Holographic Interferometry: A Mach–Zehnder Approach
Features
- Describes Mach–Zehnder holographic interferometry methods
- Explains how to record holograms on standard photo films (60-100 lines/mm) and CCD/CMOS sensors with low resolving power
- Analyzes techniques for recording Mach–Zehnder holograms and special features of scheme of reconstruction
- Presents numerical examples of applications of Mach–Zehnder holography in the fields of aerospace and laser physics with reconstructed interferograms
- Discusses the technique for enhancing the sensitivity of interference measurements of phase objects in frames of Mach–Zehnder holography
- Contains more than 60 illustrations
Summary
Transparent in the visible range, phase objects can be studied in the optical range using holographic interferometry. Typically, the holograms are recorded on high-resolving-power holographic photo materials, but a lower spatial resolution is sufficient for successful research in many scientific applications. Holographic Interferometry: A Mach–Zehnder Approach offers practical guidance to research scientists and engineers using Mach–Zehnder holographic interferometry methods to study phase objects in the laboratory. The Mach–Zehnder approach allows the use of standard photographic film and electronic CCD/CMOS sensors with low resolving power, making it a simpler and more affordable option for testing many types of phase objects.
This book demonstrates how to use standard photographic film for the optical recording and reconstruction of Mach–Zehnder holograms. It also illustrates techniques for using CCD/CMOS cameras to digitally record Mach–Zehnder holograms/interferograms of transparent objects. Bringing together original research and information scattered throughout existing literature, this book focuses on the holographic reference beam and shearing interferometry methods. In particular, it looks at how these methods and optical schemes can be directly applied to testing aerodynamic flows, as well as to plasmas, shocks, and waves in noncoherent laser–matter interactions.
Numerous reconstructed and classic interferograms, deflectograms, and Schlierengrams illustrate the material, helping readers develop and design their own optimal optical scheme and choose applicable details to apply the approach. Describing methods in a mathematically simple and accessible way, this book is also suitable for graduate students in the fields of aerospace engineering and optics, as well as those in laser, thermal, and plasma physics.
Table of Contents
Introduction
MACH–ZEHNDER OPTICAL HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY OF PHASE OBJECTS
Introduction to Part I
Mach–Zehnder Optical Reference Beam Interferometry
Using Mach–Zehnder Interferometer for Recording Focused Image Interferograms
Characteristics of 35-mm Photographic Films for Mach–Zehnder Interferometry
Applications of Mach–Zehnder Interferometry by Imaging on Photographic Films
Mach–Zehnder Reference Beam Optical Holographic Interferometry
Using Mach–Zehnder Interferometer for Recording Focused Image Holograms on Photographic Films
Reconstruction of Focused Image Mach–Zehnder Holograms and Studying Signal Wave by Related Techniques
Studying Signal Wave by Methods of Reference Beam Mach–Zehnder Holographic Interferometry
Dual Hologram Interferometry with Enhanced Sensitivity
Applications of Mach–Zehnder Holographic Interferometry
Dual Hologram Interferometry with Enhanced Sensitivity
Applications of Mach–Zehnder Dual Hologram Interferometry with Enhanced Sensitivity
Conclusion to Part I
MACH–ZEHNDER OPTICAL SHEARING HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY OF COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS
Introduction to Part II
Mach–Zehnder Shearing Holographic Interferometry and Its Applications in Aerodynamics
Problems of Application of Interference Techniques in Gas Dynamic Research
Concept of Mach–Zehnder Dual Hologram Shearing Interferometry for Gas Dynamic Applications
Applications of Mach–Zehnder Holographic Shearing Interferometry to a Supersonic Wind Tunnel Testing
Mach–Zehnder Shearing Optical Holographic Interferometry with Regulated Sensitivity
Applications of Mach–Zehnder Shearing Holographic Interferometry in Aerospace Engineering Research
Mach–Zehnder Dual Hologram Shearing Interference Technique with Enhanced Sensitivity for Wind Tunnel Testing
Phase Measurements in a Supersonic Shock Flow with Reduced Sensitivity: Two-Wavelength Mach–Zehnder Holographic Shearing Interferometry
Mach–Zehnder Real-Time Shearing Optical Holographic Interferometry
Real-Time Holographic Interference Shearing Technique for Wind Tunnel Testing
Disappearance of Holographic and Interference Fringe Accompanying Optical Diagnostic of a Supersonic Bow Shock Flow
Conclusion to Part II
MACH–ZEHNDER DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY AND RELATED TECHNIQUES: RECORDING MACH–ZEHNDER DIGITAL INTERFEROGRAMS/HOLOGRAMS ON CCD/CMOS SENSORS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Introduction to Part III
Mach–Zehnder Digital Holographic Interferometry
Main Technical Characteristics of CCD/CMOS Sensors Responsible for Imaging Digital Mach–Zehnder Holograms
Using CCD/CMOS Sensors for Recording Digital Mach–Zehnder Reference Beam Holograms/Interferograms
Using CCD/CMOS Sensors for Recording Mach–Zehnder Shearing Holograms/Interferograms
Applications of Mach–Zehnder Interferometry Using CCD/CMOS Sensors
Related Diagnostic Techniques
White Light Source and Laser Schlieren Diagnostic Techniques for Wind Tunnel Testing by Using CCD/CMOS Imaging
Application of Moiré Deflectometry Technique for Gas Dynamic Research
Devices and Equipment for Routine Mach–Zehnder Holographic Interference Experiments
Methods of Spatial Filtering Applicable to Mach–Zehnder Holographic Interference Experiments
Devices and Equipment Required for Performing Routine Mach–Zehnder Holographic Interference Experiments
Conclusion to Part III
Conclusion
References
Author Bio(s)
Gregory R. Toker, PhD, is a research professor in the Faculty of Chemistry at Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, since 2007. He received his PhD from the Institute of General Physics (IOFAN), Russian Academy of Sciences, in 1988.
Editorial Reviews
"... covers many techniques and procedures of in-line holographic interferometry. ... emphasizes experimental procedures and solving problems in gas dynamics research and fluid dynamics. The author has considered minor details like influence of mechanical shutter vibrations on the computed phases. ... a good reference book."
— Rajpal Singh Sirohi, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA
