids Factor (AF)
    Value of the Wheelchair Factor (WF)
    Value of the Environmental Factor (EF)
    Value of the Training Factor (TF)
    Characteristics of Italian Extended Care Facilities
    MAPO Risk Estimation and Screening
    Ward Characteristics with Respect to Different Shift Schedules

    MAPO Index Validation: Studies on the Association with WMSDs
    Introduction
    Results and Description of Exposure Levels in Study Wards
    Relationship between MAPO Exposure Index and Acute Low-Back Pain in the Previous Months
    MAPO Screening Method: Validation Study
    Results and Description of Exposure Levels in Study Wards
    Relationship between the MAPO Screening Index and Acute Low-Back Pain during the Previous Months
    Reference Values

    Analysis of Patient-Handling Tasks in Operating Rooms
    Introduction
    Data Collection Protocol
    Operators Involved in Patient-Handling Activities
    Description and Number of Surgical Procedures
    Description and Quantification of Handling Maneuvers
    Example of Description and Quantification of Disabled-Patient-Handling Tasks

    Description of Operator Training
    On-Site Inspection
    Analysis of Patient-Handling Devices
    Adequacy of the Environment
    Example of On-Site Inspection: Description of Equipment and Environment/Furnishings

    Estimated Risk Exposure in Surgical Unit and Summary of Risk Factors
    Equipment Factor
    Stretcher Factor, Environment Factor
    Training Factor

    Analysis of Outpatient Services and Day Hospital
    Introduction
    Data Collection Sheet: Organizational Aspects
    Quantification of the Average Number of NC and PC Patients
    Description and Quantification of Disabled Patient-Handling Tasks
    Example of Quantification of Lifting Maneuvers
    Description of Patient-Handling Assistive Devices
    Adequacy of Environment and Furnishings
    Assessment of MPH Risk Exposure in Outpatient Services: Summary and Criteria for Estimating Exposure

    Emergency Department: Setting Up Preventive Strategies for Manual Patient Handling

    Presentation
    Information Gathering: The Data Collection Sheet
    Organizational Aspects
    On-Site Inspection: Description of Patient-Handling Equipment
    On-Site Inspection: Assessment of Space and Furnishings
    Risk Exposure Assessment: Final Overview

    Procedures and Tools for Choosing Adequate Equipment

    Introduction
    Approaches to Choosing Adequate Lifting Aids
    Approaches to Choosing Height-Adjustable Stretchers
    Approaches to Choosing Patient Beds
    Approaches to Choosing Minor Aids
    Approaches to Choosing Wheelchairs
    Approaches to Choosing Patient Washing Aids

    Definition and Management of Preventive Planning

    Introduction
    Approaches to Staff Training
    Testing the Effectiveness of Preventive Strategies
    Mapping Risk in a Hospital: Examples of Procedures and Applications
    Other Effectiveness-Testing Tools

    Examples of Manual Patient-Handling Risk Assessment in Various Wards

    References
    Index

    Biography

    Olga Menoni - Degree in Occupational physiotherapy in 1979. Ergonomist from 2000. Senior Researcher of EPM (Ergonomics of Posture and Movement) Research Unit as a result of an agreement of Milan University, Policlinico Foundation and Don Gnocchi Foundation. Professor in Science of Prevention, University of Milan. Professor in more than 100 training courses for occupational physician/technicians of prevention for management of patient lifting. Author of more than 50 papers and handbooks, in Italian and English, on occupational health, ergonomics issues, with special focus on prevention of work related musculoskeletal disorders in Hospital and for manual patient handling. Natale Battevi - Degree in Medicine 1978. Postgraduate School in Occupational Health in 1982 and Health Statistics in 1989. From 1997 to 2012 has worked with CEMOC - Ergonomics Section – CLINICA DEL LAVORO at Foundation Ca’ Granda Policlinico– Milan (Italy). Since 1997 has been an integral part of the Research Unit EPM (Ergonomics of Posture and Movement) as a result of an agreement of Milan University, Policlinico Foundation and Don Gnocchi Foundation. Active in CEN and ISO international standards of ergonomics. Ergonomics consultant in many National Companies and for National Health Services. Professor in Science of Prevention, University of Milan. Author of numerous papers and handbooks, in Italian and English, on occupational health, ergonomics issues, with special focus on prevention of work related musculoskeletal disorders. Silvia Cairoli - Degree in Medicine 1988. Postgraduate School in Occupational Health in 1992. From 1999 to 2012 has worked with CEMOC - Ergonomics Section – CLINICA DEL LAVORO at Foundation Ca’ Granda Policlinico– Milan (Italy). Since 1999 has been an integral part of the Research Unit EPM (Ergonomics of Posture and Movement) as a result of an agreement of Milan University, Policlinico Foundation and Don Gnocchi Foundation. Ergonomics consultant for National Health Services. Author of numerous papers and handbooks, in Italian, on occupational health, ergonomics issues, with special focus on prevention of work related musculoskeletal disorders.

    "… provides an extensive and comprehensive description of the evidence-based MAPO INDEX that will allow not only trained ergonomists and biomechanists the ability to conduct a thorough patient handling risk assessment but many and varied healthcare professionals as well. … the level of detail found in the text facilitates intervention implementation and maintenance successes."
    —Mary W. Matz MSPH, CPE, CSPHP, Patient Care Ergonomic Solutions, LLC

    "The main strength of this book is its comprehensiveness in addressing the important problem of injuries suffered by health care workers due to manual patient handling. … much more than a list of recommendations for safe patient handling but instead presents a system that any health care facility or institution can use to systematically assess their facilities and practices for patient handling and design improved systems for such activity."
    —Robert R. Fox Ph.D., CPE, Chair, US TAG to ISO TC159/SC3 Anthropometry and Biomechanics

    "… excellent, crisply written … practical and accessible … This is a really useful, meticulously detailed handbook for all those involved in the manual handling of people, with the overall purpose of reducing the number of MSDs among careers."
    — The RoSPA Occupational Safety & Health Journal, January 2015

    "I found it easy to use, comprehensive, consistent and solution-focused and in my view its application deserves the attention of policymakers."
    Occupational Medicine, June 2016