Inflammation is widely recognized as an underlying mechanism in several age-related chronic diseases and can be mitigated by diet and genetics. Approaches to prevention and treatment of these diseases have targeted single pathways of inflammation using inhibitors, anti-inflammatory drugs, and aspirin. However, research on fruits, vegetables, and spices with anti-inflammatory phytonutrients indicates that theycan better reduce the risks of many common age-related diseases. This book covers various mechanisms of diet, genetics, and inflammation; the role of nutrition in several inflammation-associated diseases; as well as public health concerns and medical approaches to disease prevention and treatment.