The Chemistry and Technology of Coal, Third Edition
Features
- Includes the latest developments in the coal industry, updated information on new processes, and various recent environmental regulations
- Introduces the science of coal, beginning with its formation in the ground, and eventually leads to the production of a wide variety of products and petrochemical intermediates
Summary
The demand for coal use (for electricity generation) and coal products, particularly liquid fuels and chemical feedstocks, is increasing throughout the world. Traditional markets such as North America and Europe are experiencing a steady increase in demand whereas emerging Asian markets, such as India and China, are witnessing a rapid surge in demand for clean liquid fuels.
A detailed and comprehensive overview of the chemistry and technology of coal in the twenty-first century, The Chemistry and Technology of Coal, Third Edition also covers the relationship of coal industry processes with environmental regulations as well as the effects of combustion products on the atmosphere.
Maintaining and enhancing the clarity of presentation that made the previous editions so popular, this book:
- Examines the effects of combustion products on the atmosphere
- Details practical elements of coal evaluation procedures
- Clarifies misconceptions concerning the organic structure of coal
- Discusses the physical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of coal
- Analyzes the development and current status of combustion and gasification techniques
In addition to two new chapters, Coal Use and the Environment and Coal and Energy Security, much of the material in this edition been rewritten to incorporate the latest developments in the coal industry. Citations from review articles, patents, other books, and technical articles with substantial introductory material are incorporated into the text for further reference.
The Chemistry and Technology of Coal, Third Edition maintains its initial premise: to introduce the science of coal, beginning with its formation in the ground to the production of a wide variety of products and petrochemical intermediates in the twenty-first century. The book will prove useful for scientists and engineers already engaged in the coal and/or catalyst manufacturing industry looking for a general overview or update on the clean coal technology as well as professional researchers and students in chemistry and engineering.
Table of Contents
Part I Character and Properties
Occurrence and Resources
Introduction
History
Rock Environment
Seam Structure
Reserves
Resources
References
Classification
Introduction
Classification Systems
Correlation of the Various Systems
Epilogue
References
An Organic Sediment
Introduction
Precursors of Coal
Coal-Forming Processes
Heteroatoms in Coal
Epilogue
References
An Organic Rock
Introduction
Physical Structure
Petrology
Petrography
Petrology, Petrography, and Behavior
References
Recovery
Introduction
Exploratory Drilling Equipment and Techniques
Mining
References
Preparation, Transportation, and Storage
Introduction
Coal Preparation
Size Reduction
Coal Cleaning
Coal Drying
Desulfurization
Coal Sampling
Transportation
Storage
References
Mineral Matter
Introduction
Origin of Mineral Matter in Coal
Occurrence
Mineral Types
Classification
Evaluation of Mineral Matter
Chemistry of Ash Formation
Effect of Mineral Matter in Coal
References
Coal Analysis
Introduction
Sampling
Proximate Analysis
Ultimate Analysis (Elemental Analysis)
Calorific Value
Reporting Coal Analyses
Precision and Accuracy
Interrelationships of Analytical and Physical Data
References
Coal Properties
Introduction
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Electrical Properties
Epilogue
References
Organic Constituents
Introduction
Solvent Extraction
Chemical Methods
Spectroscopic Methods
Physical Property Methods
Heteroatoms
Molecular Weight
Assessment of Coal Structure
References
Solvent Extraction
Introduction
Physicochemical Concepts
Action of Specific Solvents
Composition of the Extracts
Solvolysis
Solvent Swelling of Coal
Epilogue
References
Chemical Reactivity
Introduction
Reactions with Oxygen (or Air)
Reactions with Oxidants
Bacterial Oxidation of Coal
Hydrogenation
Halogenation
Alkylation
Depolymerization
Hydrolysis
Miscellaneous Reactions
References
Thermal Reactivity
Introduction
Thermal Decomposition Processes
Physicochemical Aspects
Thermal Decomposition Products
References
Part II Technology and Utilization
Combustion
Introduction
Chemistry and Physics
Combustion Systems
Coal–Liquid Mixtures
Coal Combustion Products
References
Electric Power Generation
Introduction
Electricity from Coal
Steam Generation
Power Plant Waste
Coal–Water Fuels
Air Pollution Control Devices
Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies
References
Carbonization
Introduction
Physicochemical Aspects
Process Concepts
Coal Tar
Coke
Charcoal
References
Briquetting and Pelletizing
Introduction
General Concepts
Briquetting Technology
Charcoal Briquettes
Bio-Briquettes
Briquette Properties
Processes
Pelletizing
References
Liquefaction
Introduction
Physicochemical Aspects
Process Classification
Reactors
Products
References
Liquefaction Processes
Introduction
Pyrolysis Processes
Solvent Extraction Processes
Catalytic Liquefaction Processes
Indirect Liquefaction Processes
Coal Liquids Refinery
References
Gasification
Introduction
Gaseous Products
Physicochemical Aspects
Process Types and Reactors
Gasification of Coal with Biomass and Waste
Underground Gasification
Environmental Aspects
References
Gasification Processes
Introduction
Fixed-Bed Processes
Fluidized-Bed Processes
Entrained-Bed Processes
Molten Salt Processes
Underground Gasification
References
Clean Coal Technologies
Introduction
Historical Perspectives
Modern Perspectives
Clean Coal Technology
Managing Wastes from Coal Use
Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration
References
Gas Cleaning
Introduction
Environmental Legislation
General Aspects
Particulate Matter Removal
Acid Gas Removal
Removal of Sulfur-Containing Gases
Removal of Nitrogen-Containing Gases
References
Chemicals from Coal
Historical Aspects
Coal Tar Chemicals
Fischer–Tropsch Chemicals
Chemicals from Methane
References
Environmental Aspects of Coal Use
Introduction
Production
Preparation
Transportation and Storage
Combustion
Carbonization
Liquefaction
Gasification
Clean Coal Technologies
References
Coal and Energy Security
Introduction
Energy Security
National Energy Plan and Coal Utilization
Electric Power Generation
Hydrogen from Coal
Energy Security and Sustainable Development
References
Glossary
Index
