244 Pages 102 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Environmental Transport Phenomena offers a detailed yet accessible introduction to transport phenomena. It begins by explaining the underlying principles and mechanisms that govern mass transport and continues by tackling practical problems spanning all subdisciplines of environmental science and chemical engineering.

    Assuming some knowledge of ordinary differential equations and a familiarity with basic applications of fluid mechanics, this classroom-tested text:

    • Addresses mass conservation and macroscopic mass balances, placing a special emphasis on applications to environmental processes
    • Covers the fundamentals of diffusive transport, applications of the diffusion equation, and diffusive transport in reactive systems
    • Discusses convective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion, and transport in multiphase systems
    • Presents a mathematical framework for formulating and solving transport phenomena problems

    Environmental Transport Phenomena makes an ideal textbook for a one-semester advanced undergraduate or graduate introductory course in transport phenomena. It provides a fundamental understanding of how to quantify the spread and distribution of contaminants in the environment as well as the basis for designing processes related to water purification, wastewater treatment, and solid waste disposal, among others.

    Series Preface

    Preface

    Authors

    Introduction

    Scope and Motivation

    Mass Conservation and Macroscopic Mass Balances

    The Principle of Conservation of Mass and the Total Mass Balance

    Macroscopic Mass Balance for a Chemical Species in a Mixture

    Diffusive Transport: Introductory Concepts

    Diffusion Fundamentals

    Diffusion as a Mass Transfer Mechanism

    Binary Systems

    Pseudo-Binary Systems

    Multicomponent Systems

    One-Dimensional, Steady Diffusion

    Diffusion through a Solid Membrane

    Analysis of a Pervaporation Process

    Evaporation of a Liquid into a Stagnant Gas Layer: The Stefan Problem

    Diffusive Transport: Applications of the Diffusion Equation

    Conservation of Mass of a Chemical Species in a Mixture

    One-Dimensional, Steady Diffusion

    Steady Diffusion through an Annular Membrane

    Diffusion from a Sphere Submerged in a Stagnant Fluid: Dissolution of a Spherical Solid Particle

    Transient Diffusion

    Transient Mass Transfer in a Flat Membrane

    Transient Mass Transfer in Long Cylinders and Spheres

    Transient Leaching from a Semi-Infinite Solid

    Diffusive Transport in Reactive Systems

    Treatment of Reactive Systems

    Transport and Homogeneous Reaction in a Biofilm

    Diffusion with Heterogeneous Chemical Reaction

    Enhanced (Facilitated) Diffusion

    Convective Transport

    The Role of Momentum Balances in Convective Transport

    Mass and Momentum Balances

    Velocity Distributions in One-Dimensional Flows

    Velocity Distribution between Parallel Plates When the Fluid Movement Is Induced by the Motion of One of the Plates (Simple Shear Flow)

    Velocity Distribution in a Liquid Film Flowing Down on an Inclined Surface

    Velocity Distribution for Developed Flow in a Pipe

    Convective Mass Transfer in the Entrance Region of a Pipe in Laminar Flow

    Convective Mass Transfer Correlations

    Hydrodynamic Dispersion

    The Concept of Hydrodynamic Dispersion and Taylor–Aris Theory

    Generalization of the Dispersion Model

    Turbulent Dispersion

    Solutions of the Convective–Dispersion Equation

    Transport in Multiphase Systems

    Multiphase Systems and Porous Media

    Single-Phase Flow in Porous Media: Darcy’s Law

    Diffusion in Porous Media and Multiphase Systems

    Dispersion in Porous Media

    Experimental Determination of the Longitudinal Dispersivity in 1-D Flows

    Experimental Determination of the Lateral Dispersivity in 1-D Flows

    Transport in Porous Media: Fluid/Solid Interactions

    Equilibrium Adsorption in Porous Media: Linear Equilibrium

    Equilibrium Adsorption in Porous Media: Nonlinear Equilibrium

    Transport in Porous Media with Rate-Limited Adsorption and/or Chemical Reaction

    Adsorption and Reaction in Porous Media with Mass Transfer Limitations

    References

    Appendix A: Vectors and Vector Operations

    Appendix B: The Continuity Equation

    Appendix C: Mass Transfer Point Equations

    Appendix D: Bessel Functions

    Index

    Biography

    A. Eduardo Sáez is a distinguished professor in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and an adjunct professor in the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health at the University of Arizona, Tucson, USA. He holds a B.Sc from Simón Bolívar University, Caracas, Venezuela, and an MS and Ph.D from the University of California at Davis, USA. Dr. Sáez has been a faculty member at Simón Bolívar University and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA, and a visiting scholar at Bristol University, UK, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington. He has earned numerous awards for his research and teaching.

    James C. Baygents is the associate dean for academic affairs in the College of Engineering at the University of Arizona (UA), Tucson, USA. He is also a member of the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and the Program in Applied Mathematics at UA. He holds a BS from Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA, and an MA and Ph.D from Princeton University, New Jersey, USA. Dr. Baygents has been a visiting scientist and research fellow at the Space Science Laboratory at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama. He has earned numerous awards and received recognition for his research and teaching.

    "This textbook, authored by accomplished professors, is a very comprehensive resource for modeling and analyzing the environmental fate of chemicals and contaminants in the ecosystem using fundamental principles of transport phenomena."
    ––Sunggyu Lee, Ohio University, Athens, USA

    "The approach and selected topics are excellent. … I believe the book Environmental Transport Phenomena will give an in-depth understanding of transport phenomena and how it is applied."
    ––Nayef Ghasem, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain

    "…the authors of Environmental Transport Phenomena have done great work by including several illustrations and examples to explain the fundamental concepts in each chapter. Overall, the book is well organized. I strongly recommend it for senior chemical and environmental engineering undergraduate students, for courses on process modeling and simulation, and for graduate students taking courses in transport phenomena."
    Vadose Zone Journal, May 2016