Environmental Transport Phenomena offers a detailed yet accessible introduction to transport phenomena. It begins by explaining the underlying principles and mechanisms that govern mass transport and continues by tackling practical problems spanning all subdisciplines of environmental science and chemical engineering.
Assuming some knowledge of ordinary differential equations and a familiarity with basic applications of fluid mechanics, this classroom-tested text:
- Addresses mass conservation and macroscopic mass balances, placing a special emphasis on applications to environmental processes
- Covers the fundamentals of diffusive transport, applications of the diffusion equation, and diffusive transport in reactive systems
- Discusses convective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion, and transport in multiphase systems
- Presents a mathematical framework for formulating and solving transport phenomena problems
Environmental Transport Phenomena makes an ideal textbook for a one-semester advanced undergraduate or graduate introductory course in transport phenomena. It provides a fundamental understanding of how to quantify the spread and distribution of contaminants in the environment as well as the basis for designing processes related to water purification, wastewater treatment, and solid waste disposal, among others.
Series Preface
Preface
Authors
Introduction
Scope and Motivation
Mass Conservation and Macroscopic Mass Balances
The Principle of Conservation of Mass and the Total Mass Balance
Macroscopic Mass Balance for a Chemical Species in a Mixture
Diffusive Transport: Introductory Concepts
Diffusion Fundamentals
Diffusion as a Mass Transfer Mechanism
Binary Systems
Pseudo-Binary Systems
Multicomponent Systems
One-Dimensional, Steady Diffusion
Diffusion through a Solid Membrane
Analysis of a Pervaporation Process
Evaporation of a Liquid into a Stagnant Gas Layer: The Stefan Problem
Diffusive Transport: Applications of the Diffusion Equation
Conservation of Mass of a Chemical Species in a Mixture
One-Dimensional, Steady Diffusion
Steady Diffusion through an Annular Membrane
Diffusion from a Sphere Submerged in a Stagnant Fluid: Dissolution of a Spherical Solid Particle
Transient Diffusion
Transient Mass Transfer in a Flat Membrane
Transient Mass Transfer in Long Cylinders and Spheres
Transient Leaching from a Semi-Infinite Solid
Diffusive Transport in Reactive Systems
Treatment of Reactive Systems
Transport and Homogeneous Reaction in a Biofilm
Diffusion with Heterogeneous Chemical Reaction
Enhanced (Facilitated) Diffusion
Convective Transport
The Role of Momentum Balances in Convective Transport
Mass and Momentum Balances
Velocity Distributions in One-Dimensional Flows
Velocity Distribution between Parallel Plates When the Fluid Movement Is Induced by the Motion of One of the Plates (Simple Shear Flow)
Velocity Distribution in a Liquid Film Flowing Down on an Inclined Surface
Velocity Distribution for Developed Flow in a Pipe
Convective Mass Transfer in the Entrance Region of a Pipe in Laminar Flow
Convective Mass Transfer Correlations
Hydrodynamic Dispersion
The Concept of Hydrodynamic Dispersion and Taylor–Aris Theory
Generalization of the Dispersion Model
Turbulent Dispersion
Solutions of the Convective–Dispersion Equation
Transport in Multiphase Systems
Multiphase Systems and Porous Media
Single-Phase Flow in Porous Media: Darcy’s Law
Diffusion in Porous Media and Multiphase Systems
Dispersion in Porous Media
Experimental Determination of the Longitudinal Dispersivity in 1-D Flows
Experimental Determination of the Lateral Dispersivity in 1-D Flows
Transport in Porous Media: Fluid/Solid Interactions
Equilibrium Adsorption in Porous Media: Linear Equilibrium
Equilibrium Adsorption in Porous Media: Nonlinear Equilibrium
Transport in Porous Media with Rate-Limited Adsorption and/or Chemical Reaction
Adsorption and Reaction in Porous Media with Mass Transfer Limitations
References
Appendix A: Vectors and Vector Operations
Appendix B: The Continuity Equation
Appendix C: Mass Transfer Point Equations
Appendix D: Bessel Functions
Index
Biography
A. Eduardo Sáez is a distinguished professor in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and an adjunct professor in the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health at the University of Arizona, Tucson, USA. He holds a B.Sc from Simón Bolívar University, Caracas, Venezuela, and an MS and Ph.D from the University of California at Davis, USA. Dr. Sáez has been a faculty member at Simón Bolívar University and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA, and a visiting scholar at Bristol University, UK, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. He has earned numerous awards for his research and teaching.
James C. Baygents is the associate dean for academic affairs in the College of Engineering at the University of Arizona (UA), Tucson, USA. He is also a member of the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and the Program in Applied Mathematics at UA. He holds a BS from Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA, and an MA and Ph.D from Princeton University, New Jersey, USA. Dr. Baygents has been a visiting scientist and research fellow at the Space Science Laboratory at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama. He has earned numerous awards and received recognition for his research and teaching.
"This textbook, authored by accomplished professors, is a very comprehensive resource for modeling and analyzing the environmental fate of chemicals and contaminants in the ecosystem using fundamental principles of transport phenomena."
––Sunggyu Lee, Ohio University, Athens, USA"The approach and selected topics are excellent. … I believe the book Environmental Transport Phenomena will give an in-depth understanding of transport phenomena and how it is applied."
––Nayef Ghasem, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain"…the authors of Environmental Transport Phenomena have done great work by including several illustrations and examples to explain the fundamental concepts in each chapter. Overall, the book is well organized. I strongly recommend it for senior chemical and environmental engineering undergraduate students, for courses on process modeling and simulation, and for graduate students taking courses in transport phenomena."
—Vadose Zone Journal, May 2016