2nd Edition

Field Hydrogeology A Guide for Site Investigations and Report Preparation, Second Edition

By John E. Moore Copyright 2012
    206 Pages 38 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    206 Pages 38 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    In recent years, the focus in hydrogeologic investigations has expanded to include aquifer sustainability as part of resource evaluations. While there are other books on the subject, Field Hydrogeology: A Guide for Site Investigations and Report Preparation provides the first integrated presentation of the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) standards, US Geological Survey (USGS), and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field techniques. It also includes access to a website containing software for designing aquifer tests and aquifer-recharge experiments.

    Written by an author with more than 50 years of experience in hydrology and geology, this reference treats the subject from a field standpoint. Useful as a field guide or textbook, it contains standard methods for planning and undertaking hydrogeologic investigations. It incorporates case studies, contains a glossary of field-hydrogeology technical terms, and provides a detailed list of ASTM standards and key hydrologic Web sites.

    The guide is based on ASTM standards as well as EPA and US Department of Interior field technical manuals. The text covers hydrogeologic fundamentals, conceptual models, planning an investigation, surface investigations, subsurface investigations, field inventory, stream flow measurements, water quality measurements, and report preparation. This revised and updated Second Edition also includes new material on the history of hydrogeology, field safety, aquifers, groundwater quality, hydrogeologic maps, and federal regulations. It gives students and seasoned professionals a vast array of clearly written descriptive materials and an extensive source of references available at their fingertips.

    What’s New in This Second Edition:

    • New chapter on the history of hydrogeology
    • New chapter on groundwater development and management, including US federal regulations and transboundary aquifers
    • New material on field safety, groundwater quality and testing, and construction of hydrogeologic cross section and maps
    • New international case studies
    • New THEIS computer model to design aquifer tests
    • Updated information on latest principles and techniques

    Introduction
    Hydrogeologic Concepts
    Aquifers
    Groundwater Movement
    Recharge and Discharge
    Source of Water to a Well
    Locating Groundwater
    Groundwater Facts
    References

    History of Hydrogeology in the United States
    Background
    Milestones in the History of Hydrogeology in the United States (1879–1988)
    References

    Planning a Field Investigation
    Project Planning
    Four Stages of Every Project
    Types of Projects
    Project Proposal
    Summary of Project Planning
    Project Management
    Summary of Project Management
    Types of Investigations
    Objectives of Investigations
    Sources of Hydrologic Data
    Hydrologic Websites
    Geographic Information Systems
    Responsibility of Hydrogeologists
    Rules for Professional Conduct
    Field Notebook
    Field Safety
    References

    Surface Investigations
    Conceptual Model
    Preliminary Site Reconnaissance
    Suggestions for Conducting a Preliminary Site Field Investigation
    Site Visit
    Spring Investigation
    Hazardous Waste Site Investigation
    Geophysical Surveys
    Surface Geophysics
    Geophysical Well Logging
    Locating and Testing Water Wells
    Well Drilling and Construction
    Well Development and Testing
    Determining Well Yield
    Well Maintenance
    Groundwater Quality
    Field Measurements of Water Quality
    Specific Conductance
    Testing the Quality of Groundwater
    References

    Subsurface Investigations
    Geologic Mapping
    Inventory of Wells
    Monitor Wells
    Test Drilling and Examination of Drill Cuttings
    Water-Level Measurements
    Wetted Steel Tape
    Electrical Tape
    Pressure Transducer
    Tracing Techniques
    Introduction
    Natural Tracers
    Artificial Tracers
    Field Methods
    References

    Aquifer Evaluation
    Hydraulic Conductivity
    Grain Size
    Laboratory Measurements
    Design of Aquifer Tests
    Types of Tests
    Specific-Capacity Test
    Step-Drawdown Test
    Slug Test
    Analysis of Aquifer Test Data
    Theis Equation
    Cooper–Jacob Straight-Line Method
    Computer Programs to Design an Aquifer Test
    CSUPAWE
    THEIS Computer Model Program
    Construction of Hydrogeologic Maps and Cross Sections
    Hydrogeologic Sections
    References

    Streamflow Measurements
    Basic Equipment
    Measurement Procedure
    Methods to Determine Stream–Aquifer Relations
    References

    Hydrogeologic Reports
    Report Planning
    Report Writing
    Overcoming Writer’s Block
    Title
    Executive Summary or Abstract
    Introduction
    Purpose and Scope
    Body of Report
    Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
    Report Review
    Peer Review
    Editorial Review
    Technical Review
    Review Steps
    Additional Resources

    Groundwater Development and Management
    Federal Laws to Protect Groundwater
    Transboundary Aquifers
    Effect of Groundwater Withdrawal
    Groundwater and Urbanization
    References

    Case Studies
    Denver, Colorado
    Mexico City
    Nubian Aquifer, Northern Africa
    California’s Central Valley
    Chicago, Illinois
    Las Vegas, Nevada
    Tucson and Phoenix, Arizona
    High Plains Aquifer, Southwest United States
    Bangkok, Thailand
    Tokyo, Japan
    References

    Further Reading
    Glossary

    Appendix A: The Ideal Project—Its Planning and Supervision; John E. Moore and Hugh Hudson
    Appendix B: Aquifer Test—An Alternative Data Interpretation; J. Joel Carrillo-Rivera and A. Cardona
    Index

     

    Biography

    John E. Moore, PhD, is an internationally recognized research scientist and hydrogeologist. He is currently an adjunct professor at Metro State College in Denver, Colorado, and presents short courses for the Geological Society of America and the International Association of Hydrogeologists.

    He has more than 50 years of experience as scientist, technical advisor, and senior hydrologist with the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Dr. Moore has served as an advisor to the EPA, Department of Energy, Department of Defense, U.S. Congress, and the State of Colorado. He is past president of the American Institute of Hydrology (AIH) and the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), and associate editor of Environmental Geology.

    Dr. Moore received the Department of Interior Meritorious Service Award, AIH Founders award, IAH Honorary Members Award, and the National Groundwater Association Life Member Award. He is the author of 7 books and 50 scientific articles. Because of his contributions to hydrology and publications, he was presented an honorary doctor of science on October 5, 2010, at Ohio Wesleyan University.

    Dr. J.J. Carrillo-Rivera, PhD, is a researcher at the Institute of Geography of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). He is a Member of the National Academy of Sciences, a researcher and reviewer of CONACyT, a European Community External Advisor, and past President of the Mexican Chapter of the International Association of Hydrogeologists. He has an MSc in Hydrogeology from University College London and a PhD in Geology (Hydrogeology) from London University.

    Michael Wireman, MS, is a hydrogeologist with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Denver, Colorado, where he is Regional Groundwater Expert. He has 21 years of experience in groundwater investigations in the Rocky Mountains. He has been project manager for private consulting firms and provides technical support to several Federal Agency programs. Wireman has a master’s degree in Hydrogeology from Western Michigan University, USA.

    Praise for the First Edition

    ... fills a great need to beginning hydrologists and hydrogeologists as a guide for site investigations and report preparation. It ... also contains a very interesting and important section on rules for professional conduct. ... It is a particularly good reference as the author, a geologist, identifies the important role that geologists play in the study of the source, occurrence, movement, quality, and quantity of groundwater. There [is] an excellent outline for the preparation of hydrogeologic reports. The last chapter provides four excellent case histories as good examples for a new hydrogeologist on his first assignment.
    —P.E. LaMoreaux, Editor-in-Chief, Environmental Geology (2003) 44:876