1st Edition

Unit Operations of Particulate Solids Theory and Practice

By Enrique Ortega-Rivas Copyright 2012
    492 Pages 175 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    492 Pages 175 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Suitable for practicing engineers and engineers in training, Unit Operations of Particulate Solids: Theory and Practice presents the unit operations in chemical engineering that involve the handling and processing of particulate solids.

    The first part of the book analyzes primary and secondary properties of particles and particulate systems, focusing on their characterization and the effects on selection and design of silos and conveyors. Covering the main industrial operations of dry solids processing, the second part offers insight into the operation principles of the most important technologies that handle dry solids in bulk. With an emphasis on two-phase and multiphase flow, the final part describes all of the relevant systems in industrial processes that combine two different components of the state of matter as well as technologies for separating phases by purely mechanical means.

    Through clear explanations of theoretical principles and practical laboratory exercises, this book provides an understanding of the behavior of powders and pulverized systems. It also helps readers develop skills for operating, optimizing, and innovating particle processing technologies and machinery in order to carry out industrial operations, such as centrifugation, filtration, and membrane separations.

    CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE SYSTEMS AND RELATION TO STORAGE AND CONVEYING
    Introduction

    Definitions of unit operations
    Powder and particle technology
    The solid state: main distinctive properties

    Bulk Solids: Properties and Characterization
    Introductory aspects
    Classification of powders
    Sampling
    Failure properties
    Laboratory exercise: determination of some failure properties of powders
    Particle size analysis
    Laboratory exercise: particle size analysis by different methods

    Storage and Conveying of Bulk Solids
    Introduction: storage alternatives
    Outdoors storage
    Confined storage
    Laboratory exercise: evaluation of wall loads in silos
    Bulk solids conveying
    Laboratory exercise: pneumatic conveying characteristics of different granules

    BULK SOLIDS PROCESSING
    Size Reduction
    Fundamental principles of comminution
    Energy requirements in comminution
    Size reduction equipment
    Criteria for selecting size reduction processes
    Laboratory exercise: determination of reduction relations using a hammer mill

    Size Enlargement
    Introduction: agglomeration processes
    Aggregation fundamentals: strength of agglomerates
    Agglomeration methods
    Selection criteria for agglomeration methods
    Design aspects of agglomeration processes
    Applications
    Laboratory exercise: comparing methods for tumbling agglomeration of powders

    Mixing
    Introduction
    Blending mechanisms
    Statistical approach of mixing processes
    Mixing equipment
    Design and selection factors
    Laboratory exercise: determination of blending indices for different tumbling mixers

    Fluidization
    Theoretical fundamentals
    Fluidized regimes
    Applications of fluidization
    Laboratory exercise: fluidized-bed coating of food particulates

    SEPARATION TECHNIQUES FOR PARTICULATE SOLIDS
    Introductory Aspects

    Different mixtures relevant in industry
    Classification of separation techniques
    Specific techniques for granular materials

    Solid Mixtures
    Screening
    Electromagnetic separation
    Electrostatic separation
    Laboratory exercise: efficiency of separation on single-stage screening

    Solid–Fluid Systems
    Introduction: simultaneous flow of fluids and solids
    Separation efficiency
    Solid–gas separations
    Solid–liquid separation techniques

    Appendix 1: International (SI) System of Units
    Appendix 2: Density and Viscosity of Water at Different Temperatures and 101.325 kPa
    Appendix 3: Density and Viscosity of Air at Different Temperatures and 101.325 kPa
    Appendix 4: Dimensional Analysis
    Appendix 5: Standard Screen Scales
    Appendix 6: Guidelines for the Preparation of Laboratory Reports
    Appendix 7: Notation

    Index

    References appear at the end of each chapter.

    Biography

    Enrique Ortega-Rivas is a professor at the Autonomous University of Chihuahua. He is a member of the editorial boards of Food and Bioprocess Technology: An International Journal, Food Engineering Reviews, and The Open Food Science Journal. A National Researcher of Mexico, Dr. Ortega-Rivas was a Fulbright scholar and has held positions at Food Science Australia, Monash University, and Washington State University. His research interests include food engineering, particle technology, and solid–fluid separation techniques.